Giribabu Dandabathula

Indian Space Research Organization | ISRO

Background: Enough evidence exists to attribute the occurrence of diarrheal disease outbreaks due to open defecation practice and unsafe sanitation methods. Open defecation enables pathogens such as virus, bacteria, and protozoa to infect humans by means of fecal–oral transmission methods through contaminated fluids, water, and fomites. To curb the...

Building heights play a vital role in the field of urban morphology and allied applications. Recently there is a thrust to retrieve building heights from the space borne sensors. NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite - 2 (ICESat-2) carries a laser altimeter on-board that produces geolocated photon events on various types of surfaces like...

Digital elevation models play a crucial role in many earth sciences-related disciplines and are essential for spatial data infrastructure in a geospatial computational environment. A digital terrain model, a.k.a bare-earth model, excludes the bias due to the heights from urban and forests will enable the quantitative terrain characterization. Dig...

This data descriptor elaborates the details of a high-resolution digital bathymetric elevation model generated for the region, namely, Adam’s Bridge, which encompasses a chain of shoals between Rameswaram Island, off the southeastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the northwestern coast of Sri Lanka. The proposed dataset has tak...

Adam’s Bridge is a submerged ridge connecting India and Sri Lanka, generally regarded as a chain of shoals extending for ~ 29 km from Dhanushkodi on the Indian side to Talaimannar Island of Sri Lanka. A high-resolution digital bathymetric elevation model generated using the seafloor returned photons of ICESat-2 was used to understand the intricate...

The Himalayan region frequently exhibits natural hazards and disasters. Technical records of these events’ causal agents may help to model and forecast futuristic incidents. On 30 June 2024, a snow avalanche triggered just before sunrise on the Kedarnath south face of the Indian Himalayas, depositing its runout at Chorabari’s Companion glacier. Thi...

Sustainable Development (SD) not only ensures addressing the root cause of poverty but also helps in achieving the wellness of society. Protecting the natural resources for current and future generations is the main goal of the SD process. In recent times, developing countries have initiated social safety nets (SSNs) for poverty elimination and to...

Background: Highways represent the most significant capital asset that any country’s public sector holds. A system of national highways with easy access to ambulance and trauma centers is termed emergency rescue ready and helps reduce the mortality due to road accidents. Given the rich impetus for road infrastructure development by the government...

The Seabed 2030 initiative, anticipated to be a game-changer in ocean sciences and marine navigation, will map the ocean floor by 2030. Shallow-water bathymetry is a critical part of the Seabed 2030 ambition, but remains a gap that ship-borne echo sensors fail to address. Shallow water at the coasts is the interface between land and water, and its...

Since its establishment in 1979, the Indian National Cartographic Association (INCA) has been dedicated to advancing cartographic research across India. To this end, INCA has been organizing annual conferences at various locations, addressing contemporary topics of national importance. These conferences serve as a vital forum for collaborative disc...

High Mountain Asia (HMA), recognized as a third pole, needs regular and intense studies as it is susceptible to climate change. An accurate and high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for this region enables us to analyze it in a 3D environment and understand its intricate role as the Water Tower of Asia. The science teams of NASA realized an...

Background Fluoride is a noxious element known to destroy gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to erythrocytes’ destruction and causing anaemia. The birth weight of newborn babies is a significant indicator of a child’s vulnerability to the risk of childhood diseases and chances of existence. Methods This prospective cohort study was planned to find li...

Background The transportation system plays a crucial role in the context of socioeconomic development, whereas the highway infrastructure acts as a base for the transportation system. In recent years, a rich impetus has been given to the development of road infrastructure by Indian governance. There is a need to introspect how well the prevailing h...

Bathymetric data represents estimated seafloor topography and aids in understanding the intricacies of earth and ocean interaction processes. The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) released the GEBCO_2023 gridded bathymetric data as an interim dataset in connection with the ambitious task of producing the definitive ocean floor map for...

Understanding the thresholds of influencing parameters that favor the habitability of dangerous pests like desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) can aid in early detection and eradication using control operations. The life cycle of the desert locust and its behavioral changes are associated with the weather patterns and the region's ecosystem sett...

The state of Rajasthan is famous worldwide for its rich culture, handicrafts, splendour of architecture, colorful and royal haute couture, and a place of unique hospitality, which puts its status as one of the world's top tourist destinations. Physiographically, Rajasthan is divided into four major regions: the Western Thar Desert, the Aravalli Ran...

Digital elevation models represent the Earth's surface and play a key role in earth sciences by enabling the possibility of deriving terrain variables; the terrain variables are essential inputs for environmental modeling. The availability of open-access digital surface models has significantly advanced the understanding of earth system dynamics an...

Background: Fluoride is a noxious element known to destroy gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to erythrocytes' destruction and causing anaemia. The birth weight of newborn babies is a significant indicator of a child's vulnerability to the risk of childhood diseases and chances of existence. Methods: This prospective cohort study was planned to find...

Bathymetric data represents the true seafloor topography and aids in understanding the intricacies of earth and ocean interaction processes. The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) released the GEBCO_2023 gridded bathymetric data as an interim dataset in connection with the ambitious task of producing the definitive ocean floor map by 2...

Bathymetry refers to the depth measurement of the topographic seafloor surface and is essential geophysical data for understanding the land-ocean interplay. Recently, researchers have taken advantage of photon penetration of the green laser of NASA ICESat-2 to profile the seafloor as a part of the bathymetric mapping of shallow nearshore coastal wa...

Shadow of Umbra as Observed by INSAT-3D over Western Australia: Ningaloo Eclipse, 20 April 2023

The consequences of nature's course results in changes in landforms. Water flow in the river carries silt and accumulates the suspended sediment fluxes in river catchments. Volcanoes allow molten rock or magma to create rock formations, and in the same way, stimulated by the forces of wind on the dry sands of deserted environments and coastal areas...

Elevation information plays a significant role in Earth Sciences as it enables the interpretation of the data in three-dimensional (3D) space, mainly when the landscape of the study area contains rugged or irregular topography. Topography influences the Earth's surface processes, including geology, hydrology, climatology, and human settlement patte...

As one of the Earth’s most important natural resources, soil plays a prominent role in regulating ecosystem services, human food production systems and in facilitating a region’s sustainable development. Of late, due recognition has been given to soil sciences and soil information systems as they act as a core to achieve the targets of land degrada...

Desert ecosystems cover One-third of Earth's land surface; although the living conditions in the deserts and desert margin regions are hostile but provide adaptability and life support systems to numerous species, including humans. Desert regions are dominated by the cycle of actions resulting due to wind action, erosion, deposition, water/moisture...

The data presented here consists percentage of sand, silt, clay and pH at surface (~5cm) and subsurface (~5-15cm) at various sample locations in arid region of Great Indian Thar Desert falling in Rajasthan state of India. Mainly, the samples collected falls in four districts namely, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Nagaur, and Jodhpur. A total of 24 soil samp...

Understanding the thresholds of influencing parameters that favours the habitability of dangerous pests like desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) can aid in early detection and eradication using control operations. In this study, we retrieved the preferential soil conditions like sand-silt-clay percentage, sand texture and soil moisture at surfac...

Forests are considered as a sacred asset in India and have guided the way of living throughout its history. Indian forests not only accommodate the myriad species but also act as a survival support system to the communities that depended on them. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development proposed by the United Nations (UN) has gained momentum and...

This study was planned to estimate the proportion of confirmed Multi-drug resistance pulmonary TB (Tuberculosis) cases out of the presumptive cases referred to DTC (District Tuberculosis Center) Jodhpur for diagnosis; to identify clinical and socio-demographic risk factors associated with the multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB and to assess the sp...

Geospatial Governance or g-Governance can be treated as a geospatial plug-in to e-Governance and 'can be' defined as an extended module of e-Governance with the additional functionality of geospatial technology. The slides illustrates the g-Governance toolkit along with its constituents like backbone and services.

Lake ice phenology is a temporally integrated response to the seasonal cycles of meteorology, and its study results in obtaining the periods of ice growth and melt process. The recently launched spaceborne laser altimetry satellite called Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) hosts a single sensor titled Advanced Topographic Laser A...

Elevation information plays a significant role in Earth sciences as it enables interpretation of the data in three-dimensional space, especially when the landscape of the study area contains rugged or irregular topography. Topography influences the Earth's surface processes that include geology, hydrology, climatology, and human settlement patterns...

Lake ice phenology is a temporally integrated response to the seasonal cycles of meteorology and studying it results in obtaining the periods of ice growth and melt process. The recently launched space-borne laser altimetry satellite called Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) hosts a single sensor titled Advanced Topographic Laser...

On 7thFebruary 2021 just before noon, news reports came in regarding a flash flood in Rishi Ganga/Dhauli Ganga River in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state, India. This brief report puts forth the probable causes for this flash flood that has originated in the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve using geospatial datasets and techniques. Datasets obtaine...

On 7th February, 2021 just before noon, news reports have emerged regarding a flash flood in Rishi Ganga/Dhauli Ganga River in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state, India. This brief report outlines the probable causes for this flash flood that has originated in the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve using geospatial datasets and techniques. Datasets ob...

This report presents the design and development of a prototype robotic boat, namely Aquayaan which is capable of various sensor(s) mounting and performs field surveys in inland waters. Aquayaan is operable remotely over an Internet connection so that it can travel long distances in water without losing the contact and its geo-track can be monitored...

Aeolian process leads to the transportation and accumulation of sand particles that result in sand dune landforms. The structure and shape of the sand dunes are driven by the parameters of interacting wind force and the material composition of sand within. Cross-section profiles over the sand dunes will essay the geomorphological parameters through...

In this article, we present the results after assessing the Indian's Swachh Bharat Mission's (SBM) (aka Clean India Campaign) contribution in combating violence against women and girls while attending nature's call. Towards this, firstly we have used the publicly available data from National Crimes Records Bureau (NCRB-India) to identify the hotspo...

The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is a peculiar insect that exhibits density-dependent phase polyphenism. Gregarious phase enables desert locust to form a large groups and mass migrations during which significant crop loss and food security issues may occur. Currently , the most recent upsurge of desert locust...

Desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria is a type of grasshopper that exhibits density-dependent polyphensim. The gregarious phase occurs when huge swarms of winged adult locusts embark on spectacular mass travel, during which they are voracious and destructive, leading to famines and threats to food security. Life cycle events of locust include egg,...

The NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) mission uses laser altimetry measurements to determine the elevations at point levels of Earth. ICESat-2, which is a successor to the ICESat-1 satellite mission is a continuation of this series and carries a sensor namely Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS). The key advanc...

Geospatial technology yields reliable location intelligence and in turn, location intelligence offers solutions for today’s most pressing problems that are being faced by developing nations. Efficient public administration needs the knowledge of geographical information which ensures the proper delivery of government services. Integrated geospatial...

The annular phase of the rare solstice solar eclipse occurred on 21st June, 2020 was visible from parts of 12 countries in Africa and Asia, including the Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, southern Pakistan, northern India, and China. Total eclipse has been witnessed in the parts of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand...

Advanced Topographic Laser System (ATLAS) instrument on-board NASA's Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) enabled the capability of detecting certain properties of the Earth's surface at a photon level. Primary applications of ICESat-2 arefor cryosphere but extendable to measure and determine the changes in elevation for land terra...

NASA’s new Earth-Observing satellite namely ICESat-2 estimates the elevation of ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice, land surface, and canopy with the help of photon counting ATLAS sensor on-board. Higher-level data products like ATL08 uses an iterative filtering approach of the signal photons for capturing canopy height and terrain height. This article...

Objectives The Indian subcontinent is prone to tropical cyclones that used to originate in the North Indian Ocean. Through this study, an inventory of disease outbreaks for the tropical cyclone-affected regions from 2010 to 2018 has been compiled. This inventory is used to assess the success of recent sanitation intervention, Swachh Bharat Mission,...

River basin analysis is highly useful to understand the hydrological dynamics with concerning the topography. The morphometric properties of a drainage basin will help in describing the quantitative attributes of the landscape. A digital representation of topography enables the computation of more complex morphometric parameters with automated refi...

As the world continues to embrace the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), member countries are becoming more proactive in this pursuit, leading the way to solve the most complex problems of our time. In response to acceptance of the SDGs by member nations, researchers began to map or check the scope of important themes contained in...

Pattern recognition is pertinent field for detection of urban/man-made features from satellite imagery. Neural networks are best used in object detection for recognising patterns in imageries. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) become a way in solving object detection task based on deep learning concepts. This article demonstrates the usability o...

Rough terrain robotics is a new emerging research field that has stimulated a high number of works during recent years to provide more autonomy for outdoor vehicles. Robotic rovers intended for interplanetary science can be reoriented with ease for field experiments on Earth in the areas that are constrained with extreme weather conditions and huma...

Geospatial technologies have evolved as a science for location-based problem solving at varying scales – from local, regional, national and even global levels. Location intelligence is the core strength of geospatial technology and enables efficient public administration and ensures proper delivery of government services. Technical advancements in...

Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advancements in Computer Science (CONRACS 2019) held on 26 - 28 July 2019. The conference was sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology (DST).

This article discusses how the practice of open defecation influences the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN) and accepted by all countries. Unfortunately, the practice of open defecation still exists. Public health is at stake because open defecation enables transmission of infectious diseases via the fecal–oral rou...

During diarrhea, a patient will have a frequent abnormal passage of loose, liquid or watery stools and causes depletion of body fluids, resulting in profound dehydration. Acute diarrhea refers to the episodes of infectious diarrhea, which have a rapid onset and lasts for about 3 to 7 days but may last up to 10 to 14 days. When two or more people in...

Sustainable development depends on the complex set of interactions between the natural environment, the society we live and economic conditions. The relationship between humans and the environment is like 'one will give and other will take', during which equilibrium may get distracted. Economics leverages the growth potential of the society and soc...

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) enables electronic Governance (e-Governance). e-Governance is all about providing reliable and efficient online services to the citizens in a secure manner. e-Governance is currently being utilized by many developing countries to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The 17 SDGs are mirrored...

Geospatial Governance or g-Governance can be treated as a geospatial plug-in to e-Governance. Altogether g-Governance acts as an extended module of e-Governance with the additional functionality of geospatial technology. This article explains the genesis and geospatial constituents that are required for implementation of g-Governance in India. Ne...

Site Suitability analysis using geospatial techniques is one of the most popular approach for solving decision problems related to identification of a new site. The application area of site suitability analysis is very large, it is used for identifying sites for establishing new facility i.e ground water prospect site, waste disposal site etc. GIS...

The five largest social safety net (SSN) programmes in the world are being implemented in India, China and Brazil. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is one of these programmes and regarded as the world’s largest SSN. MGNREGA aims at enhancing livelihood security of households in rural India by providing guaranteed wag...

Tabular data representing the state of India’s Information and Communication Technology Enabled e-Governance Landscape for Sustainable Development Goals. Table 1 summarizes the e-Governance portals, m-Governance applicatons, Geoportals and schemese that are responsible for all the 53 federal ministries of Indian Government <<Available from http://...

Cybersecurity is a global challenge as Cyberspace is never risk free. Cybersecurity ensures the attainment and maintenance of the security properties of the digital infrastructure and services against relevant security risks in the cyber environment. Currently web applications are highly functional and rely upon two-way flow of information between...

Science and technology of Remote Sensing has seen an exponential growth in the last few decades from being a reconnaissance survey tool to a global system of near real time earth and planetary observation platforms. The definition describing Remote sensing as an art and science of obtaining information through interpretations of satellite imagery h...

Cartosat-1 is a global, high resolution stereoscopic imaging mission to support enhanced applications in several areas of terrain mapping, natural resources management, disaster management, infrastructure and development planning. A collaborative project of generating statewide Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and mosaic of ortho-images for all the st...

Image registration is the most critical operation in remote sensing applications to enable location based referencing and analysis of earth features. This is the first step for any process involving identification, time series analysis or change detection using a large set of imagery over a region. Most of the reliable procedures involve time consu...

In order to generate early warning for landslides, it is necessary to address the spatial and temporal aspects of slope failure. The present study deals with the temporal dimension of slope failures taking into account the most widespread and frequent triggering factor, i.e. rainfall, along the National Highway-58 from Rishikesh to Mana in the Garh...

High-altitude Himalayan terrain exhibits extreme geometric distortion along north-facing (dilation) and south-facing (compression) slopes as observed in satellite stereo data with high look angles. In the present study, Cartosat-1 stereo pairs have been used for generating Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Differential Global Positioning System b...

Cartosat-1 is the first Indian Remote Sensing Satellite capable of providing along-track stereo images. Cartosat-1 provides forward stereo images with look angles +26° and -5° with respect to nadir for generating Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), Orthoimages and value added products for various applications. A pitch bias of -21° to the satellite res...

Study of climatic condition has been an active challenging research area in scientific community. During last decade the concern of global warming has attracted attention not only of the scientists but also of common people. In the current scenario each and every individual is concerned about the changing climatic conditions and interested in knowi...

Hydropower is a renewable and clean energy option primarily dependent on perennial inflow and sufficient topographic head. Geology and environmental characteristics are also crucial in determining its viability. Often, these schemes are situated in difficult terrain which restricts its characteristics evaluation through conventional means. Utility...