Gilles Boëtsch

• French National Centre for Scientific Research

In January 2021, the Great Green Wall Accelerator was announced at the third One Planet Summit in Paris. Based on the notion of acceleration developed by Harmut Rosa and using the idea of conflicting temporalities in the study of social-ecological systems, this article analyzes how the political will to accelerate the Great Green Wall reveals power...

Globalization is transforming food systems around the world. With few geographical areas spared from nutritional, dietary and epidemiological transitions, chronic diseases have reached pandemic proportions. A question therefore arises as to the sustainability of local food systems. The overall purpose of this article is to put in perspective how lo...

Diatta et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2021 Diversité et composition phytochimique des bâtonnets frotte-dents (cure-dents) proposés chez les Peul de la commune de Tessékéré (Ferlo Nord, Sénégal). Published online at www.m.elewa.org/journals/ on 28 th February 2021 https://doi.org/10.35759/JABs.158.1 RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : Le but de cette étude était de déterm...

Ce travail adhère à l'initiative de valorisation des végétaux conduite par la Grande Muraille Verte (GMV) pour faire face à la disparition des végétaux et des savoir-faire végétaux associés. L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer la diversité végétale impliquée dans le traitement des pathologies dermatologiques au Ferlo (Sénégal) et d’évaluer...

Dans un article récent (19/06/2020), publié dans la Revue AOC, Mathieu Potte-Bonneville écrit : « Ainsi commis à la distanciation sociale de manière, on s'en souvient, à " aplatir la courbe " des contaminations et éviter la saturation des hôpitaux, les citoyens du monde entier ont vu leur quotidien gouverné par une idée foucaldienne : une épidémie...

Cet article porte sur l’alimentation des populations peules du Sénégal, plus précisément sur deux groupes de femmes : l’un vivant dans la zone sylvo-pastorale du Ferlo (Nord Est du Sénégal) et l’autre issu du Ferlo et installé dans la capitale du pays, Dakar, depuis au moins dix ans. L’analyse porte sur les différences mais aussi les éléments commu...

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Despite large global initiatives to manage obesity, its prevalence reaches pandemic levels. A potential reason is that the complex interactions between biological, behavioral, and socio-ecological factors and their respective role in the regulation of body weight (BW) and fat mass are still not well understood. Our view is that as long as physical...

Background As a consequence of ‘Western’ acculturation, eating disorders and body image disturbances, such as fatness phobia and body dysmorphic disorders towards musculature and body shape, are emerging in Africa, with young people the most affected. It is therefore important to accurately assess perceptions of body shape. However, the existing bo...

The general objective of this article is to analyze to what extent the implementation of the Great Green Wall project is likely to disrupt migratory movements towards the rural environment and, consequently, the socio-economic structures and health status of local populations. This study was carried out in 2015 on a population sample of 500 individ...

Résumé Le Ferlo, situé dans la zone sahélienne du Sénégal, s’étend sur les régions administratives de Saint-Louis, de Louga et de Matam. Le Ferlo se caractérise par le pastoralisme qui est la principale activité économique. Cette activité pastorale s’effectue dans un contexte sahélien aux conditions climatiques extrêmement difficiles où les projets...

Les villages où nous avons recueilli des données sur les pratiques alimentaires se situent dans la zone sylvo-pastorale du Sénégal (Ferlo). Ce vaste territoire situé au nord du pays se caractérise par un climat semi-aride. Les projets de développement et de lutte contre la désertification s’y succèdent depuis les sécheresses des années 1970-80. La...

The objective of this article is to analyze the impact of the Great Green Wall on ecosystems and human populations through an interdisciplinary and multiscale approach. Results show that, although the lifestyles of the Fulani populations in the Ferlo should protect them from noncommunicable diseases, they have a high prevalence of hypertension (31....

African populations are characterized by high degree of genetic diversity. This high genetic diversity could result from the natural selection pressure. Several studies have described an association between some genetic diversities and difference of susceptibility to infectious diseases like malaria. It seems therefore important to consider genetic...

Le bâtonnet frotte-dents est un outil d’hygiène buccodentaire en forme de fragment de matière végétale : tige, brindille, petite branche ou racine. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la composition phytochimique et la teneur en grandes classes chimiques des tiges les plus utilisées comme bâtonnets frotte-dents chez les Peuls de Widou Thiengo...

Senegal is experiencing a rising obesity epidemic, due to the nutrition transition occurring in most African countries, and driven by sedentary behaviour and high-calorie dietary intake. In addition, the anthropological local drivers of the social valorization of processed high-calorie food and large body sizes could expose the population to obesit...

After being closed for renovations for six years, the ‘reinvented’ Musée de l’Homme reopened in October 2015 with a completely new layout and narrative. Its principal account is that, while biological evolution guided human development, culture must be taken into account. With this explanation it makes the new biocultural turn. Throughout, the perm...

Introduction: Tooth eruption is a process that begins in infancy and continues throughout childhood and adolescence. This complex phenomenon induces systemic disorders requiring specific management. The objective of this study was to identify the therapeutic responses to teething in children in Ferlo, Senegal. Methods: This qualitative study foc...

Like most African countries, Senegal is experiencing a nutritional transition. Global drivers of sedentary behavior and high-calorie dietary intake, together with local anthropological drivers of large body size as a socially valued characteristic could be exposing the population to obesity. This study therefore set out to assess the impact of this...

Background: Long regarded as Western diseases, diabetes and hypertension are becoming a serious threat to public health in developing countries and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa [SSA]. However, there is few or no door-to-door study of cardiovascular disease [CVD] in SSA rural areas and particularly in Senegalese areas. Our aim was to determine...

Background: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of obesity in Dakar and in Tessekere, a rural municipality in northern Senegal, and to compare ideal body size between these populations. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2015 on a representative sample of 1 000 adults, aged 20 years and older in Dakar, an...

Introduction Although the relationship between mortality and self-rated health has been demonstrated in sub-Saharan Africa, information in this area is rudimentary. In Senegal, no study has been undertaken comparing self-rated health between urban and rural areas. The objective of this study is therefore to compare self-rated health and its main pr...

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AIM To estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the rural population of Tessekere (Senegal) and investigate associated risk factors. METHODS Data from a 2015 survey of 500 individuals age 20 and over representative of the population of the municipality of Tessekere were used. Sociodemographic characteristics, health related variables, capillary whol...

Dans la région du Ferlo au Sénégal, les femmes peules allaitantes introduisent précocement le lait animal dans le régime alimentaire des nourrissons. Ce mode de nourrissage des enfants en bas âge permet d'émettre une réflexion sur les relations de complémentarité, d'homologie ou de remplacement existantes entre les laits humain et animal, en foncti...

Prod 2017-108 EA BIOmE CT ? INRA

Introduction The aim of this article is to assess prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in rural Senegal (Sahelian Ferlo region). Methods This study was carried out in 2015 on a population sample of 500 individuals living in the municipality of Tessekere, constructed using the quota method. Sociodemographic characteristics,...

This study addresses dietary practices and its link with the body measurements of children living in seminomadic communities in an arid Sahelian zone, in the context of lifestyle changes due to the implementation of the Great Green Wall initiative. For this study, we focused on dietary diversification practices and its impact on children’s growth c...

Background Body size scales are a common method for diagnosing body image disturbances and assessing the cultural valorisation of stoutness, a phenomenon that plays a role in the development of overweight, especially among African populations. Traditionally, body size scales present a front view. In this study, we evaluated a complementary model of...

OBJECTIVES: (1) To describe access to health care in the population of Dakar; (2) to analyze the influence of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics on access to health care; (3) and to describe the fraction of consultations accounted for by chronic non-communicable diseases. METHODS: These data come from a 2009 survey of 600 individuals ag...

Introduction Body size perceptions were assessed among Bamileke, an important ethnic group native from Western Cameroon, massively migrating to urban area (Yaounde). This population presents high rates of obesity as well as a positive perception of stoutness in its social representations, which is identified as a risk factor of this syndrome. We...

The objectives of this study were: to compare the prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity in rural (Ferlo) and urban (Dakar) Senegalese populations aged 50 and over. The survey was conducted on individuals aged 50 and older living in the rural area (N=478) and in the urban area (N=220). We have collected data about age, gender, marital s...

The Senegalese lifestyle mutation by an urbanization process associated with the combined effects of demographic, nutritional and epidemiologic transitions (Popkin, 1997), has consequences on body conceptions: evolution of body size standards, new perceptions of sickness-death, food and sexuality (Thomas, 1990) and emergence of a more demanding bod...

http://www.cnrs.fr/fr/pdf/inee/prospective-eco-tropicale/#/1/

During the German occupation (1940-44), the Vichy Government of Marshall Pétain held about France's colonial empire (here, sub-Saharan Africa, Maghreb, and Madagascar and exclusive of the other French possessions) a very ambiguous discourse, in turn laudatory and pejorative. This discourse is highly revealing of both the need for France to preserve...

The prediction of risk profile trends associated with non-communicable diseases in developing countries is among the greatest global health challenges. The aim of this study is to estimate prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Dakar (Senegal). This study was carried out between January and June 2009 on a population sample...

Although biodemography prefers to focus on isolated human populations, in our analysis we have considered an opened community, neither culturally nor geographically separated from the nearby communities. The aim of the present study was to reconstruct the degree of consanguinity and assess the level of openness of a certain French population throug...

Body size perceptions were assessed among members of the Bamiléké, an ethnic group in an urban setting in Cameroon with high rates of obesity, but also a positive perception of stoutness in its social representations. We first implemented a qualitative study (April 2007) to identify local representations of body weight among Bamiléké using semi-str...

Objectives. Health is a subjective concept that considers the social, cultural, environmental and behavioural problems of the individual. This study was conducted with the objective of better understanding the sociocultural aspects related to the oral health of the Fulani populations of Ferlo, Senegal. Methods. The study was qualitative and based i...

In the Sahelian zone, the drought phenomenon, combined with anthropic factors (monoculture, bush fires, defect or deficit of manure, overgrazing, etc.), has seriously affected ecological great balances, involving a degradation of the natural resources as well as a fall in agricultural productions, pointing to a process of desertification. To face t...

In the Sahelian zone, the drought phenomenon, combined with anthropic factors (monoculture, bush fires, defect or deficit of manure, overgrazing, etc.), has seriously affected ecological great balances, involving a degradation of the natural resources as well as a fall in agricultural productions, pointing to a process of desertification. To face t...

The aim of this work was to study the association between dental and periodontal status and digestive pathology in the Ferlo populations in Senegal. This was a cross sectional study involving 300 people living in the area of the Ferlo in the Centre East of Senegal. Selected individuals must be over the age of 15 years and resided in the area. Clust...

numéro en ligne : https://inee.cnrs.fr/fr/prospectives-de-linstitut-ecologie-et-environnement-0 https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no%3A903640989 note préparatoire : http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/86/24/71/PDF/Maladie_s_environnement_et_sociA_tA_-A.BargA_s_2012.pdf

Corps du monde offre un tour d’horizon des pratiques corporelles contemporaines, en explorant leurs origines, leurs différences et leurs significations. D’un continent à l’autre, anthropologues, ethnologues, historiens et philosophes interrogent le rapport que chacun entretient à son corps selon sa culture, son sexe, son mode de vie. Le corps se p...

Directeurs de revue scientifique : Bernard Andrieu, Gilles Boetsch, Dominique Chevé

The aim of this work was to study the association between dental and periodontal status and digestive pathology in the Ferlo populations in Senegal.

Introduction: Ferlo area is currently the subject of a policy to fight against desertification becoming the place of intense reforestation activities. This ecological transformation of this area could be at the origin of changes in lifestyle and diet and therefore changes in morphology and physiology of the body area residents. The aims of this stu...

L’objectif de cet article est de déterminer si la notion d’ethnie est, à Dakar, un critère pertinent d’analyse en anthropologie démographique, en testant sa validité lors de l’analyse de l’évolution de la structure des populations au cours des générations. L’échantillon de population, comprenant des individus habitant le département de Dakar, compr...

Background: The population of Ferlo consists mainly of Fulani, whose lifestyle is characterized by nomadism and cattle breeding. The aim of this work was to study their dietary, living, and hygiene habits and their oral health. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 300 individuals living in Tessekere and Widou Thiengoli, in the heart...

This article examines social and environmental influences on the development of hypertension in a sample of 568 adults (290 men; 278 women) aged 20 years and older from Dakar, Senegal. We test the hypothesis that more recent immigrants to the city of Dakar will have lower blood pressure and lower rates of hypertension than those who have lived ther...

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the urban population living in Dakar, Senegal, and to investigate the factors associated with diabetes. Data from a 2009 survey of 600 individuals, aged 20 years or above and considered representative of the population of the city of Dakar, were evaluated. Socioeconomic characteris...