Giuseppe Bogliani

University of Pavia | UNIPV · Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences

European ecosystems and species remain under pressure from intensive agriculture and forestry, fishing, pollution, urban sprawl, invasive species and climate change. This book provides a detailed description and critical analysis of nature conservation responses, achievements and failures, motivated by the concerning state of nature and missed biod...

La presenza e la distribuzione degli uccelli nidificanti in Italia sono cambiate negli ultimi decenni in misura rilevante come conseguenza di modificazioni ambientali, spesso indotte dall’uomo, dei cambiamenti climatici e culturali intervenuti. È quanto emerge da questo nuovo Atlante, che arriva quasi quattro decenni dopo il primo, che aveva copert...

Since climate change impacts are already occurring, urgent adaptive actions are necessary to avoid the worst damages. Regional authorities play an important role in adaptation, but they have few binding guidelines to carry out strategies and plans. Sectoral impacts and adaptive measures strongly differ between regions; therefore, specific results f...

It is one of the few university textbooks written entirely by Italian authors, who have often dealt with examples of research carried out in Italy. It is also intended for a wider audience. For further details, including the index: Si tratta di uno dei pochi libri di testo universitari, ma destinato anche a un pubblico più vasto, scritto interame...

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors may influence the activity budget of wild animals, resulting in a variation in the time spent in different activities among populations or individuals of the same species. In this study, we examined how extrinsic and intrinsic factors affect the behaviour of the alpine marmot (Marmota marmota), a hibernating social r...

A growing portion of woodlands worldwide is allocated to tree plantations. These are intensively managed and support significantly lower biodiversity than natural forests. However, given their rising extension and importance , understanding how to enhance the role of plantations in aiding biodiversity is crucial. In the present study, we assessed t...

Migration Strategies of Birds of Prey in Western Palearctic Edited By Michele Panuccio, Ugo Mellone, Nicolantonio Agostini Given their roles in the ecosystem, raptors are widely considered the flagship or umbrella species among birds. Most species undertake a seasonal journey that is impressive because of the length, and the imposing natural barr...

Flooded semi-natural grasslands are endangered ecosystems throughout Europe. In Italy, amongst flooded meadows, one special type called “marcita” is strongly threatened. It is a stable flooded grassland used to produce green forage even during winter months due to the thermal properties of water coming from springs and fountains that prevent the so...

We examined the characteristics of microhabitats selected by Western green lizards, Lacerta bilineata. Model selection was carried out with the Information-theoretic approach that focuses on the estimation of effect size and measures of its precision. Our results show that the Western green lizard selects positively sites with good shrub cover, nec...

Land-use changes, both in terms of land abandonment and intensification, have led to fragmentation and loss of traditional agricultural habitats. Extensive grazing is among the forms of land use that have undergone the greatest changes. This represents one of the main threats to biodiversity; consequently, a comprehensive overview about the impacts...

Using native seed mixtures to create or recover grassland habitats in rotation to crops or in strips surrounding fields is considered a cost-effective practice to enhance ecosystem resilience and agro-biodiversity. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of native hayseed mixtures on plant and microarthropod communities in an agricultura...

The White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis nivalis is assumed to be highly threatened by climate change, but this high elevation species has been little studied and the current breeding distribution is accurately known only for a minor portion of its range. Here, we provide a detailed and spatially explicit identification of the potentially...

Characterizing the genetic outfit of a species is fundamental to evaluate its status and devise optimal conservation plans to maintain or enhance the viability of its populations. The greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) underwent declines across Europe over the 20 th century and was thus listed in the EU Habitat Directive and the spec...

In Europe land use change has produced loss and fragmentation of the original forest habitat. On the other hand, the area covered by tree plantations and altered stands dominated by exotic tree species is increasing. Forest specialist birds are considered to be among the best candidates to assess the consequences of this transformation on wildlife....

In order to redefine the Ecological Network of the Province of Novara on the basis of solid naturalistic principles and in a participatory way, a multidisciplinary group worked by integrating two different approaches: the Expert based method, developed thanks to previous projects in the neighboring provinces of Varese (Lombardy Region) and Verbano-...

Interspecific interactions are crucial in determining species occurrence and community assembly. Understanding these interactions is thus essential for correctly predicting species' responses to climate change. We focussed on an avian forest guild of four hole-nesting species with differing sensitivities to climate, that show a range of well-unders...

[Wetlands are extremely important ecosystems for supporting biodiversity and providing services. Nonetheless, although they are mostly protected through several regulations, wetlands are affected by many negative factors that are leading to progressive deterioration of their conservation status. This circumstance is especially obvious in the Contin...

In recent decades, upland hay-meadows underwent large transformations due to the modernization of livestock husbandry system. Such changes impacted on biodiversity, but their consequences on the upper levels of the food web (e.g. birds) are largely unknown. Grassland specialists could respond differently to landscape structure and management practi...

During breeding, parents of avian species must increase their foraging efforts to collect food for their offspring, besides themselves. Foraging trips are thus a key aspect of the foraging ecology of central-place foragers when rearing their offspring. However, studies of the foraging ecology of high-elevation specialists inhabiting harsh environme...

The introduction of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) can modify plant-soil feedback, resulting in an alteration of the abiotic and biotic characteristics of ecosystems. Prunus serotina, Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia are IAPS of European temperate forests, where they can become dominant and suppress the native biodiversity. Assuming that...

La biologia riproduttiva del rondone comune (Apus apus) è ampiamente studiata, tuttavia restano scarsi gli studi basati su serie di dati pluriennali raccolti su singoli individui. Dal 2017 LIPU e Comune di Jerago con Orago (VA) collaborano nel monitoraggio e nella conservazione della colonia di rondone comune presente nell’edificio del municipio, c...

During migration soaring birds select areas where they can successfully use atmospheric uplifts to gain altitude and reducing the amount of energy used for flapping flight. We analysed radar data collected on the Calabrian side of the Strait of Messina during three different spring seasons (2015-2017). This study aims to identify environmental ch...

Inland wetlands are crucial for biodiversity conservation, especially in highly-urbanized landscapes. In the European Union, many wetlands are included in the EU ‘Natura 2000’ network, the main tool for biodiversity conservation over the continent, which requires the development of site-specific management plans. Clear and feasible recommendations...

Land use changes in Europe has produced forest loss, fragmentation and degradation. These have mainly occurred in lowlands and along rivers. A typical inhabitant of lowland forests is the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, a tiny forest specialist woodpecker widespread in Europe. Whereas its conservation status is overall good, in some regions the species...

Fish stocking is a serious threat to originally fishless mountain lakes. We used non-chemical eradication methods (i.e. gillnetting and electrofishing) in four high mountain lakes in the Gran Paradiso National Park (Western Italian Alps) to eradicate alien brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Data of amphibians, macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, chlor...

Paddy systems have recently lost their original value as surrogate habitat for several wetland species due to rice farming intensification. Changes in water regimes largely compromised the survival of many aquatic organisms formerly abundant in rice fields, such as Odonata, inducing the introduction of new agricultural practices supposed to mitigat...

Our aim is to model rare species (with few occurrences) but modelling the distribution of species with few occurrence data and many predictor variables leads to model overfitting. Thus, we use the recently developed ensemble of small models, which showed high predictive accuracy in modelling the distribution of rare species to estimate the current...

Migrating birds adjust their behaviour in order to reach their final destination safely and in a timely manner. In doing so, they fly at different altitudes, but unlike passerines, raptors do not explore all air levels searching for the best tailwind assistance. Soaring species migrate over the mainland using updrafts to optimize soaring-gliding fl...

Different weather conditions are known to affect bird migration, yet the influence of fog and low clouds on migrating birds has been rarely examined so far, and hence, their impact on bird movement is not well understood. Fog avoidance could be a consequence of visual limitations within the fog or may be the outcome of deteriorated soaring conditio...

Capsule: Fine-scale use of climate-sensitive habitats by White-winged Snowfinches Montifringilla nivalis is affected by landscape composition, which thus modulates the potential impact of climate change. Aims: To explore the fine-scale habitat use for foraging by breeding White-winged Snowfinches, with the aim of identifying the potential impacts o...

Semi‐natural grasslands are among the richest European ecosystems in terms of biodiversity. However, they have been severely affected by farming intensification and land abandonment, which have been both exacerbated by the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy ( CAP ). The most recent CAP included a “greening” measure dedicated to grassland c...

Agricultural intensification through landscape homogenization has been identified as one of the main drivers of the recent biodiversity decline in European farmlands. In particular, the loss of non-cropped habitats has often deprived farmland species of feeding and nesting sites, refuge areas, and dispersal corridors. In this framework, well-manage...

The Black Kite (Milvus migrans) is a widespread species in the Western Palearctic, despite population declines in different areas of its range. At the end of the breeding season European Black Kites migrate towards Africa concentrating at the two main bottlenecks of the Afro-Palearctic migratory system. Tens of thousand individuals are counted at t...

In this article we present the results of a multitaxa and expert based methodology aimed at the identification of Priority Areas for Biodiversity Conservation in the Province of Verbano Cusio Ossola (VCO), located in North Eastern Piedmont, Italy. The multitaxa approach was based on the selection of focal species and habitats that were considered i...

Since the 1970s, the crested porcupine Hystrix cristata has shown a marked range expansion in Italy. A web page has been created to collect occurrences of this species to monitor its distribution redefinition. Thus, aims of this work were (i) to identify the main predictors promoting the distribution of this large rodent in Italy and (ii) to predic...

Capsule: Raptor migration attracts the interest for different reasons, but not all raptor counts achieve the goal of repeatability through the use of standardized field protocols, and this does not allow comparisons of data to be made across years and sites. Aims: We analysed migrating raptor count activities in Italy to verify the interest on this...

Rice fields represent a valuable surrogate habitat for many wetland species, playing an important role for biodiversity conservation in human-managed landscapes. Despite the fact that several taxonomic groups have been thoroughly investigated in this agroecosystem, little is known about the orthopteran fauna which lives in and around rice paddies,...

The majority of predictions about the impacts of climate change on wildlife have relied either on the study of species' physiological tolerance or on broad-scale distribution models. In comparison, little attention has been paid to species' mechanistic responses to fine-grained, climate-induced modifications of habitat suitability. However, such st...

Ambrosiaartemisiifolia (common ragweed) is an invasive species native to North America and was accidentally introduced to Europe in the 19 th century. Widespread in disturbed habitats, it is a major weed in spring-sown crops and it causes serious allergic rhinitis and asthma due to its allergenic pollen. The aim of this research was to analyse the...

Agriculture, during its millenarian history, had contributed to shape impressive cultural landscapes; however, in recent decades, many of these have been lost or degraded because of widespread intensification or abandon-ment. Low-intensive agricultural landscapes are of utmost importance for biodiversity conservation and the delivery of cultural ec...

Sull’arco alpino gli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici hanno già causato importanti alterazioni ad habitat e specie. In Italia specie legate ad ambienti freddi hanno subito contrazioni di areale più forti rispetto a specie legate ad ambienti caldi. Il fringuello alpino Montifringilla nivalis è nidificante su Alpi e Appennini in habitat alpini, sub-...

Bird mortality is much higher during migration than during other times of the year and several mortality events are caused by adverse weather conditions encountered en route (Newton 2007). Rain, in particular, can strongly affect bird movements by forcing migrants to land or to make detours. A negative correlation between rainy nights and the relat...

L’attività venatoria nelle aree risicole è una pratica molto diffusa, soprattutto nei confronti degli uccelli acquatici migratori e svernanti, spesso attirati nei pressi delle postazioni di caccia tramite l’allagamento post-raccolto delle risaie. Nei mesi freddi, infatti, l’avifauna tende a frequentare maggiormente i campi allagati rispetto a quell...

Il Mediterraneo centrale rappresenta una delle principali rotte migratorie utilizzate dagli uccelli che si muovono tra l'Africa e l'Europa (Zalles & Bildstein 2000). In quest'area lo Stretto di Messina rappresenta il luogo in cui convergono il maggior numero di individui in migrazione sia durante la primavera sia durante l'autunno. Lo Stretto diven...

In intensive farmland, it is often difficult to find charismatic and evocative species to serve as a flagship to inspire conservation actions and awareness. Here, 'non-traditional' flagship species may play a fundamental role in promoting more sustainable and biodiversity-friendly agriculture and achieving conservation targets in this strongly arti...

Urbanisation and the spread of agriculture have resulted in high levels of forest loss, habitat fragmentation and degradation in many regions of the world. In Italy, the Po Plain is the most human-dominated landscape of the country and, after decades of exploitation, old-growth forests have been reduced to small and isolated patches, often threaten...

The Wryneck Jynx torquilla has undergone one of the largest bird species’ declines in Europe as a consequence of agricultural intensification; however, in some regions it still occurs in intensively managed permanent crops (e.g. vineyards). Considering the conservation status of the Wryneck and the increasing extent and intensification of permanent...

This research has identified the Priority Areas for Biodiversity Conservation for the Province of Novara, Piedmont Region, Italy, as a baseline for planning the Provincial Ecological Network. 26 expert naturalists participated in this operation by sharing their personal knowledge about the territory of the province of Novara for the following six t...

Abstract. Negative effects of urban sprawl on biodiversity are widely recognised, but information on how to counteract such effects are still scarce, especially for urban ecosystems in mountain regions. We evaluated the effect of land-use and topography on the occurrence of eight passerine species in five urbanized study areas in the Italian Alps,...

At present only one Italian population of Nehalennia speciosa is known in the northeast of the country, while two populations in the northwest became extinct in the 1980s. In 2016 the authors discovered a further population of N. speciosa in a peat bog in north-western Italy. The implementation of a monitoring program both at the local and nationa...

Il progetto “Rice for Life”, promosso da Lipu Birdlife Italia e dall’Università di Pavia, in collaborazione con Parboriz SpA e Unilever, è stato sviluppato con l'obiettivo di produrre di linee guida per gli agricoltori, finalizzate all’applicazione di pratiche agricole utili a conservare ed incrementare la biodiversità negli agro-ecosistemi risicol...

Urbanization and the spread of agriculture have resulted in high levels of forest loss, natural habitat fragmentation and degradation in many regions of the world. In Italy, the Po Plain is the most human-dominated landscape of the country. In this area, old-growth forests are reduced to small and isolated patches after decades of exploitations and...

Biodiversity conservation and the optimisation of other ecosystem service delivery as a contribution to human well-being are often tackled asmutually alternative targets.Modern agriculture is a great challenge for the fulfilment of both. Here, we explore the potential benefits of integrating biodiversity conservation and the preservation of wider e...

Aim: Human-induced climate change requires conservation strategies incorporating its potential effects on species and communities. Key components of population persistence can be attributed to resistance (the capacity to remain unaffected) or resilience (capacity to absorb and recover) to climate change. In situ climatic refugia can act as resistan...

Climate change is threatening species and habitats. Altitudinal shifts uphill and negative population trends are commonly observed in altitude-related taxa. The bumblebee Bombus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) has a disjoint distribution restricted to Fennoscandia and the Alps, and is considered threatened. We studied the ecology and distribution of B. al...

Habitat loss and degradation are main global threats to biodiversity, and land-use changes in agriculture-dominated landscapes are crucial for an important portion of biodiversity, especially in Europe. We evaluated the effects of land-use changes (1954–2012) on a threatened species, the ortolan bunting, in an agricultural area crucial for its cons...

Abstract The European Common Agricultural Policy has promoted the intensification of productive olive orchards and the abandonment of the unproductive ones. This strategy has resulted in a significant loss of biodiversity and ecosystem functionality of this type of agroecosystem. Here, we studied the blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, a common frugivorou...