Giacomo Salvadori

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Verified

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• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at University of Pisa

In the recent past, great attention has been posed on the assessment of the energy performance and of the operating and maintenance costs of the building stock. Currently, new approaches of analysis are considered by the scientific community, which put the occupant's well–being at the centre of the evaluation process. In this context, the IEQ asses...

Due to the increasing amount of time that people are spending indoors, the need to ensure adequate ventilation has become a priority. The confirmed airborne transmission of COVID-19 highlights the necessity to consider the effect of ventilation on the reduction of the infection risk. In naturally ventilated buildings, the ventilation rate is not ea...

This study proposes a method to obtain a ranking of the critical issues related to Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)in existing school buildings. A multi-criteria method for a comprehensive evaluation of IEQ in school buildings is described and discussed. The method includes data collection, field measurements, and subjective investigations. The n...

Climate change has raised outdoor surface temperatures, increasing pedestrians' vulnerability to heat stress. In this context, there is a lack of a methodology that captures the effects of directional radiation from urban environments on the human body, considering the relative positioning of pedestrians and surfaces. This paper proposes a methodol...

In this study the Authors intended to describe and provide a critical remark of the necessary assessments for the selection of the most appropriate personal protective equipment. This selection has been made with reference to the calculation methods specified in the International Standard UNI EN ISO 9612 and UNI EN 458.

This study investigates the potential benefits of integrating Personalised Environmental Control Systems (PECS) in newly constructed office spaces, focusing on energy efficiency and thermal comfort. Two modern offices in Lucca and Massa, Italy, were analyzed through a combination of on-site data sampling and dynamic Building Energy Simulations (BES...

This study presents the optimization of a novel conductive-radiative Personalized Environmental Control System (PECS) in the form of a heated desk, designed to improve ergonomics and reduce energy consumption. Building on previous prototypes, the desk maintains localized comfort in ambient temperatures as low as 17°C, with enhanced user control of...

While aspects of indoor environmental quality, such as thermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), acoustic, and visual comfort, are usually studied separately, their interactions are crucial yet often overlooked. Understanding how these factors influence each other is essential for a comprehensive perception of the indoor environment. This paper in...

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) significantly affects occupants’ well-being and comfort. Assessing IEQ typically involves post-occupancy evaluation (POE), a method that can be time-consuming and particularly challenging in hotel settings, where guests may be disrupted by frequent requests for feedback. Hence, this paper investigates the capabili...

Personal Comfort Systems (PCSs) have emerged as a solution to customize thermal conditions at individual workstations, potentially reducing overall energy consumption. This study investigates the optimal utilization of PCSs in office environments extending beyond their thermal comfort provision to delve into their overall energy performance, consid...

Prefabricated temporary buildings are a promising solution for post-disaster scenarios for their modularity, sustainability and transportation advantages. However, their low thermal mass building envelope shows a fast response to heat flux excitations. This leads to the risk of not meeting the occupant comfort and HVAC energy-saving requirements. T...

Ensuring thermal comfort within sports facilities is crucial for occupants’ well-being. However, often indices designed for sedentary spaces are applied, leading to inaccurate comfort assessments. Hence, this study examines the adaptive capacities and model applicability in sports facilities, using a fencing hall located in Pisa as a case study. Da...

In educational buildings, adaptive strategies can be adopted for the achievement of thermal comfort and reduction of energy consumption. Since climate can largely affect thermal comfort, there is a need for understanding its role in the definition of different adaptive capacities, thermal neutrality, comfort, and preference. To this end, 17 natural...

Modern building materials using reinforced concrete are considered the most popular in the production of housing in Algeria, specifically in desert areas such as the city of Ouargla, which is characterized by its hot and arid climate. These dwellings must be more adaptable to this difficult climate. An example is the Ouargla Ksar, which contains tr...

Occupants' perception of a space depends on their experience [1], [2], [3]. Four kinds of visiting experiences were carried out inside the Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa [4]. The museum is housed, together with the National Museum of the Charterhouse [5], inside the Monumental Charterhouse of Calci, near Pisa. Four of the permanen...

The speech intelligibility properties of classrooms greatly influence the learning process of students. Proper acoustics can promote the inclusion of foreign students and children with learning or hearing impairments. While awareness of the topic is increasing, there is still no parameter that can describe all aspects of speech transmission inside...

Alternative environments to real-life have been in recent demand in regard to lighting design and in museums. In this study, the effectiveness of the perception of the museum space in simulations or virtual-based environments is studied. Answers to a questionnaire regarding lighting in four different visual experiences are compared: Real-life, virt...

In the last two decades, a new discipline called archaeoacoustics has begun to emerge seeking to use modern acoustic methodologies to understand and analyze historical artifacts from a new perspective. The interdisciplinary nature of this subject makes it a fertile ground for archaeologists, anthropologists, psychologists and acousticians. Among th...

The first Globe Theatre was one of the main outdoor playhouses in London in the early 17th century. Although it was built in 1599 and was destroyed in a fire in 1613, its history has survived to the present day as the theatre that was able to accommodate most of William Shakespeare's plays. Extensively studied during the last century, it has been a...

This study is the second step toward the development and prototyping of a Personal Comfort System for tertiary sector working environments. The entire industrial sector, and in particular offices, have seen changes in working habits, with a large increase in smart working also due to the prevention of the COVID infection. The chance to partialise t...

Shakespeare's first Globe Theatre (early 17th century) is considered one of the most iconic theatres in English history, despite lasting less than twenty years and having little information directly attributable to its shape and size. This building, part of a wide variety of Elizabethan theatres found in London during a fertile period in the histor...

The scope of this dataset is to explore the acoustic environment on the basis of spatial configurations. To fulfill this objective, two ranges of data were involved. Firstly, urban acoustic data was obtained by setting up 240 stations of measurements based on equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, across 16 urban zones in Biskra Cit...

The human-centric energy transition is required to foster efficient buildings and communities by combining users’ engagement and technical solutions. In this view, the present study aims at evaluating for the first time the influence of users’ holistic experience on the feasibility of Net Zero Energy (NZE) communities in laggard countries for their...

The thermal environment in educational buildings is crucial to improve students’ health and productivity, as they spend a considerable amount of time in classrooms. Due to the complexity of educational buildings, research performed has been heterogeneous and standards for thermal comfort are based on office studies with adults. Moreover, they rely...

From the introduction of the “Moon Village” concept by the ESA Director General Jan Wörner, the interest towards a permanent settlement on the Moon increased. International space agency and private companies started to investigate and design new solutions for permanent habitats on lunar soil. Many aspects in the design of space residences must be c...

Energy performance certificates (EPCs) are useful tools that not only provide an indication on the efficiency of buildings, but also help raising awareness on the importance of improving their performance. However, the current implementation of EPCs is affected by issues that prevent their full potential to be exploited: lack of standardization acr...

This study is part of a wider research aimed at creating building type databases for simplified dynamic thermal models of buildings. In particular, thermal inertia analysis is the focus of this paper, looking at its impact in terms of comfort and energy consumption in different climates and for different end uses. The impact of all factors influenc...

During the last decade, the problem of noise pollution has continued to increase in Europe as well as in under-developed countries. This issue is stressed in city centers, owing to the abundance of residential activities, vehicle traffic and multiple services. This study investigates the relationship between urban spatial configuration and environm...

The use of display devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops is now massive and continuous in everyday life. It, therefore, becomes increasingly important to be aware of the performance of these devices, not only in terms of the tasks to be performed but also in terms of interaction with humans and therefore knows any possible effect on the erg...

Green roofs represent a growing technology that is spreading increasingly and rapidly throughout the building sector. The latest national and international regulations are promoting their application for refurbishments and new buildings to increase the energy efficiency of the building stock. In recent years, vegetative coverings have been studied...

La ricerca propone una nuova metodologia di analisi per le collezioni fotosensibili esposte in edifici storici. Le considerazioni relative alla conservazione delle opere vengono unite a quelle relative al comfort dei visitatori per sviluppare un approccio sintetico. Per la valutazione vengono utilizzate le "Dynamic Daylight Metrics" (parametri dina...

L'illuminazione delle città del futuro è un tema molto sensibile al giorno d'oggi e coinvolge, in maniera trasversale, diverse discipline, interlocutori e aspetti che non possono essere trascurati e che risultano determinanti nello sviluppo urbano e nella vita degli esseri umani. Lo scopo di questo intervento è quello di evidenziare alcune criticit...

This research provides an integrated methodological approach based on the combined use of spatial syntax modelling and eyetracker analysis techniques for lighting sustainability aimed to adaptive reuse of all the spaces with high historical, architectural, philological value of Cultural Heritage (CH). MosLESS (Modelling Sustainable Lighting with Ey...

Lighting cultural heritage is a complex task that requires considering the conservation needs of the exhibits and visitors' visual comfort. However, these needs are often in contrast. In addition, whenever the exhibitions are displayed inside historical buildings, the task further complicates, as lighting designers must face and respect the archite...

The inherent interdisciplinarity in the design of building envelopes gives the opportunity to correlate different aspects within the boundaries of a single subsystem. In fact, designers have to account for parameters and criteria that belong to diverse fields – such as architecture, building physics, structural design and construction technology –...

As the importance of sport practice is currently growing, the evaluation of the environmental parameters and especially of the thermal conditions in sport halls is particularly relevant, since they can affect the health and performance of the athletes. In particular, as a lack of studies has been detected and current standards are missing a scienti...

Exhibits are often displayed in spaces originally not designed to be museums. Thus, is common for those spaces to fail adequate lighting display conditions, both in terms of the artworks’ conservation and visitors’ comfort. In order to objectively assess if an exhibition meets the required standards it is necessary to establish a proper evaluation...

Lighting Cultural Heritage is a complex task: light is necessary for the act of seeing, it can even enhance the visual experience [1,2], in addition proper lighting can significantly cut down energy consumptions [3], but on the same time it has detrimental effects on exhibits, especially daylight. In order to safeguard the exhibits from damages, na...

With a growing awareness around the importance of the optimization of building efficiency, being able to make accurate predictions of building energy demand is an invaluable asset for practitioners and designers. For this reason, it is important to continually improve existing models as well as introduce new methods that can help reduce the so-call...

Ensuring thermal comfort in educational buildings is nowadays essential for improving health and performance of the students. For the determination of thermal comfort, two main approaches are usually applied: the heatbalance and the adaptive approach. These two approaches have been adopted by standards, but it lacks a specific standard focused on e...

Featured Application This investigation has a potential application in the field of sport science, in order to improve the performance of fencing athletes. Abstract In recent times, infrared thermography has been often applied to sport science, in order to evaluate athletes’ performance in relation to their thermal behaviour. As there is a lack of...

Light is one of the main factors affecting the visual experience of artworks in museums and can determine the success or failure of an art exhibition. The lighting design is not yet extensively recognized as a crucial element of museum exhibitions, but recent research studies show how different lighting arrangements can create different impressions...

The research moves from thermo-hygrometric data collected during a campaign to monitor energy exchanges at “Building F92” ENEA ‘La Casaccia’, with particular reference to the sections of the building facing south-east, south-west, screened by a green wall. In spring 2018, ENEA installed many sensors to detect parameters such as air temperature, int...

Street lighting plays a crucial role in a city’s night landscape and in urban traffic management, influencing users’ comfort and safety. To contain costs of public street lighting systems and to avoid energy waste, illuminance levels on road surfaces must be adequate to fit actual traffic volumes, as prescribed by regulations. This is true not only...

The Ultra-Violet Index (UVI) is widespread used to communicate the UV radiation intensity to the general public. The knowledge of the UVI value and of its daily variation is essential for many techniques for monitoring the personal exposure to UV radiation. The UVI values are usually provided by the meteorological services and nowadays it is very c...

With a growing awareness around the importance of the optimization of building efficiency, being able to make accurate predictions of building energy demand is an invaluable asset for practitioners and designers. For this reason, it is important to continually improve existing models as well as introduce new methods that can help reduce the so-call...

This study explored the impact of daylight illuminance on cognitive load during visual display terminal use by means of various physiological, performance and subjective measures. Repeated-measures design was adopted to identify the impact of variations in daylight levels that were manipulated through the shading system configurations (shading-on;...

Buildings account for the highest share of primary energy usage and greenhouse gas emission in the E.U. and U.S. [1], and most of this energy is used for space and water heating. Being able to gain a broader understanding of the gap between predicted and in situ measured thermal performance of buildings may, in a lot of cases, help reducing the ene...

Nowadays, the belief that lighting can influence comfort, productivity and people's health is well established. In educational rooms the absence of adequate levels of indoor comfort can greatly influence the learning ability of students. The evaluation of lighting indoor quality is often limited to test and check the illuminance levels of the main...

Solar Ultra-Violet (UV) radiation has positive and negative effects on human body tissues. Small doses of solar UV radiation are needed by the human skin for the activation of the vitamin D production. Overexposure to solar UV radiation can produce acute and long-term negative effects, such as sunburns and, in the worst cases, cataracts and skin ca...

According to the international technical standards, higher lighting levels (luminance and illuminance levels) are expected in trafficked and central roads (where restrictive minimum lighting requirements are necessary) and lower lighting levels are expected in peripheral and less trafficked roads. Starting from this assumption, in this paper, the a...

The authors examined the effect of external shading system on cognitive performance, alertness and visual comfort of visual display terminal (VDT) users under two realistic office lighting settings in this study. Daylight was the source of illumination being considered as the most significant and preferred one. A total of 26 participants performed...

The debate on the relevance of the global sustainability (including energy, environmental, social, economic, and political aspects) of building stock is becoming increasingly important in Europe. In this context, special attention is placed on the refurbishment of existing buildings, in particular those characterized by significant volumes and poor...

The spectral emission of LED displays has a blue component that can potentially impact human health under both the photobiological and the circadian point of view. In this paper the spectral emission of three LED display has been measured and analyzed. For each display, 21 different combinations of screen settings (white, white with black test, bla...

Street lighting is an indispensable feature for the night landscape of cities. It is important for road safety, users visual comfort, crime prevention and to augment the perceived personal safety. Realize and maintain an adequate street lighting service is very expensive for municipalities with significant impact on their budgets. For this reason,...

The lighting design of exhibition space has a great impact on visual and colour perception and different lighting arrangements can create very different visual impression of artworks and, if not carefully designed, compromise the enjoyment of the viewers. This study involved the design of a new lighting solution for two of Beato Angelico's artworks...

The Italian handicraft tradition in the construction of bowed string instruments is a very important element of the Italian cultural heritage, that has nothing to envy to other well-known traditions, such as painting and sculpture. The preservation of a handicraft musical instrument is fully incorporated in the preservation of the artworks of Itali...

HAABitat is the name of the project developed by a team of students from three different Italian Universities: the University of Pisa, the University “D’Annunzio” of Pescara, and the Second University of Naples. The aim of the project is to design, build and test an innovative self-sufficient house, which works with the sun as the only source of en...

Research data on lighting risk assessment - in situ measurements in the Hospital of Pontedera.

Slideshow of Master Thesis work on lighting risk assessment in Pontedera hospital