Gianandrea Mannarini

Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici | CMCC · Ocean Predictions and Applications

Introductory presentation on the VISIR-2 ship weather routing model given at a group of PhDs at TU Delft Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering (3mE) on Nov. 23, 2023. For more detailed information, please check this preprint currently under review: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2060/

Ship weather routing, which involves suggesting low-emission routes, holds potential for contributing to the decarbonisation of maritime transport. However, its quantitative impact has been explored only to a limited extent, also for a lack of readily deployable open-source and open-language computational models. As a response, the VISIR model has...

This presentation is part of the curriculum for the Advanced Master in Sustainable Blue Economy, a comprehensive program that focuses on supporting the creation of stable and attractive blue career pathways through strengthening professional skills and enhancing competencies in fields related to sustainable blue economy. The lessons covered in thi...

Introduction The outbreak of COVID-19 in Europe began in early 2020, leading to the emergence of several waves of infection with varying timings across European countries. The largest wave of infection occurred in August-September. Croatia, known for being a hotspot of tourism in the Mediterranean region, raised concerns that it might have played a...

The territory of the municipality of Lecce encompasses a 23 km-long coastal strip. In the framework of the new urban masterplan (PUG, [1]), the local political decision-maker would like to assess the impact of climate change on this territory, in particular as the rise in sea level is concerned. To that end, we used a high resolution (1m x 1m) digi...

The outbreak of COVID-19 in Europe occurred in early 2020. During the year, several waves of infection developed with different timings across the European countries. The onset of the largest wave of infection occurred in August-September. Croatia is a hotspot of tourism in the Mediterranean region, and thus may have acted as an incubator of the pa...

GUTTA-VISIR is a service for operationally providing least-CO2 ferry routes. It combines numerical meteo-oceanographic forecasts with both the ship route optimisation model VISIR and a dedicated environment for operational production. The regions of interest are the Adriatic and Northern Ionian Seas. The optimal routes are computed at the CMCC high...

GUTTA-VISIR is a service for operationally providing least-CO2 ferry routes. It combines numerical meteo-oceanographic forecasts with both the ship route optimisation model VISIR and a dedicated environment for operational production. The regions of interest are the Adriatic and Northern Ionian Seas. The optimal routes are computed at the CMCC high...

In this contribution for the 2022 WOC user's meeting, we presented some recent developments of the VISIR ship routing model, which now includes a semi-empirical parametrisation of the seakeeping of an ocean-going vessel, accounting also for the relative direction of waves. Starting from analysis fields of the Copernicus Marine Service and making us...

In conformità al Regolamento UE 757/2015, tutte le navi con stazza lorda superiore a cinquemila tonnellate e porti di scalo nello Spazio Economico Europeo (SEE) devono monitorare, comunicare e verificare (“monitoring, reporting, and verification” - MRV) le proprie emissioni di anidride carbonica. I dati sono pubblicati con aggregazione annuale dall...

OPEN ACCESS: https://www.goosocean.org/index.php?option=com_oe&task=viewDocumentRecord&docID=30656

The final workshop of the Italy-Croatia Interreg project GUTTA took place in Lecce, at the premises of the Fondazione CMCC, on May 4th, 2022. It reviewed the state of the art of maritime decarbonisation from multiple viewpoints: the regulatory institutions, the research and academia, the industry, and an advocacy organisation. It also provided a s...

Unprecedented socioeconomic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted ship- ping. We combined ferry CO2 emissions in Europe (from the EU-MRV) with port call data and vessel parameters, and analysed them using mixed-effects linear models with interactions. We found a generalized reduction in unitary emissions in 2020, confirming its causal re...

L’acqua, con la sua presenza negli oceani, nei fiumi, nei ghiacci, nel suolo e nell’atmosfera, e’ una componente fondamentale del sistema climatico terrestre. Il luogo dove se ne trova di piu’, il mare, è interessato da profondi mutamenti in conseguenza del cambiamento climatico. In questo breve seminario presentero’ alcuni degli impatti piu’ rilev...

In questo seminario ho affrontato il tema del cambiamento climatico dal punto di vista del mare. Gli oceani assorbono gran parte del calore in eccesso intrappolato nell’atmosfera a causa dell’effetto serra. Ciò da un lato rallenta il riscaldamento dell’atmosfera, ma dall’altro trasforma profondamente e inesorabilmente l’oceano stesso. Acidificazion...

Carbon intensity of ship emissions is a cornerstone of contemporary regulatory actions, with measurable targets of reduction being enforced in the coming decade. Short term measures to achieve them include voyage optimization. Therefore, the VISIR ship routing model was upgraded for computing least-CO2 routes depending on ocean analysis products re...

This paper analyses the EU-MRV dataset containing CO2 emission data from vessels calling at European harbours. The data is provided in an aggregated form for 2018 and we decided to focus on ferries. We augmented the original dataset with data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitor- ing Service, the IMO Global Integrated Shipping Information...

-- Parte I: • Storia (molto) breve del Cambiamento Climatico • Crescita del livello del mare e sue implicazioni • Cambiamenti negli ecosistemi marini • Ondate di calore marine -- Parte II: • Un passato che pesa... • ...un futuro (ancora) nelle nostre mani

Una selezione di impatti del cambiamento climatico sul Mare tratta dai capitoli 4 e 5 del "Rapporto Speciale sull'Oceano e la Criosfera in un Clima che cambia" (srocc), pubblicato dall'IPCC il 25/9/2019. La presentazione include una sezione finale sulla mitigazione del Cambiamento Climatico (obiettivi per lo sviluppo sostenibile dell'ONU, monitor...

Tintoré et al. Sustained Mediterranean Observing Forecasting System The Mediterranean community represented in this paper is the result of more than 30 years of EU and nationally funded coordination, which has led to key contributions in science concepts and operational initiatives. Together with the establishment of operational services, the commu...

Time-optimal paths are evaluated by VISIR ("discoVerIng Safe and effIcient Routes"), a graph-search ship routing model, with respect to the solution of the fundamental differential equations governing optimal paths in a dynamic wind-wave environment. The evaluation exercise makes use of identical setups: topological constraints, dynamic wave enviro...

The latest development of the ship-routing model published in Mannarini et al. (2016a) is VISIR-1.b, which is presented here. The new version of the model targets large ocean-going vessels by considering both ocean surface gravity waves and currents. To effectively analyse currents in a graph-search method, new equations are derived and validated a...

Presentation given on June 13th, 2019 at TransNav2019, http://transnav2019.am.gdynia.pl/, and awarded with the "best presentation award". Related paper is: http://www.transnav.eu/Article_Preliminary_Inter-comparison_of_,49,874.html

Careful definition and illustrative case studies are fundamental work in developing a Blue Economy. As blue research expands with the world increasingly understanding its importance, policy makers and research institutions worldwide concerned with ocean and coastal regions are demanding further and improved analysis of the Blue Economy. Particularl...

Report of deliverable D8.10 "Ship routing hazard maps" of H-2020 AtlantOS project.

Optimal ship tracks computed via the VISIR model are compared to tracks recorded by the Automatic Identification System (AIS). The evaluation regards 43 tracks in the Southern Atlantic Ocean, sailed during 2016-2017 by different bulk carriers. In this exercise, VISIR is fed by wave analysis fields from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring S...

The NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, as part of its mission to put forward the technological maritime research, with the support of the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme has organized on May 9-10, 2018, the Maritime Big Data Workshop (MBDW). The workshop gathered together researchers, technological providers and memb...

The VISIR ship routing model (www.visir-model.net) is augmented with the capability to employ , on top of waves, also ocean currents for optimising vessel routes. A case study for a cargo vessel sailing between the Chesapeake Bay (USA) and Lisbon (Portugal) is considered. The seasonal variability of the route pattern is visualised, with the major o...

Presentazione di supporto alla conversazione con studenti di scuole superiori di Lecce, tenuta il 22/5/2018 presso l'Open Space del Comune di Lecce, nell'ambito del Festival della Sviluppo Sostenibile, http://festivalsvilupposostenibile.it/2018/cal/244/open-lab-storie-del-futuro-la-scienza-del-clima-per-lo-sviluppo-sostenibile#.W6jxhBMzY6c

Note per l’Alternanza scuola-lavoro, Liceo “G.Banzi Bazoli”(Lecce) – CMCC (4 – 8 Settembre 2017 & 29 Gennaio – 2 Febbraio 2018) Tutor: Gianandrea Mannarini

The second AtlantOS briefing paper focuses on the societal benefits of ocean observing. It includes among others a new paradigm for ship routing development. The work was presented at the UN Ocean Conference in New York, USA, 5-9 June 2017.

The open-source model for marine-weather ship routing VISIR (visir-model.net) was designed in a modular way for easily modifying and adding functionalities. In particular, the impact of ocean currents is the subject of the latest development. The model has been extended for using forecasts of surface sea currents from the European service CMEMS (ma...

Reliable and timely information on the environmental conditions at sea is key to the safety of professional and recreational users as well as to the optimal execution of their activities. The possibility of users obtaining environmental information in due time and with adequate accuracy in the marine and coastal environment is defined as sea situat...

Oceanographic products from the European Copernicus Marine Monitoring Service - CMEMS are transformed and communicated to public and stakeholders through adding-value chains (downstreaming), which consider advanced visualization, usage of multi-channels technological platforms and specific models and algorithms

An efficient, secure and interoperable data platform solution has been developed in the TESSA project to provide fast navigation and access to the data stored in the data archive, as well as a standard-based metadata management support. The platform mainly targets scientific users and the situational sea awareness high-level services such as the de...

A new web-based and mobile decision support system (DSS) for search-and-rescue (SAR) at sea is presented, and its performance is evaluated using real case scenarios. The system, named OCEAN-SAR, is accessible via the website http://www.ocean-sar.com. In addition to the website, dedicated applications for iOS and Android have been created to optimis...

VISIR (discoVerIng Safe and effIcient Routes) is an operational decision support system (DSS) for optimal ship routing designed and implemented in the frame of the TESSA (TEchnology for Situational Sea Awareness) project. The system is aimed to increase safety and efficiency of navigation through the use of forecast environmental fields and route o...

VISIR (discoVerIng Safe and effIcient Routes) represents an attempt to build a fully open ship routing model. This is achieved through a GPL licensing of the source code and detailed model documentation on open-access journals. This way, numerical optimization methods, hydrodynamic effects considered, approximations used, and their ranges of applic...

A new numerical model for the on-demand computation of optimal ship routes based on sea-state forecasts has been developed. The model, named VISIR (discoVerIng Safe and effIcient Routes) is designed to support decision-makers when planning a marine voyage. The first version of the system, VISIR-I, considers medium and small motor vessels with leng...

Geodetic (black markers) and optimal (red markers) route from Trapani (Italy) to Tunis (Tunisia) for vessel V1 of Table 5 and departure on 26 December 2013 at 21:00 UTC. Panels (a–d) refer respectively to timesteps #4, 7, 10, 14 after departure. Significant wave height analysis fields Hs are displayed with coloured shadings and wave directions are...

VISIR (discoVerIng Safe and effIcient Routes) is an operational Decision Support System (DSS) for ship routing designed and implemented in the frame of the TESSA (TEchnology for Situational Sea Awareness) project. The system is aimed to increase safety and efficiency of navigation through the use of forecast environmental fields and route optimizat...

A prototype of sailboat routing system for least-time navigation is presented. The routing algorithm is based on an exact graph-search method, not requiring subjective optimization parameters. The temporal variation of wind fields during the sailing time is accounted for. The system also considers topological constraints such as coastline and shall...

Climate Change (CC) is going to affect maritime transportation. Since a relevant anthropogenic contribution to CC has been assessed, also the implication holds: maritime transportation is one of the human activities contributing to the CC. Thus, the maritime sector should be involved in both CC adaptation and mitigation actions. This transcription...

A decision Support System is composed by four main steps. The first one is the definition of the problem, the issue to be covered, decisions to be taken. Different causes can provoke different problems, for each of the causes or its effects it is necessary to define a list of information and/or data that are required in order to take the better dec...

A prototype for an operational ship routing Decision Support System using time-dependent meteo-oceanographic fields is presented. The control variable is ship course, which is modified using a directional resolution of less than 27 degrees. The shortest path is recovered using a modified Dijkstra’s algorithm. Safety restrictions for avoiding surfri...

Composizione dell’atmosfera, leggi dei gas, temperatura virtuale, equazione idrostatica, geopotenziale, equazione ipsometrica, I legge della termodinamica, esperienza di Joule, calori specifici, gradiente adiabatico secco, temperatura potenziale, diagrammi termodinamici, nomogramma di Herloffson, vapore acqueo: (mixing ratio, RH, LCL), calore laten...

Cinematica del flusso: sistemi di coordinate, operatori vettoriali, derivata avvettiva, linee di flusso vs. traiettorie. Dinamica del flusso: forze reali e apparenti, vento geostrofico, vento di gradiente, vento termico, circolazione termica, masse d’aria, fronti, cicloni extra-tropicali, moto verticale, conservazione dell’energia, equazione di con...

An unusually intense subsynoptic-scale cyclone has been documented in southeastern Italy on 26 September 2006. Numerical simulations are performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Model results show that the model is able to realistically capture the timing and intensity of the cyclone, identifying in this small-scale cyclone...

A comparison of modeled and observed Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is presented. 3D Eulerian multiphase chemistry-transport model TCAM is employed for simulating AOD at mesoscale. MODIS satellite sensor and AERONET photometer AOD are used for comparing spatial patterns and temporal timeseries. TCAM simulations for year 2004 over a domain containing P...

A novel technique to investigate the properties of secondary emission of inhomogeneously broadened optical resonances in semiconductor materials is presented. An experimental method to acquire spectrally and directionally resolved secondary emission of optical solid state resonances is demonstrated. The spectral coherence degree of the secondary em...

Human dental arch shape and arch shape variability are investigated using Computed Tomography pictures of 62 patients. Both crown level and radicular apex level data are considered. For each patients, four axial sections parallel to the occlusal plane are selected, in order to be representative of crown and apex part of the dental arches, both in t...

Memory and correlation effects in the interband absorption from quantum wells due to exciton-phonon dynamics are investigated. They are traced back to the frequency dependence and matrix character of the self energy arising in a 2nd Born theory. It is found that interpeak absorption increases with respect to the case in which this memory and correl...

We investigated CdTe nanocrystal tetrapods of different sizes by resonant inelastic light scattering at room temperature and under cryogenic conditions. We observe a strongly resonant behavior of the phonon scattering with the excitonic structure of the tetrapods. Under resonant conditions we detect a set of phonon modes that can be understood as c...

The excitonic absorption spectrum for a disordered quantum well in the presence of exciton-acoustic phonon interaction is treated beyond the Markov approximation. Realistic disorder exciton states are taken from a microscopic simulation, and the deformation potential interaction is implemented. The exciton Green’s function is solved with a self ene...

In der vorliegenden Promotionsarbeit werden optische Eigenschaften von Halbleiterquantengräben untersucht, die mit der Ausbildung von Speckle-Mustern in der exzitonischen Emission zusammenhängen. Die in nichtspekulärer Richtung nach resonanter Anregung von Exzitonen ausgestrahlte Emission enthält Informationen über Unordnung und Streuprozesse in de...

A moving speckle pattern in time-momentum space of the resonantly excited Rayleigh scattering from excitons subjected to a spatial potential gradient is observed. The spatial gradient of the exciton energy was created by an uniaxial mechanical stress applied in the plane of a semiconductor quantum well. The measured energy shift and the increase in...

A spatially inhomogeneous shift of the center-of-mass potential energy for excitons in a disordered nanostructure affects the directionally and temporally resolved speckle pattern in the secondary emission. It leads to a modification of both shape and orientation of the average speckle. We analyze the cases of linear and quadratic energy shift and...

The frequency-resolved secondary emission from excitons in a single 8 nm-wide quantum well is investigated using speckle analysis. We model these experiments starting with a Hamiltonian in the basis of disorder eigenstates of excitons, interacting both with light and acoustical phonons. The distinction between incoherent and coherent secondary emis...

A linear optical method to measure coherence and dephasing of excitations in solids is presented. The spectrally resolved degree of coherence of resonantly scattered light is deduced from the intensity fluctuations over its emission directions (speckles). The spectral intensity correlation gives a direct measure of the dephasing rate within the inh...