German Gemar

• PhD in Economics and Business Administration
• Professor at University of Malaga

Although Malaga is a major tourist destination, research focused on the coastal area. However, the interior of the province has a growing tourism industry, so this tourism industry needs to be studied. The goal of this study was to analyse the attractiveness of this destination through the perceived quality of tourists’ experiences, measuring the e...

Economic development and the search for competitiveness have become key issues in regions' economic success. However, despite the direct relationship between economic and environmental management, few land-use plans consider the latter aspect, and city managers delegate the responsibility for environmental impacts to state legislation and private i...

Improving the performance of wastewater treatment plants is essential to ensuring their long-term sustainability. Most of the previous studies on this topic have assessed the techno-economic efficiency of wastewater treatment plants and ignored the emission of greenhouse gases. For the first time, the weighted Russell directional distance model was...

This study sought to create and test a customer-based brand equity model for Spanish hotels with TripAdvisor data. Using a sample of 1514 hotels and structural equation modelling with an asymptotically distribution-free method, a valid basic, unified model was developed. The results confirm the viability of online data for brand equity research. Th...

The main objective of this study is an analysis of survival in the Spanish hotel industry. We used a sample of 1033 hotels opened from 1997 to 2009, examining financial and non-financial variables, including size; location; type of hotel; management, economic and financial structure and the year they opened, whether during an expansion or crisis pe...

This study investigates the intricate relationship between local development initiatives and tourism, with a specific focus on their impacts. By utilizing input-output matrices and a survey-based vector of tourist expenditure, we calculate both direct and indirect effects using accounting multipliers. The study assesses the potential return on inve...

This study aims to provide guidelines for decision makers of cultural cities in relation to the determinants of tourists' length of stay, a critical variable of the success of a tourist destination, and a guide for the correct urban planning of the destination. For this purpose, a zero-truncated negative binomial model and a zero-truncated Poisson...

Una adecuada identificación y cuantificación de costos ocultos de la gestión de recursos humanos contribuye a aumentar la efectividad en la gestión empresarial. Actualmente, en muchas empresas no se reflejan los costos ocultos en sus balances económicos, ni en sus registros financieros. El objetivo es analizar los resultados de la aplicación de un...

Improving the eco-efficiency of municipalities in the provision of municipal solid waste (MSW) services is fundamental in the context of a circular economy. This study evaluates the eco-efficiency of a sample of Spanish municipalities, integrating the total cost as input, recyclable waste as desirable output, and unsorted waste as undesirable outpu...

Las competencias, así como su gestión; surgen como una herramienta estratégica para enfrentar los desafíos que impone el mundo empresarial y como elemento esencial en la gestión de recursos humanos. La identificación de las mismas tiende a realizarse a partir de la percepción que tengan expertos seleccionados acerca de los conocimientos, habilidade...

This study sought to analyze the effect of the climate of tourists' region of origin on their length of stay in a specific inland destination as climate of origin has been ignored in previous analyses. The present study collected data from 674 valid surveys of visitors in the selected destination and applied a zero-truncated negative binomial regre...

The objective of the investigation is to identify the existing dysfunctions and hidden costs in competency management. Theoretical methods are used; analysis and synthesis, inductive and deductive, and a three-stage procedure is applied, which is shown in a case study carried out in a hotel in the historic center of Havana. As a result, the quantif...

The Fifth Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates an increase in average temperatures and a 10–20% precipitation decrease for the Mediterranean region, which will likely generate drought events in the Guadalorce River watershed. This study attempts to determinate the potential impacts that climate change may h...

In the tourism industry, visiting tourists’ intentions have been the subject of numerous investigations for decades. However, the factors determining choices of specific tourist destinations have still not been clearly defined. The country of origin’s culture has been widely acknowledged to be a key element in variations in tourists’ behaviours. Th...

This study’s primary objective was to analyse the factors influencing overall customer satisfaction with tourism resources by applying two similar techniques with different approaches. A survey was conducted between June and December 2017, producing a total of 171 valid forms. Importance performance analysis (IPA) and asymmetric impact-performance...

The Internet’s role in global market development merits more extensive research, which is especially true for Spain’s tourism industry because of its contribution to the national economy. The Web’s intangible nature also makes it the most effective distribution channel. To help companies differentiate their websites, this study tested a model of pu...

It is essential to assess the productivity of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)to improve their economic and technical performance over time. In doing so, reliable indexes should be used to avoid biased conclusions leading to unsuccessful policy and managerial measures. Ratio-based indexes are typically employed, but are infeasible when any of th...

The hotel sector in the historic center of Havana reveals deficiencies in customer satisfaction regarding human resource. This research is aimed at analyzing the results of the implementation of a continuous improvement of human resource management that allows the enhancement of services quality, assuming the Cuban norm. The main results show that...

This study sought to assess customers' willingness to pay for a wide variety of characteristics and attributes of hotels in Portugal's Algarve region. After collecting nearly all the information available on TripAdvisor for hotels in this region, a hedonic pricing model was developed using a database of 9992 cases. The results suggest that -after s...

Purpose – This study aims to examine variables influencing resort hotels’ survival in Spain, which had not previously been analysed. In this country, determining whether the reasons resort hotels close are different from other hotels could be imperative to resort hotels’ survival. Design/methodology/approach – The survival analysis used Cox’s semi-...

The impact of destinations' attributes on hotel rates in different locations has been insufficiently compared the existing literature. This study sought to apply the hedonic pricing method to measure and compare how room prices are affected by factors that are both external and inherent to hotel companies. After collecting nearly all the data regar...

This paper addresses the problems of scant research on the Province of Malaga's interior and heterogeneous results of research on length of stay. Based on a negative binomial regression model and data from 675 surveys, the results suggest that two different patterns coexist simultaneously regarding variables’ impacts on the length of stay of nation...

El desarrollo de mercados globales debido a Internet hace interesante su estudio referido al ámbito empresarial, especialmente en torno al turismo, no sólo por la notable contribución de este sector a la economía española, sino también por la naturaleza intangible de los servicios ofrecidos, haciendo de Internet el canal de distribución más efectiv...

En el sector turístico, la intención de visita del turista ha sido objeto de numerosas investigaciones desde hace décadas, sin embargo los factores determinantes de la elección del destino turístico no han quedado claramente definidos. La cultura del país de origen se ha reconocido como elemento clave a la hora de discernir las conductas tan variad...

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la formación de la satisfacción general del consumidor hacia un recurso turístico aplicando dos técnicas similares con diferentes enfoques. El Análisis de Importancia-Rendimiento (IPA), ampliamente utilizado gracias a su simplicidad y su facilidad de interpretación, y el denominado modelo de Asimétrico de...

This paper describes the gross domestic product and hydrological environment service method for assessing the socio-economic consequences of implementing necessary measures for safeguarding the quality of groundwater for human consumption and eliminating the risk of pollution. This method assesses the positive and negative impacts of designations o...

En los últimos años un elemento que ha evolucionado en el ámbito de la reflexión teórica con relación a la gestión organizacional, el humano, verdadero factor determinante de la nueva economía y por lo que hay que gestionar adecuadamente todos los elementos laborales que se mueven a su alrededor. La carga económica debida al tiempo perdido, las inc...

The objective of this study was to propose and test a methodology that allow destination managers and hoteliers improve the allocation of resources. For this purpose, this paper analysed the impact of both establishment (e.g. category, size and location) and assessment variables of services included in hotel room prices using hedonic price regressi...

Eco-efficiency assessment is a useful tool for improving the sustainability of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, it is a complex task that requires the integration of several performance indicators into a single index. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is established as a highly effective methodology for achieving this as it permits the i...

Despite measurement difficulties, several studies have recognized the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a tool to promote sustainability. The aim of this paper is to design a model to measure the implementation of CSR practices in hotels in two well‐known tourist regions, namely the Algarve in Portugal and the Costa del Sol in...

Improving eco-efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been identified as being essential for achieving urban sustainability. Several previous papers have evaluated the eco-efficiency of WWTPs using data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. However, those models provided only a static assessment in that they ignored possible fluctuations...

Work Organization plays a fundamental role in process efficiency; several authors suggest the need to evaluate its impact on company results through management indicators. In addition, french studies have shown that time administration can cause malfunctions and influence in these hidden costs. Moreover, the International Labor Organization has def...

The purpose of this study is to explore the main differences in key variables of winemaking companies in view of their consideration as a family business in Spain. Using a database of 520 wineries with the main variables used in the literature, this paper analyses the differences between being a family or a non-family winery on the performance, siz...

The purpose of this study is to explore the main differences in key variables of winemaking companies in view of their consideration as a family business in Spain. Using a database of 520 wineries with the main variables used in the literature, this paper analyses the differences between being a family or a non-family winery on the performance, siz...

Benchmarking the performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is essential for promoting their long-term sustainability. Recent research has applied data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to evaluate the efficiency of WWTPs providing a synthetic index of their performance. However, the traditional DEA is a deterministic method; therefore, reg...

The aim of this study is to explore the determinants of length of stay in an inland destination. The length of the stay has generally been studied in beach destinations and with survival models of duration. In the present work, a survey of tourists in an interior destination was carried out and negative binomial regression was used as methodology....

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of the tourist destination in the hotel business. For this purpose, a hedonic price model is used that compares the influence of destination attributes with other variables of the hotel firm. The hedonic price model is presented as appropriate to develop this type of analysis. This study suggests th...

The purpose of this study is to explore in measuring the quality of the tourist experience of an inland destination. The work has been carried out by means of a survey of tourists at destination. Using a factorial analysis different constructs were defined to decompose the influence of each involved agent: a construct relative to the tourist busine...

Despite its importance as a tourist attraction, sparse research regarding tourism and hospitality has been focused on Seville’s April Fair. That is why the main purpose of this paper is to assess the impact the April Fair and other key elements have on hotels, using the wellknown hedonic price model and a database of 1,548 items compiled using Trip...

Los grupos heterogéneos de alumnos son un reto en el contexto actual, ya que los grupos más pequeños, unidos a una mayor demanda de personalización de los contenidos y las clases han obligado a replantear las estrategias docentes en enseñanza superior. Alumnos con experiencia laboral previa o estudiantes que retoman sus estudios universitarios tras...

En los últimos años ha crecido el interés por la inteligencia emocional (IE), la educación basada en competencias y el uso de técnicas de aprendizaje experimental y sobre todo como estas afectan no solo en el desarrollo educativo sino en el entorno profesional. El outdoor training (OT) se define como una metodología de aprendizaje que utiliza la n...

Despite the importance to Seville of its April Fair and the tourists it attracts, sparse research regarding tourism and hospitality around this event has been focused on the city. That is why the main purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the April Fair and other key elements on hotels, using the well-known hedonic prices method and a da...

La demografía empresarial estudia la entrada, supervivencia y salida de empresas del mercado. Decidir entrar en el mercado debe ser un proceso prudente y con riguroso estudio, pues generalmente compromete muchos recursos, cuando nos referimos al mercado hotelero. Qué características mínimas tiene que tener una empresa para entrar en el mercado ha s...

La inversión pública juega un importante papel en el desarrollo local de los municipios. El diferente crecimiento económico de determinadas regiones se explica en muchos casos por la acertada inversión pública. En este trabajo se analiza mediante un caso concreto cómo una zona turísticamente deprimida puede convertirse en un destino emergente en un...

En los últimos años ha crecido el interés por la inteligencia emocional (IE) (Boyatzis et al., 1995), la educación basada en competencias (Goleman, 1998) y el uso de técnicas de aprendizaje experimental (Chapman y Lumsdon, 1983) y sobre todo como estas afectan no solo en el desarrollo educativo sino en el entorno profesional. El outdoor training...

Los grupos heterogéneos de alumnos son un reto en el contexto actual, ya que los grupos más pequeños, unidos a una mayor demanda de personalización de los contenidos y las clases han obligado a replantear las estrategias docentes en enseñanza superior. Alumnos con experiencia laboral previa o estudiantes que retoman sus estudios universitarios tras...

This study analyzed the determinants of eco-innovation in a sample of companies drawn from several sectors of economic activity in Spain and studied similarities and differences in their activity. The analysis used information obtained from the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) database created by the Spanish Institute of Statistics. The metho...

The customers often choose their hotels online according to previous customers’ comments. It is well known the importance for lodging firms of managing properly their E-word of mouth (E-wom) when it comes to the brand reputation. However, as Schukert et al pointed out in 2015, there’s still a lack of research on the relationship between E-wom and t...

This paper seeks to address the lack of empirical research on family businesses in the Spanish hotel industry. Through a hedonic price model applied to Malaga hotels, this study assessed the impact on hotel room prices of whether or not a hotel is a family business. The results show that, when being a family-business hotel is considered, this has a...

Tourism and the environment are two closely related concepts. Environmental abuse can result in deteriorating environments with dramatic implications for tourism, which is why more tourism organisations and hotels have been gradually implementing environmental management policies. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of market posi...

This paper seeks to address the lack of empirical research on family businesses in the Spanish hotel industry. Through a hedonic price model applied to Malaga hotels, this study assessed the impact on hotel room prices of whether or not a hotel is a family business. The results show that, when being a family-business hotel is considered, this has a...

We have analysed the importance of companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) and how the relationship between CSR and financial performance has been scientifically studied. It is clear that the literature offers contradictory results. This debate is particularly relevant in the hotel sector due to the intense relationship and dependency this...

We have analysed the importance of companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) and how the relationship between CSR and financial performance has been scientifically studied. It is clear that the literature offers contradictory results. This debate is particularly relevant in the hotel sector due to the intense relationship and dependency this...

Social media are utilised widely. Companies increasingly use social media to communicate and interact with customers. Much information is thereby generated and is available to everybody, including competitors. Firms need to analyse what their customers say and interact with them. Using text mining tools, companies can know where they are in relatio...

This paper analyses a study of the influence of “cultural distance” on the internationalisation of Spanish hotel companies. To define “cultural distance” we rely on Gesteland’s model which allows measurement of this for each destination. Interpretation of the behaviour of people in a given country involves certain especially relevant variables. We...

This paper analyses a study of the influence of “cultural distance” on the internationalisation of Spanish hotel companies. To define “cultural distance” we rely on Gesteland’s model which allows measurement of this for each destination. Interpretation of the behaviour of people in a given country involves certain especially relevant variables. We...

This paper analyses the evolution of the Spanish hotel industry at the international level, aiming at the identification of its challenges for the year 2020. Strategic management lies at the core of our analysis, and more specifically “Strategic Logic”, a tool that allows a prospective analysis in terms of investment returns. We specify different s...

This paper analyses the evolution of the Spanish hotel industry at the international level, aiming at the identification of its challenges for the year 2020. Strategic management lies at the core of our analysis, and more specifically “Strategic Logic”, a tool that allows a prospective analysis in terms of investment returns. We specify different s...

Plasmamos en este trabajo un estudio sobre la evolución de la industria hotelera española a nivel internacional, en aras a identificar los retos de actuación en el horizonte 2020. Nos basamos para ello en el uso de la “Lógica Estratégica” que permite un análisis de prospectiva en términos de rentabilidad de inversiones. Especificamos, dentro de la...