Giuseppe Coratella

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Verified

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• Ph.D in Sport and Movement Science
• Professor (Associate) at University of Milan

Citation: Bartolomei, S.; Beato, M.; Coratella, G. Manipulating Resistance Exercise Variables to Improve Jumps, Sprints, and Changes of Direction in Soccer: What We Know and What We Don't Know. J. Funct. Morphol. Abstract: The present review summarizes the effects of manipulating different resistance exercise variables on jumps, sprints, and change...

The present study investigated muscle damage and repeated-bout effect after a typical Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) session. Thirteen trained male adults were recruited. Muscle damage was monitored through eccentric strength, passive range of motion (ROM), muscle soreness, and muscle swelling. Assessments were performed at baseline and one (day-1...

Featured Application This study provides valuable insights into the specific muscle contributions required for adopting and maintaining various postures during indoor skydiving. These findings are essential for preventing joint and muscle overloading in novices and for preparing elite practitioners for competitive choreography. Furthermore, a novel...

Purpose The current study compared the muscle excitation of the primary and stabilizer muscles during standing overhead press performed with either the barbell (barbell-OHP) or the kettlebells (kettlebell-OHP), using surface electromyography. Methods Ten male StrongFirst-certified instructors in the OHP, performed either the barbell-OHP or the ket...

Purpose: Cigarette smoking (CS) induces systemic changes that impair cardiorespiratory and muscular function both at rest and during exercise. Although these abnormalities are reported in sedentary, middle-aged smokers (SM) with pulmonary disease, few and controversial studies focused on young, physically active SM at the early stage of smoking his...

Aims Flywheel resistance training has become more integrated within resistance training programs in a variety of sports due to the neuromuscular, strength, and task-specific enhancements reported with this training. This paper aimed to present the consensus reached by internationally recognized experts during a meeting on current definitions and gu...

The appropriate use of predictive equations in estimating body composition through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) depends on the device used and the subject’s age, geographical ancestry, healthy status, physical activity level and sex. However, the presence of many isolated predictive equations in the literature makes the correct choice cha...

The current study compared the spatial excitation of the primary muscles during the lat pull-down exercise with the bar passing in front (front-LPD) or behind the neck (back-LPD) using high-density electromyography. Fourteen resistance trained men performed a front-LPD or a back-LPD within a non-fatiguing set with 8-RM as the external load. The mus...

Bartolomei, S, Caroli, E, Coloretti, V, Rosaci, G, Cortesi, M, and Coratella, G. Flat-back vs. arched-back bench press: Examining the different techniques performed by power athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The International Powerlifting Federation recently changed the regulations concerning the bench press (BP) technique, not all...

This study investigated the synergistic difference in the effect of stretching on electromechanical delay (EMD) and its components, using a simultaneous recording of electromyographic, mechanomyographic, and force signals. Twenty-six healthy men underwent plantar flexors passive stretching. Before and after stretching, the electrochemical and mecha...

Purpose To examined the time-course of the early and late phase of the rate of voluntary force development (RVFD) and muscle damage markers after downhill running. Methods Ten recreational runners performed a 30-min downhill run at 10 km h⁻¹ and −20% (−11.3°) on a motorized treadmill. At baseline and each day up to 4 days RVFD, knee extensors maxi...

Background Flywheel resistance training has become more integrated within resistance training programs in a variety of sports due to the neuromuscular, strength, and task-specific enhancements reported with this training. Objective This paper aimed to present the consensus reached by internationally recognized experts during a meeting on current d...

Background & aims: The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) represents a qualitative analysis of body composition. The vector, defined by resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) standardized by stature, can be evaluated compared to the 50%,75%, and 95% tolerance ellipses representative of the reference populations. The tolerance ellipses for h...

Recently, spatial adaptation of muscle excitability during sustained muscle voluntary contractions (MVC) up to fatigue has been reported, suggesting a functional muscle compartmentalization. Acute passive stretching (PS) can induce a reduction in surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude; however, it is not clear whether PS may decrease motor-unit...

The current study analyzed the excitation of biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and anterior deltoid during bilateral biceps curl performed with different handgrips. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed bilateral biceps curl in non-exhaustive 6-rep sets using 8-RM with the forearm in supinated, pronated, and neutral positions. The ascending and des...

The present study investigated the excitation of the biceps brachii and anterior deltoid during bilateral biceps curl performed using the straight vs. EZ barbell and with or without flexing the arms. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed bilateral biceps curl in non-exhaustive 6-rep sets using 8-RM in four variations: using the straight barbell fl...

Purpose The current study compared specific positional and temporal running performance profiles of elite and sub-elite hurling players during competitive match-play. Methods Running performance data were obtained during match-play using GPS technology (GPEXE lt 18 Hz, Exelio, srl, Udine, Italy) from 53 elite and 81 sub-elite hurlers resulting in...

Manipulating resistance training variables is crucial to plan the induced stimuli correctly. When reporting the exercise variables in resistance training protocols, sports scientists and practitioners often refer to the load lifted and the total number of repetitions. The present conceptual review explores all within-exercise variables that may inf...

Purpose: Voluntary activation determined by interpolation-twitch technique (VA) could be affected by the characteristics of the in-series elastic components. To overcome this possible bias, a novel approach based on the mechanomyographic (MMG) signal to detect voluntary activation (VAMMG) has been proposed. We examined the changes in VA and VAMMG...

Quantifying the highest intensity of competition (the maximal intensity period [MIP]) for varying durations in team sports has been used to identify training targets to inform the preparation of players. However, its usefulness has recently been questioned since it may still underestimate the training intensity required to produce specific physiolo...

The present study aimed to investigate the area per player (ApP) to replicate the technical and locomotor match demands using small-sided games (SSGs) in male soccer players (n=20) competing in major European and UEFA competitions. The relative number of each individual technical activity per minute (number·min-1; technical demands) was counted and...

Purpose: To evaluate the acute changes in the knee extensors maximum voluntary isometric contraction force (MVIC), rate of force development (RFD) and rate of EMG rise (RER) following a bout of downhill running. Methods: MVIC and RFD at 0-50, 50-100, 100-200 and 0-200 ms were determined in thirteen men (22 ± 2 yr) before and after 30-min of downhil...

Overhead press is commonly performed to reinforce the muscles surrounding the shoulders. However, many overhead press variations can be executed, thus varying the stimuli to each muscle. Therefore, the current study compared the muscles excitation during overhead press performed with the barbell passing in front or behind the head or using a should...

The current study investigated the optimal ApP to replicate both the technical and locomotor match demands using SSGs in elite soccer players. Twenty soccer players competing in major European and UEFA competitions were monitored during different SSGs formats (n=24) and official matches (n=28). The relative number of technical activities (number·mi...

Practical maps to replicate the 4-min maximal official match demands using small-sided games in elite soccer. It describes the pitch sizes that should be utilised for mimicking match demands using different numbers of players a-side. If interested see the attached map.

These are some practical information to design different SSGs without GK to replicate the 4 minute match-derived maximal intensities.

These are some practical information to design different SSGs without GK to replicate the 4 minute match-derived maximal intensities.

Practical maps to replicate the 90-min official match demands using small-sided games in elite soccer. It describes the pitch sizes that should be utilised for mimicking match demands using different numbers of players a-side. If interested see the attached map.

Purpose Drawing on correlations between the mechanomyographic (MMG) and the force signal, we devised a novel approach based on MMG signal analysis to detect voluntary activation (VA) of the synergistic superficial heads of the quadriceps muscle. We hypothesized that, after a fatiguing exercise, the changes in the evoked MMG signal of each quadricep...

Purpose We investigated the acute and chronic effects of oral splint on muscle strength-endurance performance and body flexibility. Methods Twelve Pilates practitioners (age 49.5 ± 5.8 years; mass 58.6 ± 6.5 kg) were evaluated with (OS) and without (CTRL) oral splint. Before (PRE) and after (POST) 8 weeks of oral splint usage during Pilates activi...

Objective : This study aimed to test whether athlete-specific bioelectrical impedance-based equations for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) could be more accurate than generalized equations when testing resistance-trained exercisers. Methods : Fifty resistance-trained men (age 30.9±7.4 years, BMI 25.3±2.2 kg/m²) and twenty men from the general popula...

Riboli, A, Esposito, F, and Coratella, G. Small-sided games in elite football: practical solutions to replicate the 4-min match-derived maximal intensities. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2022-The purpose of the study was to determine the area per player (ApP, m2·player-1) to replicate the maximal 4-min match-play period (4-minPeak) using smal...

The current randomized controlled study investigated whether or not the inclusion of the eccentric phase in resistance training favors the contralateral strength gains after different unilateral protocols, and whether such gains are retained after detraining. Sixty healthy women were randomly assigned to a unilateral concentric-only (CONC), eccentr...

The present systematic review aimed to compare the accuracy of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) vs. reference methods for the assessment of body composition in athletes. Studies were identified based on a systematic search of internationally electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) and hand s...

The present study examined the posterior chain muscle excitation in different deadlift variations. Ten competitive bodybuilders (training seniority of 10.6 ± 1.8 years) performed the Romanian (RD), Romanian standing on a step (step-RD), and stiff-leg deadlift (SD) with an 80% 1-RM. The excitation of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femor...

Purpose The current study aimed to investigate the sprint performances of senior Camogie players between halves of play and between positions. Methods Forty-three (n = 43) elite female Camogie players (23 ± 5 years; 174 ± 5 cm; 68 ± 9 kg) wore 10-Hz GPS devices (STATSports, Apex) to record data in 20 competitive matches during the 2018–2020 season...

The current definitions of athlete identify people engaged in competitive sporting events individually or in teams, with high physical performance and specific training methods. However, this excludes a wide range of individuals who train recreationally but may still present body composition characteristics similar to those of an athlete. When body...

Simple Summary In 2020, the first Italian soccer league (Serie A) was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, a detraining process was triggered in soccer players, leading coaches and sports scientists to implement alternative training strategies to prevent a remodeling in body composition. This study tested the hypothesis that male el...

In small-sided games (SSGs), the area per player (ApP, m2player-1) was suggested to combine the pitch-size and number of players.1,2,3,4 An ApP ~250 to 300 m2/player-1 was suggested to induce internal/external load responses near to the individual maximal capacities, to replicate official match locomotor and cardiovascular responses and to simulat...

Purpose Continuous incremental protocols (CP) may misestimate the maximum aerobic velocity (Vmax) due to increases in running speed faster than cardiorespiratory/metabolic adjustments. A higher aerobic capacity may mitigate this issue due to faster pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) kinetics. Therefore, this study aimed to compare three different proto...

Background: To investigate whether or not SSGs could be used to evaluate the aerobic fitness status and the longitudinal training-induced adaptations in football players. Additionally, the capacity of SSGs to recreate the official match demands was investigated. Methods: Twenty-five elite football players were monitored. Total distance (TD), hig...

Purpose: The current study compared the local and systemic vascular responsiveness after small muscle mass endurance training or passive stretching training (PST). Methods: Thirty-six sex-matched healthy participants underwent 8-week single-leg knee extension (SLKE) (N = 12) training or PST (N = 12), or no intervention (control, N = 12). Before...

Abstract The current study aimed to investigate the differences in running demands between the National Hurling League (NHL) and the Championship, and within playing positions. GPS (10 Hz, STATSports Apex GNSS) were used to analyse the running demands during 34 games (2017–2020 seasons) of the Championship and the NHL. The running demands (total-,...

Aim: Time-motion analysis in young soccer players is used to determine external loads during matches of different categories (Harley et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to compare the external load during official matches in young élite soccer players from U15 to U19. Methods: Sixty-two élite young soccer players were monitored by GPS (10 Hz;...

The current study aimed to verify whether or not passive static stretching affects balance control capacity. Thirty-eight participants (19 women and 19 men) underwent a passive static stretching session, involving the knee extensor/flexor and dorsi/plantarflexor muscles, and a control session (no stretching, CTRL). Before (PRE), immediately after (...

(1) Background: the present study examined the isokinetic peak torque exerted by both knee extensors and flexors, anterior–posterior imbalance and the magnitude and direction of inter-limb asymmetry in professional and academy soccer players. (2) Methods: one hundred soccer players (professional = 50, elite academy = 50) volunteered to take part in...

PurposeThe current study examined the match-play running performances and positional differences between ball-in-play (BiP) and ball-out-of-play (BoP) in elite senior hurling.Methods Players (n = 44) were divided into full-backs, half-backs, midfielders, half-forwards and full-forwards. GPS (STATSports APEX, 10 Hz,) was used to record players’ move...

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of traditional resistance training compared to elastic tubes training on bioimpedance vector patterns, body composition, and strength in older women. Thirty-eight older women (age 68.7 ± 6.9 years, body mass index 28.8 ± 7.2 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to perform traditional resistance or elastic...

The current study aimed: i) to external-validate total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) derived from athlete and non-athlete predictive equations using radioisotope-dilution techniques as a reference criterion in male and female athletes; ii) in a larger sample, to determine the agreement between specific and generalized equations whe...

To determine the area-per-player (ApP, m2player) in small- or large-sided games to replicate the official match demands in elite youth soccer players. Two-hundred-twenty-eight players (U15=36, U16=48, U17=49, U18=37 and U19=58) were monitored during both training (12183 individual-samples) and match (683 individual-samples) across five seasons. Re...

The aims of the current systematic review were to evaluate the current literature surrounding the chronic effect of flywheel training on the physical capacities of soccer players, and to identify areas for future research to establish guidelines for its use. Studies were identified following a search of electronic databases (PubMed and SPORTDiscus)...

Purpose The present study investigated whether or not passive stretching increases the force-generating capacity of the antagonist muscle, and the possible neuromuscular mechanisms behind. Methods To this purpose, the neuromuscular function accompanying the force-generating capacity was assessed in 26 healthy male volunteers after passive stretchi...

The current investigation examined the effect of a periodized small-sided games (SSG) intervention across a 4-week pre-season period on physical and physiological performance measures within hurling players. Twenty-five (n = 25) hurling players were observed across the training intervention with GPS and HR technologies. Players participated in 12 s...

Purpose We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of passive static stretching training (PST) on force-generating capacity, passive stiffness, muscle architecture of plantarflexor muscles. Methods Thirty healthy adults participated in the study. Fifteen participants (STR, 6 women, 9 men) underwent 12-week plantarflexor muscles PST [(5 × 45 s-on/15 s...

Purpose: To examine whether menstrual cycle affects body composition and bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) patterns, jumping and sprinting ability, and flexibility in elite soccer players. Methods: A total of 20 elite female soccer players (age: 23.8 [3.4] y, height: 1.63 [0.04] m, body mass: 61.4 [5.9] kg, and body mass index: 22.5 [2.4] kg/m...

Body composition is acknowledged as a determinant of athletic health and performance. Its assessment is crucial in evaluating the efficiency of a diet or aspects related to the nutritional status of the athlete. Despite the methods traditionally used to assess body composition, bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) and bioelectric impedance vector a...

Purpose: The current study investigated the effects of unilateral passive stretching on the neuromuscular mechanisms involved in the force-generating capacity of the contralateral muscle. Methods: Twenty-six healthy men underwent unilateral passive stretching of the plantar flexors (5 x 45-s on+15s-off, total stretching time: 225 s). Before and...

Coratella, G, Beato, M, Bertinato, L, Milanese, C, Venturelli, M, and Schena, F. Including the eccentric phase in resistance training to counteract the effects of detraining in women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2021-The current study compared the effects of concentric-based (CONC), eccentric-based (ECC), and...

To determine the distribution of match-activities relative to maximum intensities during official match in elite soccer players. One hundred and forty-eight Italian Serie A soccer players were monitored during 46 official matches (680 individual-samples). Total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), very high-speed running (VHSR), sprint, acceler...

Purpose Camogie is one of the most popular female sports in Ireland, yet the demands of match-play are unknown. The current study aimed to examine the match-play running performance of elite Camogie players between halves of play and playing positions.MethodsGPS (STATSports, Apex 10-Hz) collected data from 36 players (23 ± 4 years, height: 168 ± 5...

To compare three different protocols to assess the velocity associated with the maximal oxygen uptake (Vmax) in soccer players. Sixteen semi-professional soccer players performed three maximum incremental tests on treadmill: two continuous protocols [1 km·h⁻¹·min⁻¹ (CP1); and 1 km·h⁻¹ every 2 min (CP2)], and one discontinuous (DP) protocol to deter...

The aim of the current study was to identify the specific differences in anthropometric and performance profiles between elite and sub-elite hurling players with respect to position and level of play. One hundred and thirty-seven (n = 137) hurlers at the elite (n = 61) and sub-elite (n = 76) level completed a series of anthropometric [height, body...

The present study investigated the activation of gluteal, thigh, and lower back muscles in different squat variations. Ten male competitive bodybuilders perform back-squat at full (full-BS) or parallel (parallel-BS) depth, using large feet-stance (sumo-BS), and enhancing the feet external rotation (external-rotated-sumo-BS) and front-squat (FS) at...

This study described the decrement in accelerations, decelerations and dynamic stress load (DSL) between quarters in elite hurling. GPS (10-Hz) were used to record data from 42 players over 22 games (2018–2020 season). The number of accelerations and decelerations and DSL between quarters were assessed. Accelerations and decelerations were greater...

Since the COVID-19 restrictions, hurling games have been played in four quarters instead of two halves. This study described the decrement in running performance between quarters in elite hurling. GPS (10 Hz) were used to collect data from 48 players over 20 games during 2018–2020 season. Total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), high-metaboli...

The present study investigated whether or not verbal instruction affects the electromyographic (EMG) amplitude of back-squat prime movers. Fifteen resistance-trained men performed back-squat at 50%1-RM and 80%1-RM and received external (EF) or internal focus (IF) on lower-limb posterior muscles. EMG amplitude of gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, gas...

Background: Chronic supplementation with carnosine and β-alanine (Carn-βA) has been proposed to improve muscle contractility and reduce muscle fatigue mainly through an increase in intracellular pH buffering capacity. However, the acute ergogenic effects of Carn-βA supplementation are poorly investigated. This study aimed at evaluating the acute e...

The current study determined the area-per-player during small- or large-sided games with or without goalkeeper that replicates the relative (m·min⁻¹) total distance, high-intensity running distance, sprint distance and metabolic power covered during official matches. Time-motion analysis was performed on twenty-five elite soccer-players during 26 h...

This study examined the most demanding passages of match play (MDP) and the effects of playing formation, ball-in-play (BiP) time and ball possession on the 1-min peak (1-minpeak) demand in elite soccer. During 18 official matches, 305 individual samples from 223 Italian Serie A soccer players were collected. MDP and 1-minpeak were calculated acros...

The present study examined the muscle activation in lateral raise with humerus rotated externally (LR-external), neutrally (LR-neutral), internally (LR-internal), with flexed elbow (LR-flexed) and frontal raise during both the concentric and eccentric phase. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed the exercises. Normalized surface electromyographic...

The present study investigated the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings torque after flywheel (FW)-squat vs. FW-deadlift in comparison to a control condition. Fifteen male athletes were enrolled in this randomised, crossover study. Each protocol consisted of 3 sets of 6 repetitions, with an inertial...

Purpose: The Wingate Anaerobic Test measures the maximum anaerobic capacity of the lower limbs. The energy sources of Wingate test are dominated by anaerobic metabolism (~80%). Chronic high altitude exposure induces adaptations on skeletal muscle function and metabolism. Therefore, the study aim was to investigate possible changes in the energy sys...

Key points Vascular function and arterial stiffness are important markers of cardiovascular health and cardiovascular co‐morbidity. Transitional phases of hypoemia and hypermia, with consequent fluctuations in shear rate, occuring during repetitive passive stretching adminstration (passive stretching training) may constitute an effective stimulus t...

The effect of sleep–wake rhythm disruption on neuromuscular control and muscle fatigue has received little attention. Because nurse shift work is so varied, including overnight duty, rotating shift schedules, early awakening, and interrupted nocturnal sleep, it offers an interesting model to study this paradigm. It has been investigated so far usin...

The aim of the current investigation was to identify the effects of scheduled carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) supplementation on simulated team sport match-play performance. Ten male hurling players completed three hurling match-play simulation protocols (HSP) performed 7 days apart in a double-blind, randomized design. Supplementation includ...

Aim In lead climbing, the ascent of the route can be defined as on-sight or red-point. On-sight is the more challenging style since it demands greater physiological and psychological commitment. The differences between the two modes in advanced climbers have not been studied much. Two essential skills needed to optimize performance, in both on-sigh...

Objectives The current study investigated the correlation between quadriceps muscle architecture and the knee extension rate of force development (RFD). Design cross-sectional study. Methods Muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length normalized per the thigh-length were measured via ultrasound in vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastu...

The present study investigated the relationship between local fat percentage (SKfat) and muscle quality (MQ) estimated by a new hand-held electrical impedance myography (hEIM) device or derived from ultrasound and strength assessments. The right anterior thigh of 90 healthy participants (mean±SD; age=22.9±2.9 years; 46 men: BMI=23.9 ± 2.4 kgm-2 ; 4...

The cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to sinusoidal exercise, in which work rate follows an oscillating pattern, have been proposed to assess the effectiveness of the cardiorespiratory adjustments. The repetition of successive sinusoidal periods permits to simultaneously reduce the influence of random fluctuations and accentuate the underly...

Given the importance of the lower-limb strength and strength balance in soccer players and its relationship with injury prevention and performance, the present study compared quadriceps and hamstrings strength, the conventional (Hconc:Qconc), functional (Hecc:Qconc) hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio and inter-limb strength asymmetry in professional, e...

The current study determined the area-per-player during small- or large-sided games with or without goalkeeper that replicates the relative (m×min ⁻¹ ) total distance, high-intensity running distance, sprint distance and metabolic power covered during official matches. Time-motion analysis was performed on twenty-five élite soccer-players during 26...

Purpose: Whether or not the homologous contralateral muscle (CM) undergoes stretch-induced force reduction as the stretched muscle (SM) is still unclear. The neuromuscular and mechanical factors underlying the force reduction in CM and SM were investigated. Methods: Twenty-one participants underwent unilateral knee-extensors passive stretching....