Giacomo Di Foggia

Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca | UNIMIB · Department of Business and Law

After having divided waste management cost in its cost items, we focus on how well-known exogenous and endogenous drivers impact on such cost items. To this end, we collected empirical data of 6,616 Italian municipalities for a two-year period. We develop four regression-based models to analyze the data according to cost items. Models are also reit...

In many European countries, waste tariff systems are being updated to take account of the consolidation of circular economy objectives. We forecast the impact of a gain-sharing cost-reflective tariff on waste management sustainability. The cost-reflective tariff generates an economic surplus for society, while meeting environmental goals. Based on...

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal service is a key element of the European strategy aimed at moving towards a circular economy. An efficient municipal solid waste collection and disposal is closely related to both lower waste tax and higher welfare of the interested population. In Italy, the lack of a centralized regulatory framework ha...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze a set of smart meters implementation projects and provide insights and recommendations to facilitate smart metering deployment strategies. Design/methodology/approach Several significant projects are analyzed on different fronts: scale, technology, economics and regulation, using a common methodology...

The paper compares the efficiency of alternative municipal solid waste management business models: a single provider against multiple providers. The drivers of municipal solid waste management costs are analysed to test the impact of the scale and scope of municipal solid waste management services on the average cost. While the business-as-usual sc...

Energy efficiency measures and Industry 4.0 investments are prominent drivers of business competitiveness and sustainability, working toward sustainable development goals and decarbonization commitments. We analyzed data from a survey of 239 Italian manufacturing firms conducted in 2021. The survey was designed to identify drivers of energy efficie...

Global climate policy commitments are encouraging the development of EU energy policies aimed at paving the way for cleaner energy systems. This article reviews key decarbonization drivers for Italy considering higher environmental targets from recent European Union climate policies. Energy efficiency, the electrification of final consumption, the...

The propensity of industrial firms to build sustainability strategies based on knowledge development is an incentive for strategies driven by environmental, social, and economic criteria. However, although firms are increasingly committed to sustainability, poor engagement may lead to strategic drifts. Energy efficiency is one of the most important...

In the context of urban policies, the circular economy can represent a virtuous model of sustainable and efficient management of resources and services for citizens, generating value for the community. Local policymakers play a central role in accelerating the circular economy transition, given that they organize and manage services that can signif...

We simulate the performance of a gain-sharing charging scheme aimed at boosting the circularity of municipal solid waste management; its effectiveness is empirically tested by comparing it with the performances of unit pricing and standard schemes. When unit pricing charging schemes are in place, environmental performance significantly improves whi...

Natural gas distribution involves delivering gas to end customers via local low-pressure pipelines and is a public service. As part of the procedure for awarding the gas distribution service, contracting authorities define the scope of programmatic guidelines whereas firms participating in the open bidding process propose development plans through...

The number of countries that have pledged to uphold the 2050 decarbonization targets is constantly growing, and many have established strategies and planned related investments for the coming years. The economic impact of decarbonization and energy efficiency policies has become a major topic of discussion in the global effort to mitigate climate c...

Municipal solid waste charging schemes can be powerful drivers for local policy efforts in reaching the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015. This paper aims to provide empirical evidence on an economic lever to meet SDG 11, Target 11.6 and SDG 12, Target 12.5 by applying the pollu...

Market-based instruments such as white certificates offer the potential to increase efficiency gains, reduce primary energy consumption and make energy systems more resilient. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the white certificate scheme through a case study analysis. In light of increasing decarbonization and energy efficiency...

Carbon pricing aims to capture the external costs of emissions and link them to their sources through a price signal, while market-based policy tools support investments in energy efficiency, rewarding investors following certified energy savings. The interplay between the emission trading system and the white certificate scheme is complex, especia...

Policies adopted to improve the competitiveness of public services include those designed to reform governance. Good governance of the waste management industry is becoming one of the most thought-provoking themes in heading toward a more circular economy. Given the complexity of this industry, the starting point for improving waste management perf...

Governance of waste management is historically based on local issues, with different applications and rules across countries. To meet the increasing number of circular economic goals, countries worldwide are seeking to improve the efficiency of waste management markets in terms of environmental performance and cost efficiency. For this market to ef...

Policies adopted to improve the competitiveness of public services include those designed to reform governance. Good governance of the waste management industry is becoming one of the most thought-provoking themes in heading toward a more circular economy. Given the complexity of this industry, the starting point for improving waste management perf...

Carbon pricing aims to capture the external costs of emissions and link them to their sources through a price signal, while market-based policy tools support investments in energy efficiency, rewarding investors following certified energy savings. The interplay between the emission trading system and the white certificate scheme is complex, especia...

Governance of waste management is historically based on local issues, with different applications and rules across countries. To meet the increasing number of circular economic goals, countries worldwide are seeking to improve the efficiency of waste management markets in terms of environmental performance and cost efficiency. For this market to ef...

Efficient packaging waste management systems are essential considering recent revisions of the European legislation on packaging waste management that sets ambitious targets. European rules aim to deal with the increasing quantities of packaging waste, which cause environmental problems. Consequently, it is necessary to identify functional packagin...

Urban and regional transition towards circular economy can be undermined by policy and cultural barriers. A brief inquiriy has been led by ICESP GdL 5, throughout structured interviews addressing policy officers in several Italian case studies. The position paper illustrates shortly the information gathetered, showing the state of art of the trans...

In light of the organizational dynamics of services of economic interest, the regulation of municipal solid waste management is a critical issue to deal with so as to achieve sustainability goals in the coming decades. The European circular economy targets limit the share of municipal waste in landfills to a maximum of 10% by 2035. Consequently, wa...

In light of the organizational dynamics of services of economic interest, the regulation of municipal solid waste management is a critical issue to deal with so as to achieve sustainability goals in the coming decades. The European circular economy targets limit the share of municipal waste in landfills to a maximum of 10% by 2035. Consequently, wa...

Il servizio di distribuzione del gas naturale è una eccellenza industriale dell'Italia. Gli impianti sono dati in concessione dagli Enti locali ai gestori: la normativa di legge prevede che gli affidamenti siano riassegnati tramite gara che tuttavia incagliate e stentano a decollare. Il CESISP ha approfondito l’analisi del procedimento amministrati...

Low-carbon economy roadmaps aim to reduce transport emissions by relying, at least to some extent, on electric vehicles. The uptake of electric vehicles on a mass scale requires the simultaneous adoption of such vehicles for private and commercial purposes. Although literature regarding the private sphere is consistent, there is comparatively less...

In many European countries, waste tariff systems are being updated to take account of the consolidation of circular economy objectives. We forecast the impact of a gain-sharing cost-reflective tariff on waste management sustainability. The cost-reflective tariff generates an economic surplus for society, while meeting environmental goals. Based on...

Waste management capacity plays a prominent role in complying with circular economy goals, such as reducing municipal waste disposal by landfilling to 10%. We first analyze the imbalance in municipal solid waste management across Italy by estimating the quantities of waste to be treated using technologies different from those currently in use. Subs...

After having divided waste management cost in its cost items, we focus on how well-known exogenous and endogenous drivers impact on such cost items. To this end, we collected empirical data of 6,616 Italian municipalities for a two-year period. We develop four regression-based models to analyze the data according to cost items. Models are also reit...

Low-carbon economy roadmaps aim to reduce transport emissions by relying, at least to some extent, on electric vehicles. The uptake of electric vehicles on a mass scale requires the simultaneous adoption of such vehicles for private and commercial purposes. Although literature regarding the private sphere is consistent, there is comparatively less...

Transition to a low-carbon, energy-efficient economy presents an opportunity to enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of manufacturing firms. The integration of energy-efficiency solutions into products resembles the concept of servitization that is now a lever for product competitiveness and, in turn, business performance. Based on empiri...

Waste management capacity plays a prominent role in complying with circular economy goals, such as reducing municipal waste disposal by landfilling to 10%. We first analyze the imbalance in municipal solid waste management across Italy by estimating the quantities of waste to be treated using technologies different from those currently in use. Subs...

The municipal solid waste collection and disposal service is a key element of the European strategy aimed at moving towards a circular economy. An efficient municipal solid waste collection and disposal is closely related to both lower waste tax and higher welfare of the interested population. In Italy, the lack of a centralized regulatory framewor...

Policies for steering energy efficiency projects have multiple implications. Among others: economic opportunity, decrease of greenhouse gas emissions, security of supply, technological development. One of the key new instruments foreseen to support energy efficiency improvements is the energy efficiency certificate (EEC). Focusing on the industrial...

Che cosa si intenda e come migliorare la competitività di un territorio è argomento di numerosi dibattiti tra accademici, comunità del mondo imprenditoriale, istituzioni e policy maker. E non da poco tempo. Per esempio ai più potrebbe venir in mente il celebre trattato sulla ricchezza delle nazioni di Adam Smith e, come approccio non è cambiato mol...

La regolazione dei servizio di gestione rifiuti urbani. Il CESISP pubblica il primo rapporto focalizzato sulla regolazione del servizio. Il tema della gestione dei rifiuti è estremamente complicato e rimanda ad una pluralità di piani, che riguardano attori, interessi e possibili modalità di azione parecchio differenziati. Il rapporto, destinato agl...

Purpose. We analyze a set of smart meters implementation projects and provide insights and recommendations to facilitate smart metering deployment strategies. Design/methodology/approach. Several significant projects are analyzed on different fronts: scale, technology, economics, and regulation using a common methodology to unfold patterns that con...

Governments, worldwide, are committed to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In a context where urban agglomerates consume roughly 80% of the global energy, of which buildings account for 40%, energy-efficient buildings can make a significant contribution to meeting SDGs 11 and 13. Currently, the implementation of energy efficiency meas...

Il presente studio focalizzato su Alitalia utilizza le informazioni disponibili alla data del 30.4.2018. Esso sarà oggetto di aggiornamento in funzione della disponibilità futura di dati e informazioni rilevanti. La prima parte dello studio esamina le caratteristiche del mercato italiano del trasporto aereo nel periodo 2004-2016 e il ruolo in esso...

L’assetto organizzativo del trasporto pubblico locale in Italia ed in Europa è stato caratterizzato per molti decenni dall’affidamento diretto dei servizi nelle medie e grandi aree urbane ad aziende sotto il diretto controllo dell’ente locale; nel settore del trasporto extraurbano su gomma si è registrata la compresenza di società private e pubblic...

The circular economy requires well-functioning waste management systems. In this regards, packaging waste management (PWM) plays a key role. The Italian PWM system bases on a consortium with operate in compliance with the extended producer responsibility. The key financial mechanism ruling the functioning of the system is the so-called environment...

In Italy, costs related to the waste collection and disposal service are financed by the tax on waste (tari). Nevertheless, the lack of an organic and centralised regulatory framework has determined heterogeneous economic performances of operators within different optimal territorial contexts (ato). This analysis aims to estimate both the efficienc...

One of the paradigms of the Infrastructure-driven development concept is the idea that public policies shall direct consistent resources towards infrastructures to stimulate growth in economically lagging regions. Nonetheless, despite the general macro implications for growth demonstrated by several studies, the impact of infrastructure on local gr...

The efficiency of policies in steering the implementation of energy efficiency (EE) projects has multiple implications including economic opportunity such as reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, security of supply, technological development opportunity for industry. One of the key new instruments foreseen to support EE improvements is the EE cert...

Air pollution and traffic congestion concerns many cities around the world, no exception for Europe where almost a third of urban citizens must cope with worrying levels of air pollution that exceed some of the European air quality standards. Urban deliveries generally contribute to problems such as pollution, noise, congestion and unsafe environme...

The public expenditure on railways is largely unexplored in Europe. This is surprising because the size of government financial support to the industry is remarkable. Filling a dozen years of missing information, this paper rebuilds the total public spending on the Italian railway since 1992 making it comparable. This research complements a signifi...

The Circular Economy package may contribute to economic growth with new job creation, added value, reduced greenhouse gas emissions and administrative burden. Focusing on higher materials recycling target, this paper appraises the economic implications. The hypothesis that higher recycling targets are associated with positive effects on job creatio...

It is a well-known fact that reforms necessary to enhance competition and make the economy more attractive play a major role in the Government activity in Europe. Considering the Italian state of affairs, this paper focuses on the inefficiency of public producers in the light of certain market and legal impediments. This paper describes key barrier...

Infrastructure is widely recognized as a key ingredient in a country’s economic success. However many issues surrounding infrastructure management are not well analysed. This paper assesses the performance of rail infrastructures management. Focusing on key European countries this study monitors the factors directly related to the effective allocat...

Focusing on key aspects of network industries, this study investigates recent dynamics of global aviation industry on a temporal and business organization basis. Specifically, the study focuses on companies based in both estabilished and prominent global markets such as the USA, Europe, Asia and Middle East. The paper presents comparable data on pr...

There is renewed interest in the role that utilities controlled by local public entities can play in promoting economic development, but also in the role that these firms have on the financial stability of the controlling bodies. Almost all urban governing authorities rely on utilities to deliver goods and services. Provided that these utilities ar...

This paper aims to reconstruct the total amount of public expenditure on railways in key European Countries. The analysis bases on data referring to: Italy, Great Britain, Germany, France and Sweden. The main objective is to evaluate the appropriateness of transfers granted in view of containing and rationalizing public expenditure, improving overa...

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyse the role and scope of revenue management and its impact on performance of Italian tourism industry. The paper takes into consideration exogenous factors that may enable or prevent business success. Prior research shed light from different lens. Design/methodology/approach – Research design relies on an...

Qual è, e quale è stato in un arco temporale ampio, l’onere complessivo per le finanze pubbliche italiane derivante dal trasporto ferroviario? E’ stato ed è maggiore o minore rispetto agli altri paesi, tenuto conto delle diverse dimensioni delle reti e del traffico? Si può, in un’ottica di spending review, ridurlo? I governi che si sono succeduti s...

This paper examines the pricing models for the use of the railway infrastructure in some European countries. A regulatory environment shall guarantee fair access to essential facilities, specifically in presence of vertically related markets and the existence of an essential facility provided only by one firm. This paper considers two pricing model...

Il presente studio esamina oltre un secolo di bilanci dell’azienda postale italiana, dalla “Belle epoque” all’epoca Sarmi, con la finalità di individuare nei diversi momenti storici gli oneri a carico della finanza pubblica, derivanti da passivi di bilancio ripianati e da altri trasferimenti all’azienda, e di misurarne l’impatto sull’attuale stock...

Based on an international survey of 674 travel services related firms based in Italy, France, UK, Germany and Spain, this paper analyses the effects of business orientation, marketing and communication skills, ICT and HR on performance. This study is based on a mixed methods research relying on both theoretical assumptions and statistical technique...

This paper focuses on the influence of decisions made by government and market structure on productivity of innovation activities. People expect state representatives to manage public resources accurately and pursuit the most desirable community surplus in terms of economic welfare. Businesses presume policy-takers to legislate in an effort to guar...

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the evolution of both schemes and levels of public support to railway sector in selected European countries. Although prior research sheds some light on this topic, more information is required to clarify national obligations under European railway liberalisation law regarding incentives toward railway und...

Dopo aver ricostruito il quadro istituzionale relativo all’erogazione di aiuti di Stato al settore ferroviario nell’Unione Europea, in questa seconda parte del lavoro, si quantificano le dimensioni finanziarie del fenomeno, dedicando particolare attenzione ai paesi di maggiori dimensioni nei quali la rete è più estesa e il traffico più consistente....

This paper explores the access charge for the use of the Italian rail infrastructure. Access problems arise when the provision of a complete service to end users requires the combination of two or more inputs, one of which is non-competitive (OECD, 2004). It is a well-known fact that excessive access charges mean higher prices for rail passengers a...

Literature suggests that family firms are characterized by specific values and resources (i.e. risk aversion; family identity and SEW preservation; limited cognitive resources; social capital) and that these values/resources exert a role in shaping family firms’ behaviour also as concerns strategic partnering. However, literature recognizes also th...

This paper is aimed at analysing state aid to the railway sector in selected countries of the European Union. Although this is a preliminary exercise, literature lacks of specificity. From the analysis, a highly differentiated situation emerges: a group of countries with permanently lower subsidies (the Iberians, the Scandinavians and Austria); a g...

Place competitiveness and entrepreneurship is becoming more and more central in the economic debate on microeconomic of development. We focus on the interlinkages between public administration and business development as It is important to shed light on implemented reforms across countries and over time. Prior research shows that appropriate form a...

Proseguendo il lavoro sviluppato su incarico dell'Ufficio di Presidenza del Consiglio regionale della Lombardia con la ricerca “Gli enti locali nella transizione verso il federalismo” sono stati realizzati alcuni paper di approfondimento che, a partire dalla spending review, forniscono un quadro dei problemi e delle opportunità che le norme offrono...

Firms entering new markets face a difficult challenge: how to manage the innovation process to satisfy specific clients’ requests. In view of its geographical location and business friendly policies Dubai has become the gateway between East and West. Thus, European travel & tourism industry predicts business development. Prior research suggests th...

Il rapporto di ricerca raccoglie le elaborazioni prodotte ed i documenti di rendicontazione delle attività svolte come richiesto dall’incarico affidato ad Éupolis da parte di Regione Lombardia, DG Semplificazione e Digitalizzazione, DG Protezione Civile, Polizia Locale e Sicurezza e Funzione Specialistica Promozione del Territorio e Montagna. La p...

In che senso e in che modo può essere libera la Pubblica Amministrazione? Evi- dentemente non nello stesso dei cittadini e delle imprese per i quali si può valutare con una relativa facilità se godono delle libertà personali ed economiche, per esempio se possono diventare operatori su un determinato mercato o se invece barriere legali, ostacoli reg...

Lo studio analizza gli aspetti economici della determinazione dei canoni di accesso alle reti di trasporto ferroviario nei principali paesi europei. Particolare attenzione è dedicata da un lato ai paesi che si sono dotati di linee ad alta velocità e all'analisi dei criteri di definizione delle relative tariffe d'uso; dall'altro lato ai paesi che si...

Il tema della Mobilità Sostenibile è oggetto di uno dei Laboratori della Fondazione EnergyLab. Come ognuno degli altri Laboratori (sul Nucleare, sulle Energie Rinnovabili, sulle Smart Grid, sull’Accesso all’Energia), anche quello sulla Mobilità Sostenibile svolge una serie di attività che variano dalla ricerca alla realizzazione di seminari e conve...

The Halal global market is promising a rapid and sustained growth (Berry 2008; Sungkar et al., 2008). In fact, only for Halal food industry, the amount of international trade has exceeded 2.1 trillion USD in 2006 (Berry 2008; Riaz and Chaudry 2004). The reasons of the prompt growing are multiple, but mainly due to (1) the rapid spread of the Islami...