Goddy Uwa Osimen

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• Ph. D, Defence & Strategic Studies
• Senior Lecturer at Afe Babalola University

Background: This study critically evaluates the Economic Community of West African States' (ECOWAS) integration policy and its impact on trans-border mobility. The policy assumes that individuals migrate from stagnant to rapidly growing areas, from low-income to high-income regions, and from uncertain to secure employment opportunities.

The American occupation of Afghanistan from 2001-2021 is widely regarded as a strategic failure, particularly after the Taliban took over the government in 2021. This work seeks to observe the strategic flaws of the 20-year occupation from the perspective of nation-building within the state. Using the theoretical lens of strategic culture and borro...

The inclusion of Autonomous machine into armed forces activities has significant consequences for the world order. Grasping these consequences has become a primary concern for decision-makers, analysts, and global stakeholders. This research explores how AI-powered weapons systems affect defence systems, focusing on advanced military technologies a...

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into military operations significantly impacts international peace, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its implications by the international community, scholars, and policymakers. This study examines the ethical issues surrounding AI in modern warfare, with a focus on accountability, parti...

Temporal realities/expressions are crucial in human conversations, and are uniquely different. This study assesses temporal realities in English and Esan languages. It examines how tense and aspect are marked in both languages, uncovering different expressions. Esan language, an indigenous language within the Edo linguistic group in Nigeria, exhibi...

Political leadership and humanitarian crises have had a huge impact on the democratic sustainability of many African states since gaining independence from their colonial masters in the 1960s. Political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability are strongly interconnected as the quality of leadership during a crisis can either...

Workers are an organization's most asset since without them, it cannot function. As a result, workers are dependent on their employers for both a place to work and the implementation of their own disciplined practices to ensure their welfare. One aspect of an organization's welfare is the maternity leave policy that Covenant University offers its f...

Since its inception in 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has been a cornerstone in the architecture of international security, playing a crucial role in shaping the global agenda on non-proliferation and arms control. This paper critically examines the evolution of NATO's strategies and policies in these domains, assessing their s...

Purpose Climate change has emerged as a significant global challenge with far-reaching parallel implications, especially in regions where resource scarcity has led to various conflicts and displacement of people. This research aims to investigate the specific dynamics of Fulani Herdsmen’s migratory patterns as well as the socio-economic and securit...

The study is designed to assess whether the ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons has had negative implications for Nigeria’s national security. The study used key informant interviews and secondary sources as instruments to collect qualitative and quantitative data. The study critiqued the economic integration theory, and the assumption of t...

This paper examines the pressing challenges of widespread ignorance in terms of socio-political and economically related issues in Nigeria. Despite its rich natural and human resources, Nigeria still grapples with significant socio-political and economic challenges stemming from inadequate social orientation and functional result-oriented education...

The Igbo, one of Nigeria's major ethnic groups have long experienced marginalisation and perceived exclusion from national political leadership. The research adopted the phenomenological research design with data collected from secondary sources via a systematic literature review. The data gathered were analysed, utilizing thematic analysis. Using...

The study assessed the impact of the N-Power program on youth empowerment in Lagos State, Nigeria. A cross sectional survey design was used to select the beneficiaries of the program, while both questionnaires and interviews were used as a source of data collection from the respondents. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical...

Every tribe has a unique culture of which language is a distinctive feature. Culture and language are inherently intertwined in the sense that understanding one’s native language is easy access to understanding one’s culture, which is the way of life of a people. Language, thus, serves as the connecting force to all, irrespective of status, geograp...

This study investigates the impact of international migration on the Bini people of Edo State, Nigeria who are renowned for their rich cultural heritage, arts and historical migration patterns. The primary objective is assessing how international migration affects their economic and social life. This study posits that migration is primarily motivat...

State fragility and coups in Franco-phone West Africa constitute a worrisome political issue caused by weak leadership, instability, poverty, corruption, weak governance institutions, insurgency and terrorism, kidnapping and banditry, border porosity and high rates of military coup. The paper analysed the causes and consequences of military takeove...

Globalization unavoidably propels migration which has been and will continue to claim the lives of most Africans in an attempt to scout for greener pastures in foreign lands. This thereby causes security challenges to both African immigrants and the receiving nations or host countries. Thus, presenting “Africanness” and “self-reliance” (philosophy...

This study is to explore different ways that opposition political parties have adopted towards the political empowerment of women in African society to ensure their well-being which is part of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) number three (3) of United Nations Agenda 2030. The study is also out to explore the challenges facing the empowerment o...

This study delves into the complex relationship between migration, gender social norms, and child marriage within internal migrant communities in Southwest Nigeria. Existing research has demonstrated that the dynamics of child marriage and migration are intricately interwoven and contingent upon specific contextual factors. This relationship is fur...

State fragility and coups in Franco-phone West Africa constitute a worrisome political issue caused by weak leadership, instability, poverty, corruption, weak governance institutions, insurgency and terrorism, kidnapping and banditry, border porosity and high rates of military coup. The paper analysed the causes and consequences of military takeove...

This study delves into the complex relationship between migration, gender social norms, and child marriage within internal migrant communities in Southwest Nigeria. Existing research has demonstrated that the dynamics of child marriage and migration are intricately interwoven and contingent upon specific contextual factors. This relationship is fur...

Africa's journey toward sustainable peace is hindered by centralised, top-down peacebuilding frameworks that often overlook local contexts and community needs. The main argument is that democratising peacebuilding within the African Union's (AU) Agenda 2063 can lead to a more inclusive and effective approach, enhancing the long-term success of peac...

Boko Haram, which translates from Hausa to mean ‘Western Education is forbidden,’ has ignominiously attracted negative attention and publicity from many quarters in Nigeria and the international community at large. Indeed, the organisation is arguably one of the significant security concerns confronting the Nigerian State. This has undoubtedly crea...

This study evaluates the effect of international migration on the living standard of the Bini people of Edo State, Nigeria. Using a convenience sampling technique, a total of 401 respondents were selected from the seven (7) local government areas that constitute the Edo South senatorial district, where the Bini people are located. The study adopted...

The study is focused on COVID-19 and how it has shaped the global health governance discourse in the past few years. Acknowledging the World Health Organisation as the chief global health body, the study highlighted the roles of the organization in managing global health crisis since its inception and how pandemics have had enormous impact on inter...

This study provides a critical examination of the impact of international conventions on child marriage in Nigeria. It sheds light on the persistent and overlooked consequences in various overlooked regions in relation to achieving target 5.3 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. The study raises two key questions: the extent...

This work assesses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on modern warfare. AI has led to a new arms race, which has impacted military dynamics among the superpowers in the 21st century. The study aims to evaluate the propagation of AI-powered weapons from the vantage point of ethics, international humanitarian law, and arms control. Secondary...

This work centres on the contribution of the Nigerian government'

The subject of traditional institutions cannot be undermined in the project of sustainable leadership and good governance in Nigeria given the locus and crucial role of the institution in the past and modern Nigeria. It is incontrovertible that traditional and aboriginal values are held highly with reverence and respect in virtually all parts of Ni...

This study investigates the impact of international migration on the Bini people of Edo State, Nigeria who are renowned for their rich cultural heritage, arts and historical migration patterns. The primary objective is assessing how international migration affects their economic and social life. This study posits that migration is primarily motivat...

This study investigated the ramifications of artisanal petroleum refining on public health security within the locales of Degema, Ogu-bolo, and Opobo local government areas. Its primary objective was to investigate the relationship between artisanal petroleum refining and health security in Rivers State. A cross-sectional survey research design was...

This paper examined the prospect of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement in the context of the SDGs. It took its bearing from the contemporary structure of most African states, arguing that the reality of the continent's postcolonial condition could impede the implementation of the AfCFTA. Its refrain is that studies on how Nigeria and Sout...

The Bini people of Edo State, located in the Edo South senatorial district, have been the focus of a study investigating the impact of international migration on Nigerian infrastructure. The study employed a descriptive-qualitative approach, using a survey research methodology and structured questionnaires to gather data from 401 respondents. The s...

The study introduces the World Health Organization as the apex body of global health, which is charged with the fundamental role of maintaining a healthy globe. However, outbreak of diseases has become a growing menace that the WHO has battled for decades since its inception. COVID-19 is the latest of such battles. This study employs ex post facto...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into military operations has significant implications for global stability. Understanding these implications is crucial for policymakers, researchers, and the international community. This study addresses the impact of AI-driven technologies on defence systems. It examines autonomous weapons, surveill...

Social media serves as a powerful tool for politicians to engage with voters and drive the conversation in their favor. Still, the authenticity and accuracy of online information can be questionable as there are currently no mechanisms in place to regulate or sanction the spread of false or misleading information on social media, making it even mor...

Human security is a vital aspect of a state’s existence and it's performance in both local and international system. However, in Nigeria, the state of human security has been intercepted by many obstacles. The Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) secessionist movement is a major interception. The arrest of the group’s leader, Nnamdi Kanu, in 2015 tr...

Objective: The objective of this study is to the recent incidences of terror attacks in the West African sub-region that have only overwhelmed national governments concerned. Using the case studies of Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger, the paper interrogates the recent scourge of terrorism in these countries within the context of sub-regional...

Objective: The objective of this study is to the recent incidences of terror attacks in the West African sub-region that have only overwhelmed national governments concerned. Using the case studies of Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger, the paper interrogates the recent scourge of terrorism in these countries within the context of sub-regional...

Security creates an environment in which people in an economy can set goals and invest in their future and where social bonds and institutions are strengthened, which leads to economic growth and development. The paper went into detail about the rise of insecurity in Nigeria and how security threats and banditry are linked to the country's high pov...

The semi-arid region of the Sahel area, in West and Central Africa, has been dealing with a complicated web of insecurity and conflicts. The fragile security conditions in the Sahel region, which are marked by terrorism, armed conflicts, and instability, have harmed women's social, economic, and political empowerment. Many Sahelian women lack acces...

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Education tourism has been a sought-after option in recent years for tertiary level students in Nigeria who are in search of quality education in foreign institutions. Reports have revealed that Nigeria has the highest outbound student mobility in Africa. The decision for Nigerian tertiary level students to leave the country i...

Globally, there have been several discussions about the connection or relationship between environmental change, natural resources, and security. Aside from the detrimental effects it has on livelihood in the majority of the world's current regions, many academics have identified environmental change, or climate change, as one of the primary causes...

This study examines human trafficking and its impact on child education. Human trafficking has had various effects on child education in most part of the world including Nigeria. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to explore the relationship between human trafficking and child education, the causes of human trafficking, the effects of h...

Out of the many issues confronting the world today, gender issues are one of them. These issues manifest in the discrepancies between the rights, potentials, and roles of men and women in patriarchal societies, which are founded on stereotypes, inequality and inequity through the entrenchment of the rights of women. While Western societies have mad...

The United Nations was established by the Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of 50 countries and there are currently 193 UN Member States. Each of the Member States of the United Nations has one seat in the General Assembly. The Organization...

This study examines human trafficking and its impact on child education. Human trafficking has had various effects on child education. On this note, the major aim of this work was to explore the relationship between human trafficking and child education, the causes of human trafficking, the effects of human trafficking on child education and ways t...

Good governance and accountability, amongst others, are hallmarks of a democratic system of government, practiced by most African countries. At the inception of democracy in most African nations, political parties were formed according to constitutional laws, and eligible candidates were voted into political office through elections. African politi...

Security threats in West Africa due to the activities of illegal migrants, smugglers, drug/human traffickers and the recently jihadist movements have provoked serious concerns across nations in the sub-region, including Nigeria. Cross-border crimes comprises of illegal and notorious activities carried out by individuals and groups across national a...

It is well known that as a reaction to the pandemic, governments initiated restrictions of movements and imposed a lockdown within every home in the world as a necessary step towards controlling the infection rate. This action of separation of people from one another, known as social distancing has had far-reaching repercussions for the social life...

Objective: Employees are organisations resources because without them, an organisation cannot function, employees are thereby dependent on their employers for both a place to work and the execution of their own disciplined practices to guarantee their welfare. One of the components of the welfare in an organisation is the provision of maternity lea...

Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal the symbiotic relationship between environmental change and the hazards it poses to people, nation-states, and society, and to put environmental security studies squarely on the minds of security scholars and practitioners everywhere. The study concluded that environmental security is not only a worthwh...

Human trafficking is widely recognized as a form of contemporary slavery with a range of socioeconomic ramifications. In Nigeria, this form of contemporary slavery is common. Nigeria, regrettably, is a source, transit, and destination country for trafficking, which is a disgusting position to hold. With the associated effects and implications on pe...

Through the use of the internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrime...

History has it that the British once colonized Nigeria, South Africa, and India amongst others. South Africa and India, to a very great extent, have standardized their naming system while Nigeria is yet to standardize its naming system even though it is a common practice for Nigerians to start with their surnames or last names. Name arrangement and...

A good attempt has been made in the study which covers a comparative study of Nigeria and Cameroon's defence policies. In carrying out this task, three fundamental objectives were set out, that examined comparatively the force posture, decision making and weapon acquisition of Nigeria and Cameroon. In course of the study, secondary materials were u...

African Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century: Theories, Perspectives, and Issues edited by Emeka C. Iloh, Ernest T. Aniche, and Stephen N. Azom fills the gap in the discourses on African political economy from an African perspective. Since the end of colonialism in the second half of the twenty-first century, a wide-ranging debate has open...

Social media serves as a powerful tool for politicians to engage with voters and drive the conversation in their favor. Still, the authenticity and accuracy of online information can be questionable as there are currently no mechanisms in place to regulate or sanction the spread of false or misleading information on social media, making it even mor...

The Geneva Convention contains regulations that govern the conduct of war and the treatment of individuals affected by war. However, despite the existence of this regulation created to guide the conduct of hostilities and protect civilians in international and non-international armed conflict, there are still recorded cases of actions by state and...

An attempt was made in this paper to reflect on the transformation of war from 18th-century military engagements on the battlefield to the use of modern technology where wars are fought in decentralized ways from land, air, and sea with devastating impact on peace. The study becomes necessary to unveil how the relics of war with its multiplier effe...

Threats of disunity keep ravaging Nigeria's independence since 1960. The need for disintegration from the nation grows over time especially from the southeastern and south-southern regions of the country, and this eventually resulted in Nigeria's civil war of 1967-1970. Hostilities promoted by ethnic tensions are also higher than ever before. Insur...

Quality and quantity issues pose a serious threat to Nigeria's implementation of entrepreneurial education, placing African nations further apart from developed nations like Japan, the United States of America, and Great Britain. Poverty, unemployment, and quality and quantity of entrepreneurial education were all discussed in this paper. It also l...

Humanitarian intervention and Peace support operation has become an increasingly important and as well as turning into controversial topic over time. The Russian-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014, serves as a relevant case study for the discussion of humanitarian intervention and Peace support operation. The Russia-Ukraine war is a complex and pol...

This study investigates the governance of natural resources to promote socio-economic and people-centred development in Nigeria. The paper relied on secondary sources of data, focusing on the three main variables: conflict, politics and power. Nigeria is endowed with abundant natural resources, which accounts for about 65% of total tax revenue, dri...

Background: Nigeria is blessed with abundant natural resources, which accounts for over 65% of her total tax revenue, motivated mostly by an upsurge in export earnings from the oil and gas sector. Most of the resource-based conflicts are caught up by the unfair and inequitable distribution of benefits accruing to resources. The government and some...

Since the independence processes in the African continent, armed conflicts, peace, security and development has remain contesting issues that have raised concern and attention both at the national and international level. In recent years, most of these issues have heightened the tempo which has given rise to their strong deliberation in the region...

Democracy is recognized as the best kind of government since it allows for a high level of citizen participation in decision-making and policy creation through leaders. A key factor that determines democracy is the technique of selecting leaders, often known as the electoral process. The problem of leadership selection at all levels of government i...

The Geneva Convention establishes guidelines for the conduct of war and the protection of civilians. Nonetheless, the convention is still regularly broken in current wars. This research examines how effectively the Geneva Convention was observed during the conflict in Sudan. The findings reveal several instances of violations throughout the Sudan c...

The goal of developing a country's foreign policy is to advance and safeguard the country's national objectives. Therefore, the essence of this study is to analyse the principles of Nigeria's foreign policy in the context of the country's present socio-political realities. The study engaged secondary data, while the theory of Manifest Destiny was a...

An attempt was made in this paper to reflect on the transformation of war from 18th-century military engagements on the battlefield to the use of modern technology where wars are fought in decentralized ways from land, air, and sea with devastating impact on peace. The study becomes necessary to unveil how the relics of war with its multiplier effe...

Threats of disunity keep ravaging Nigeria’s independence since 1960. The need for disintegration from the nation grows over time especially from the south-eastern and southsouthern regions of the country, and this eventually resulted in Nigeria’s civil war of 1967-1970. Hostilities promoted by ethnic tensions are also higher than ever before. Insur...

This study investigates the governance of natural resources to promote socioeconomic and people-centred development in Nigeria. The paper relied on secondary sources of data, focusing on the three main variables: conflict, politics and power. Nigeria is endowed with abundant natural resources, which accounts for about 65% of total tax revenue, driv...

The security, economic, social and political disruptions of the state induced by the activities of organized crime has weakened the state's authority to carry out its expected functions of good governance. In Nigeria, the illegal activities of criminal cartel groups affect government's resources and its ability to enhance the welfare, basic human n...

The incidence of violent conflict and insecurity in Africa is evident and apparent. Armed conflicts have become a regular realism in Africa for so long and the continent is predominantly conflict-prone and has also accommodated more than one-third of international armed conflicts in the last few years. The resurgence of conflict in Africa after the...

The proliferation of small arms and light weapons is one of the major security challenges currently facing Nigeria, Africa and indeed the world in general. The trafficking and wide availability of these weapons fuel communal conflict, political instability and pose a threat, not only to national security, but also to sustainable development. The wi...

Human trafficking is globally recognised as modern day slavery with multifarious negative socioeconomic , legal and health implications. Besides drug trafficking and gun running, human trafficking has become a lucrative business globally and yields an estimate of US $32 million annually. Traffickers trade on human lives; subject them to gory and tr...

Trafficking in human beings is modern-day slavery and has become a widespread phenomenon mostly in Africa. Two hundred years after the abolition of the transAtlantic slave trade, the trafficking of African children continues unabated. Human trafficking has become a heinous transnational crime undertaken by highly organized syndicates. The syndicate...

The tension between Fulani herdsmen and farming communities has been in existence for many years, but has seen a dramatic escalation in recent times to include attacks, armed robbery, rape, kidnappings and killings by the nomads. They brutally kill natives of invaded farming communities including women and children in various states across the coun...

Nigeria's bilateral relation with China has been in place over a decade after Nigeria gained independence from the British realm. The Relationship has expanded both growing bilateral trade and strategic cooperation. It is within this basis that the Nigeria-China relations were examined focusing on the issues, challenges and prospects. A secondary m...

The presence of the People's Republic of China in the African continent has enormous implications for economic development. There is a general agreement that the relationship between China and Africa has both negative as well as positive ramifications, pointing to the imperatives of re-strategizing or re-positioning Africa to optimize its opportuni...

The recent attack on Ukraine by Russia on February 24, 2022 constitutes one of the biggest threats to both humanity and global economic growth in recent time since the end of the Cold War. The already stormy environment of global inflationary pressures amidst of rising cost of food and energy prices, disrupted financial market and supply chains fol...