Godwin Edem Akpan

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• B.Eng; M.Sc
• Lecturer at Akwa Ibom State University

As the world transitions towards green energy sources solar drying has become a vital technology for sustainable agricultural production, offering a cleaner, more efficient alternative to traditional drying methods. Solar drying has been demonstrated to be a sustainable and ecofriendly drying process for drying and preserving agricultural product...

The study considers the thermodynamic performance and thermal flux effect of a passive evaporative cooled porous clay storage structure on tomatoes precooling. To keep the construction cost-effective, the pilot precooling structure is made with clay soil collected from the immediate area. Water flow rate, air speed, temperature, and relative humidi...

This study explores the use of recycled waste palm fruit fibers as wetting pads in evaporative cooling (EVC) systems. Our goal is to analyze how this wetting pad, influences the drivers of the EVC process and the effects on the quality of pre-cooled orange and papaya. The collected data serves as a foundation for analyzing transient heat responses...

This study evaluates the sustainability of a dual-chamber evaporative cooling system operating at different cooling chamber temperatures, using exergy-based sustainability indices and extended exergy accounting, with a focus on waste exergy management and environmental sustainability. The results show that the system’s sustainability can be improve...

Conventional solar greenhouse dryers have transparent walls, and the north wall effect can prevent the north wall from receiving solar radiation, making it a conduit for heat dissipation. To reduce heat loss, opaque walls are used on the north side of the greenhouse. However, a comprehensive comparative analysis of solar greenhouses with insulated...

The study presents the results of transient response of modification of walls of a greenhouse dryer to heat loss through the vents when kept in the northern hemisphere. Three dryers made up of totally transparent polyethylene cover, black tarpaulin insulated Northern and Eastern Wall were studied for their thermal performance in terms of heat loss....

The thermodynamic analysis of a simple natural convection solar greenhouse drier with insulated opaque walls has been proposed for drying aromatic yellow pepper. The aim is to assess its thermodynamic performance and its environmental sustainability. Opaque insulation of the northern wall (OINW) increased heat utilization by preventing heat losses....

This study evaluates a solar PV-powered evaporative cooling system for vegetable cooling. The system features dual cooling chambers with two different biomass pads, operating at different temperatures. To assess its potential, the research examines the evolution of temperature and humidity of the cooling chamber, evaporative effectiveness, cooling...

Recently, the increase in electrical energy tariff in Nigeria coupled with the epileptic electricity supply has led to the rise in production cost and price of cassava products. In this study, an audit of the electrical energy used in three cassava processing industries (Niji farm, ATMANCorp Nigeria, and Psaltry International Limited) in Oyo state,...

This study examined the effect of various process factors on the drying of fresh water filleted prawns (Macrobrachium felicinum). The aim was to obtain data utilizing experimental and theoretical analysis that can be applied in equipment development and process optimization for drying seafood. Thus, pre‐treated prawns at different brine concentrati...

A renewable energy source that is becoming more and more appealing is concentrated solar power (CSP) with energy storage. To overcome the erratic nature of CSP and improve its economic competitiveness, the integration of efficient and cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES) systems is one of the important variables that will define the growth o...

Biofuel refers to fuel produced through and from biological processes of biomaterials which are often obtained from plants and animals. These biomaterials can be processed into different forms of biofuel such as biomass, bioethanol, biogas, and biodiesel. The major challenge of biofuel production is its negative implication on the food chain reduci...

This study presents the effect of loading on the heat transfer rate and specific water consumption of detached loosed fresh palm fruits during sterilization. Sterilization is an integral process of palm oil extraction that consumes a lot of water. However, most industrial research in the past focused on fresh fruit bunch (FFB) sterilization dynamic...

Efficient cracking and separation of periwinkle shells are essential unit operations in periwinkle meat processing. Mechanization remains the panacea to achieving timely processing of periwinkle meat. This study was carried out to design, develop and evaluate the performance of a viable machine for the extraction of meat from periwinkle. The perfor...

Chilling and cooling are considered as important processes that are used to extend the shelf life of food, fresh agricultural products, meat, and fish products. These processes as presented require substantive knowledge for their implementation in different industries, shops, and homes. Indeed, knowing the fundamentals of chilling and cooling is th...

In some countries, Neem and Bitter leaves are often offered as dried medicinal leaves and one of the appealing aspects to consumers is that they retain their original colour after drying. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine if light wavelength variations can impact the quality and chlorophyll loss in solar-dried Neem and bitter leaves....

With the help of agrochemicals (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, insecticides, soil conditioners, and fungicides), food production has more than doubled over the past century, and the recent demand for more food to support a world population that is growing at an alarming rate keeps pressure on the excessive application of agrochemicals. The po...

The thermal and flow resistance properties of wetting pads play a key role in how effective direct evaporative cooling (DEC) systems Perform. To make an informed decision, it's crucial to study the heat transfer properties and airflow resistance manifested in pressure drop for various types of wetting media. An experimental study was conducted to d...

The study focused on how farming communities cope with the COVID-19 pandemic in Akwa Ibom State. Specifically, how farmers are affected by the pandemic, their coping strategies, contributions of extension service towards their adaptation, and the support they need to better adapt to the pandemic were examined. A multistage sampling procedure was us...

Seasonal variations of stream and borehole water properties were evaluated for assessment of water quality. The study was carried out to determine water quality index (WQI) for assessment of seasonal effects on stream and borehole water quality from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) leachate around Uyo waste dumpsite. Leachate samples were collected at t...

An analysis of review articles on solar drying of agricultural products is presented. The review also discusses detailed economic evaluation methods and market participation approaches for transitioning solar dryers from the workshop to the market. This study aims to serve as a model for future solar drying reviews. In addition to broad perspective...

This research aimed to examine the need of adding hot water blanching pre-treatment on the drying of ginger rhizomes using a hybrid solar-dryer with paraffin liquid as thermal storage infused into a copper tube to form a compact heat exchanger. Blanching duration quickened the drying rate of the ginger rhizomes and the average drying rate for blanc...

Fruits are highly perishable due to high respiration rate after harvest. This always leads to losses after harvest resulting in farmers not getting good value for their products. The high cost of the conventional refrigerator and the adverse effect on the stored fruits have made evaporative cooling technology for fruit preservation very attractive....

The study investigates the influence of drying methods on the quality of Andropogon tectorum (Gamba grass) and Pennisetum puerperium (Elephant grass) forage grasses used for hay making in Africa. The aim is to establish the best drying conditions for the grasses for forage conservation in Africa and the possible scaling up of the drying process for...

The agricultural undergraduate curriculum in Nigeria was restructured by the introduction of a practical year program (PYP) for students. This study investigated Students' perspectives, constraints, and strategies for enhancing PYP, as well as the impact of PYP on future career choices. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain data from stud...

This study combines artificial neural network (ANN) with a novel metaheuristic technique, satin bowerbird optimizer (SBO) for predicting oil, and pectin yield from watermelon rind. The experimental design was based on two-level factors, drying temperature (°C) and heating time (hours) for oil yield (%) and three-level factors, drying temperature (°...

Biodiversity is fundamental to development, for improving food security, conservation, industrialization, and ecosystem services in Africa. Biodiversity’s contributions to development are usually effective and reliable by the existence and conservation of a range of different species and genetically diverse populations within species. Africa’s pote...

The moisture content of prawns is reduced by drying to a level that inhibits mould growth and microbial infestation, hence reducing microbiological degradation. The purpose of the research was to optimize the process parameters during prawn convective drying. To get minimum moisture content, moisture content (MC) was quantitatively examined through...

To reduce agricultural material waste and enhance storage conditions, an electric dryer was designed and built. There are three parts to it: a drying chamber, a blower and a heat exchanger. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test and evaluate the performance of the test materials which included okro, pepper and groundnut at an average drying...

This study investigated the effect of drying air temperature on thin layer drying kinetics of pre-treated and untreated crayfish fillets and fit the drying data obtained into five different mathematical models and determines other important drying parameters. Drying characteristics such as moisture ratio, moisture diffusivity, and activation energy...

Background The utilization of taro has been restricted by its perishability, and drying is one of the methods commonly used in its preservation. There is however the need to understand the drying process in order to have an efficient operation. This study focused on the thin‐layer drying kinetics of taro slices to provide information toward optimiz...

Some mechanical properties of mucuna bean seed were studied at different moisture levels to provide relevant data for development of cracking machine for the seed. The frictional coefficient of the seed on five structural surfaces (plywood, aluminum, glass, steel, and wood) was determined using the incline plane method. The mechanical properties we...

Drying, an important but energy‐intensive unit operation, is necessary to ensure that perishable food produce is preserved for diverse industrial uses. Hence, modeling and optimizing this unit operation is vital. This study was carried out with the view of modeling and optimizing the thin‐layer drying of pretreated taro corm slices using three‐leve...

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of rotor/cracking speed of a horizontal shaft centrifugal palm nuts cracker on kernel production and to determine the rotor speed that would give optimum whole kernel production in relation to smaller fragments of shell particle size. Samples of mixed varieties of palm nuts at 7.82% moisture content...

Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) is a perishable tuber crop used as a staple food among rural dwellers in Nigeria. Processing cocoyam into flour is one of the ways to overcome the problem of high perishability thereby increasing its availability and uses. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment and temperature on the quality of cocoyam flou...

This work studied the effect of calcination temperature, mix ratio and curing time on the strength characteristics of cement-periwinkle shell ash laterized concrete. Periwinkle shell ash, an agricultural waste material was calcined at three different levels of temperature viz : 600, 800 and 1000 ˚C; two mix proportion of 1:1:2 and 1:2:4 were pre...

Effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy are important parameter needed for designing, modeling and optimizing drying of food products. This study investigated the moisture diffusivity and activation energy obtained from thin layer drying studies of prawn fillets. Freshwater prawns were filleted and pretreated by brining in different le...

Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) is a perishable tuber crop used as a staple food among rural dwellers in Nigeria. Processing cocoyam into flour is one of the ways to overcome the problem of high perishability thereby increasing its availability and uses. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment and temperature on the quality of cocoyam flou...

This paper reports on the assessment of physico-chemical properties of periwinkle shell ash as a replacement for cement in concrete. Physical properties like specific gravity, fineness, bulk density and moisture content of the periwinkle shell ash were determined and compared with the specification of American society of testing and material. The c...

A locally made agricultural and bio-material dryer to be operated by local farmers was designed and developed to reduce Agricultural material wastage and improve their storage conditions. It consists of three units: drying chamber, blower and heat exchanger. The performance test and evaluation were conducted using analysis of variation (ANOVA) usin...