Giti Ozgoli

• ph.D
• Professor (Assistant) at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

Synopsis In a meta-analysis of 22 studies enrolling 11 457 women of reproductive age, the overall estimated prevalence of dyspareunia was 35%. Abstract Background: Dyspareunia is one of the most common postpartum sexual dysfunctions. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of postpartum dyspareunia. Search strategy: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, a...

Synopsis In a meta-analysis of 22 studies enrolling 11 457 women of reproductive age, the overall estimated prevalence of dyspareunia was 35%. Abstract Background: Dyspareunia is one of the most common postpartum sexual dysfunctions. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of postpartum dyspareunia. Search strategy: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, a...

Background Sexual problems and diminished sexual quality of life can adversely affect the physical, psychological, and emotional health of women. The present study was done to determine the social intermediate factors of health associated with sexual quality of life in women of reproductive age. Design Systematic review and Meta-analysis. Data so...

BACKGROUND The Promotion of sexual health has been emphasized in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As a primary prevention strategy, the promotion of sexual knowledge can reduce the incidence of postnatal sexual disorders. This study aimed to develop an educational guide for postpartum sexual health promotion. MATERIALS AND METHODS This qualit...

Background: Pregnancy is one of the most sensitive periods in a woman’s life, which sexual activity and intercourse are affected by the variations in physical, hormonal, and mental conditions. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the variations in sexual response before and during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sect...

Nowadays, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and cognitive dysfunction are major health problems among female. This narrative review aimed to investigate cognitive dysfunction in female with PCOS. English and Persian articles published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Scientific Information Database, and Cochrane Database...

Purpose: This study aimed to compare body image concerns in adolescents with and without PCOS. Design and methods: This cross-sectional study included 1076 adolescents, including 344 with PCOS and 732 without PCOS. The participants were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire that included demographic and reproductive parameters and the...

Several health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires for adults with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been developed so far. However, an adolescent-specific HRQOL questionnaire for PCOS patients is still lacking. Hence, this study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess HRQOL in adolescents with PCOS. This mixed-method...

Background Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) causes obesity, chronic diseases, and occurring adverse maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes. Given the social factors’ effect on health and disease and considering the lack of information on social determinants of health (SDH) effects on PPWR, this study was conducted to survey the relationship between...

Background: Vaginismus is known as a type of sexual pain disorder. Regarding the multifactorial nature of vaginismus, the biopsychosocial model is one of the best models to describe this sexual disorder. Aim: The present research was conducted to study the determinants of sexual function in women with and without vaginismus based on the biopsych...

Purpose: To investigate the direct and indirect effects of demographic characteristics, relationship satisfaction, and psychological factors on female sexual distress (FSD) using path analysis. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in two stages. Initially we obtained the FSD predictor factor's conceptual model through a literature rev...

Objectives: Educational status affects all aspects of life, including sex life. Regarding the relationship between women’s sexual satisfaction and their education level, contradictory results have been obtained so far. This systematic review aimed to summarize the existing knowledge in this area. Methods: In this study, three electronic databases,...

Background: Evidence has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic can have unpleasant side effects for pregnant women and fetuses. Therefore, vaccination of pregnant women was performed to make this group safe. In order to consolidate the existing knowledge about the effectiveness and consequences of pregnancy in women who underwent this vaccination, this...

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Sexual Health Scale for Middle-Aged sexually active women (SHIMA). Methods: This study was a sequential exploratory study consisting of two phases. In phase one, we interviewed 19 middle-aged women and reviewed the existing instruments to generate an item pool. Then, a panel of...

Background To improve the sexual-reproductive health (SRH) of women with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), plans should be formulated on the basis of the existing situation. The situation can be examined by a valid tool conforming to the specific domains of SRH in the target group. The present study seeks to develop and assess the psychometric prope...

Objectives: Quality of sexual life can be influenced by cultural and social contexts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between structural determinants of health (such as education, income level, job, culture, and ethnicity) and quality of sexual life in women. Methods: In this systematic review, we searched six databases, including...

Background It is now more common for fathers to participate in labour and childbirth in Iran. As such, it is essential to examine their experiences in order to empower maternal care specialists to meet fathers' and mothers' needs more effectively. This study aimed to examine first-time fathers' experiences attending labour and birth. Methods This...

Background Breast cancer (BC) patients face various physical and psychological challenges. The mutual impacts of patients and caregivers on each other show the need for further supportive care from the community and family. This study aimed to identify the predictors of the direct and indirect relationships of the duration of cancer (CANCERT) and c...

Background & aim: Research has demonstrated the negative effects of type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on the female sexual health and reproductive function. The present study was conducted to develop the concept of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in women with T1DM.Methods: This concept development was conducted by directed content analysis of r...

Background: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Sexual Health Instrument for Middle-Aged sexually active women (SHIMA). Methods: This study was a mixed exploratory study consisting of two phases. In phase one, we interviewed 19 middle-aged women and reviewed the existing instruments to generate an item pool. Then, a pan...

Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can profoundly influence different dimension of health such as sexual and reproductive health (SRH). The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Questionnaire for Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (SRHQ-WT1DM). Materials and Methods:...

Sexual problems are highly prevalent in postpartum period. This study aimed to review educational programs and counseling models which had addressed the postpartum sexual health. This narrative review was written based on the SANDRA checklist. A comprehensive search was performed in the international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, WebofScience,...

Background Eating Disorders (EDs) are defined by abnormal eating habits. The SCOFF (Sick-Control-One stone-Fat-Food) is a simple screening questionnaire for EDs. This study was conducted to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the SCOFF questionnaire in Iranian university students. Methods A total of 310 Iranian students of the Sh...

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is one of the most prevalent problems in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) that can have a negative impact on their sexual quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sexual health promotion package on SD and quality of sexual life in women with MS. This randomized clinical trial, was performed...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate Iranian women’s awareness of warning signs and risk factors for ovarian cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in Sanandaj and Kermanshah, Iran, in 2020 and 2021. In this study, 1081 women aged 18-70 years were selected as the sample to fill out the electronic version of th...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate Iranian women’s awareness of warning signs and risk factors for ovarian cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in Sanandaj and Kermanshah, Iran, in 2020 and 2021. In this study, 1081 women aged 18-70 years were selected as the sample to fill out the electronic version of th...

Background Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer potentially leads to sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in women and negatively affects their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed at determining the effect of PLISSIT based counseling on sexual function, sexual distress, and QoL in women surviving breast cancer. Methods In this pre-test,...

Background Postpartum pain contributes to increased irritability and excessive stress in the mother and consequently may inhibit successful breastfeeding, reduce a mother's ability to take care of her baby, and cause an imperfect mother-baby interaction. Evidence suggests the positive effect of ginger on reduction in uterus-associated pain. The obj...

Plain language summary As a sexual dysfunction, Vaginismus prevents sexual penetration through involuntary and frequent spasms of the muscles in the one-third of vagina's outer part. Factors such as negative beliefs about sex, cultural factors, fear of pain, injury, bleeding and so forth play significant roles in the prediction of vaginismus. There...

Background/Aims The presence of fathers during labour and birth can have favourable outcomes for the health of the mother, father and infant. However, there are few studies on fathers' experiences while being present during labour and birth, which necessitates the development of a valid questionnaire for this purpose. The aim of this study was to t...

BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction in women is a common disorder. Yet, there is no consensus on its treatment. Few studies have shown that Vitex agnus-castus improves sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women; the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of V. agnus-castus on the female sexual function in the reproductive age. MATERIALS AND...

Background: Because of the impact of prenatal care on the health of mothers and children, improving the quality of prenatal care is necessary. Improving the quality of care is not possible without users' comments. The purpose of this study was, then, to evaluate the psychometrics of the Quality of Prenatal Care Questionnaire (QPCQ) among Iranian mo...

Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is a factor that causes permanent obesity and subsequent chronic and noncommunicable diseases. The relationship between depression/stress/anxiety and PPWR has been studied in some articles, but there is no definitive conclusion in this regard. The present systematic review was conducted to investigate the relation...

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Vaginal Penetration Cognition Questionnaire (VPCQ). Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This research was conducted in two phases from June 2019 to February 2020. Phase I: The World Health Organization Protocol of forward–backward translation...

Objective: Marital satisfaction is considered as satisfaction with a marital relationship on which the presence of a child has different effects. Concerns about a childfree life and its effect on marital satisfaction in infertile couples are very critical. Therefore, this study was intended to characterize and compare concerns about a childfree lif...

Objective: Primary dysmenorrhea is believed to be common and associated with reduced quality of life among menstruating women. Recent studies have shown a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and the severity of primary dysmenorrhea. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain and systemic sy...

Background and objective Many studies have been conducted in Iran on the postpartum quality of life, and the majority have used the general quality of life questionnaire. With a specific tool in this context, the dimensions of maternal postpartum quality of life can be more accurately determined. The present study was conducted to determine psychom...

Background: Breast cancer patients face various material, physical and psychological problems. The growing trend of breast cancer in Iran, the referral of patients in the advanced stages of the disease, and the mutual impact of patients and caregivers on each other show the need for further supportive care from the community and family. This study...

Background Breast cancer patients face various material, and the mutual impact of patients and caregivers on each other show the need for further supportive care from the community and family. This study aimed to identify the predictors of the direct and indirect relationships of the duration of cancer and care time with the supportive needs of the...

Background: Sexual dysfunction is potential abnormality in the ability of a person to sexual respond or enjoy sexual experience. During pregnancy, sexual function is at risk and disorder due to physical, hormonal and psychological changes. The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction is very variable during pregnancy. Objective: The aim of this s...

Background: Some women avoid sexual intercourse during pregnancy due to the physiological changes they undergo during this period as well as their fear of causing harm to the fetus and to themselves, which can lead to problems in sexual health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a sexual health education package on the...

Introduction: Pregnancy is associated with changes in sexual function and perhaps many more sexual problems when accompanied by particular disorders such as gestational diabetes. Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate factors associated with sexual functions in women with gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present a...

Background Cognition and beliefs of women about vaginal penetration can be important in understanding the basic mechanisms of sexual disorders and their treatment process, especially genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD). Thus, as a systematic review and meta-analysis, the present study aimed to compare the beliefs and cognitions related...

Background: Female sexual dysfunction is one of the major health problems of women after childbirth. So, the present study was conducted with the aim of localizing the postpartum sexual function and dyspareunia assessment tool (The Carol Scale). Methods: This methodological study was conducted in 2019-2020 on 200 woman during three months after vag...

Introduction Labor pain is one of the most intensive pains experienced by women; it results in physical, emotional, and physiological changes in women’s body. The present study aimed to examine the effect of GB21 acupressure on labor pain. Design In this randomized clinical trial, 174 primiparous women in their first stage of labor were selected a...

Background Dyspareunia is one of the most common postpartum sexual dysfunctions. Objective To estimate the prevalence of postpartum dyspareunia. Search strategy Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched to July 2019 using keywords including ‘perineal pain,’ ‘dyspareunia,’ and ‘sexual pain’. Selection criteria Observation...

Sexual life of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex and challenging process that is often impaired under the influence of the disease and its neurological, physical and psychosocial complications. Nevertheless, this issue is often neglected. The present study was conducted in Iran to explain sexual life in women with MS and the percep...

Background: COVID-19 affects the sexual health and fertility directly (by eliminating the distance between individuals and saliva exchange and also affecting the reproductive system) or indirectly (refusing the sexual intercourse and reducing fertility) and has consequences for couples and society. The present review study will be conducted to inve...

Introduction: Postpartum weight retention has a significant effect on obesity, chronic disease, and adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Nowadays, social factors are of the basic causes of health and disease. The present systematic review was conducted with aim to investigate the relationship between social determinants of health and pos...

Introduction: Postpartum weight retention has a significant effect on obesity, chronic disease, and adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Nowadays, social factors are of the basic causes of health and disease. The present systematic review was conducted with aim to investigate the relationship between social determinants of health and pos...

Background: The precise measurement of childbirth satisfaction demands a reliable tool specifically designed for maternal care and birth satisfaction. It was designed to measure the degree of women's satisfaction with childbirth. The purpose of the present study was to translate and analyze the psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Sca...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Pelvic floor dysfunction is one of the most common disorders in women that is associated with social and economic consequences. In general, this disorder imposes direct and indirect costs on the economy of various societies. This review aimed to investigate pelvic floor dysfunction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this narrative r...

Purpose: In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of infertility in Iran. Materials and methods: A search of studies was conducted in June 2019 based on the electronic method, across databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran,...

Background: Sexual satisfaction is important for maintaining pregnant women’s self-esteem and interpersonal relationships, and serves as a major indicator of health. Affecting a woman's sexual issues will indirectly affect her quality of life. The present study aimed to examine the factors related to sexual satisfaction in women with gestational di...

Aim The present study was designed with the aim to predict Pap smear screening beliefs based on Big Five personality traits. Design The present cross‐sectional study was conducted with 235 women over 18 years of age in Tehran (Iran) in 2018. Methods The data collection tools included the demographic information questionnaire, Pap Smear Belief Que...

Background The chronic condition of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents can affect different aspects of quality of life in them. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the quality of life with emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress in adolescents with PCOS. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted o...

Background and Objective Many studies have been conducted in Iran on the postpartum quality of life, and the majority have used the general quality of life questionnaire. With a specific tool in this context, the dimensions of maternal postpartum quality of life can be more accurately determined. The present study was conducted to determine psychom...

Objective Prenatal behavior, including nutrition, exercise, drug use and smoking, affects health of a pregnant woman and her fetus. Psychometric evaluation of the Prenatal Health Behavior Scale (PHBS) is important for developing research on measurement of such this behavior during pregnancy. Methods The present descriptive study was conducted in 20...

Objective: Prenatal behavior, including nutrition, exercise, drug use and smoking, affects health of a pregnant woman and her fetus. Psychometric evaluation of the Prenatal Health Behavior Scale (PHBS) is important for developing research on measurement of such this behavior during pregnancy. Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted in...

Background: The precise measurement of health promoting and health impairing behavior requires a reliable scale that is specifically designed for the Prenatal behavior. The purpose of the present study was to translate and psychometrically evaluate the Prenatal Health Behavior Scale (PHBS) in Iran. Methods: The present descriptive study was conduct...

Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a stressful and common symptom in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and affects different aspects of their life, seriously. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, dimensions, and predictor factors of SD in Iranian women with MS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran...

Sexual adjustment along with balance and moderation in sexual relationships are regarded as major factors contributing to a happy and successful married life. Valid and reliable instruments , such as the Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale (DSC), are used as a means to investigate dyadic sexual communications. The present study aimed at translating,...

Background: Pregnancy is one of the most sensitive periods in a woman's life, which sexual activity and intercourse are affected by the variations in physical, hormonal, and mental conditions. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the variations in sexual response before and during pregnancy. Materials and methods: This cross-sec...

Abstract Background: Sexual problems are prevalent in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), and sexual self-efficacy as an effective variable plays an important role in sexual health and sexual quality of life of these women. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of sexual self-efficacy in women with multiple sclerosis. Methods: This...

Abstract Background: Sexual problems are prevalent in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), and sexual self-efficacy as an effective variable plays an important role in sexual health and sexual quality of life of these women. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of sexual self-efficacy in women with multiple sclerosis. Methods: This...

Purpose: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder in adolescents; this study seeks to elaborate the main concerns of adolescents with PCOS. Design and methods: This qualitative content analysis was conducted on 15 adolescents with PCOS using purposive sampling in 2018. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were held for da...

Background: Breast Cancer is highly prevalent among women. The supportive care needs of such patients not only affect their quality of life (QoL) but also that of their family caregivers. The present study aimed to assess the correlation between the supportive care needs of women with breast cancer and the QoL of their family caregivers. Methods:...

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder with many complications. This syndrome is a growing concern among adolescents around the world, with varying reports of its prevalence in different parts of the world. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents by a systemati...

Introduction: Regarding high prevalence of postpartum pain and side-effects of pharmaceutical analgesics on maternal and neonatal health, the present study aimed to explore the effect of Melissa officinalis on after-pain among mothers hospitalized in Asgariyeh Hospital, Isfahan, 2016. Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial, 110 women with mod...

Background Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) use different coping strategies to confront the challenges of this disorder. Various studies extracted coping strategies amongst adult women with PCOS, but regarding the mental difference between adults and adolescents, specific study was conducted to gain a deep understanding of how adol...

Background: The Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) is a tool designed to evaluate pain and disability in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain (PGP). This study was conducted with the aim of translating and determining the psychometric properties of PGQ in pregnant women in Iran. Materials and methods: The present methodological cross-sectional...

Introduction: Women's screening beliefs play an important role in their performance. Since a short form questionnaire is necessary in the assessment of screening beliefs in Iranian society, this study was conducted with the aim of psychometric evaluation of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire (BCSBQ) among Iranian women. Methods: In t...

Background: Patients’ trust in their physicians can affect therapeutic outcomes. Measurement of patient’s trust levels is a helpful approach for policymakers in healthcare systems. Aim: The present study was targeted toward the translation and psychometric assessment of patients’ trust in midwifery care questionnaire. Method: This cross-sectional s...

Background: Cervical cancer has a high prevalence and mortality, while early diagnosis greatly reduces its complications. Therefore, it is important to identify the factors affecting the screening of cervical cancer. Studies have shown that health locus of control plays an important role in beliefs about screening. This study aimed to identify the...

Background The maternal attitude toward infant feeding is one of the strong predictors of the start and continuation of exclusive breastfeeding. According to the validity and reliability assessment of Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) in many countries, the purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of an Iranian version...

Purpose: We investigated the effect of vitamin D therapy on sexual function in women with low vitamin D levels and sexual dysfunction. Materials and methods: We performed this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial in women 18 to 45 years old with sexual dysfunction, defined as a FSFI (Female Sexual Functioning Index) score less than...

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is a common problem for pregnant women. Researchers have recently paid special attention to complementary medicine methods for the treatment of NVP. Regarding the high prevalence of NVP as well as maternal and fetal adverse effects of chemical drugs, the present study, focusing on clinical trials carried out i...

Introduction Pregnancy and childbirth are important periods of women’s life that cause hormonal and bodily changes, and these changes could have significant effects on sexual function. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of PLISSIT-based counselling model on the sexual function of women during the first six months after child...

Objectives: Inability to have a child is stressful and affects all aspects of couples’ lives. Infertility diagnosis, duration and reason of infertility, treatment failure, and frequent pregnancy tests are among the stress-inducing factors in couples. The current study aimed to compare infertility-related stress among couples and evaluate its relati...

Background: Female sexual interest and arousal disorder (FSIAD) is one of the most prevalent sexual problems among women, and is a multifactorial dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to examine nonbiological predictors of sexual desire in women with female sexual interest and arousal disorder. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducte...

Background Reduced sexual desire leaves serious impacts on women’s life. The current study aims to investigate the perceptions and concerns of Iranian women of reproductive age with female sexual interest and arousal disorder (FSIAD). Methods This qualitative research was conducted using content analysis approach. Data were collected through seven...

Objectives: According to previous researches marital satisfaction has various patterns during family life cycle; meanwhile, there are only few studies showing a correlation between sexual and marital satisfaction in different stages of family life cycle. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess long-term female marital and sexual satisfa...