Gergely JakabGeographical Institute Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences · Department of Physical Geography
Gergely Jakab
PhD
About
157
Publications
36,155
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1,234
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Introduction
Additional affiliations
November 2017 - present
January 2017 - present
Eötvös Loránd University
Position
- Professor (Associate)
January 2000 - present
Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Position
- Senior Researcher
Education
September 2005 - June 2008
September 1992 - June 1997
Pannon University
Field of study
- Agriculture
Publications
Publications (157)
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key property for both fertility and carbon
level control in the atmosphere. SOC changes in soils are ruled by tillage
and erosion. Initial SOC erosion was investigated using a laboratory
rainfall simulator. Six precipitation events were modelled on cultivated,
bare Cambisol monolith with various slope steepness and su...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) has primary importance in terms of soil physics, soil fertility and even of climate change control. One hundred soil samples were taken from an intensively cultivated Cambisol to quantify SOC redistribution triggered by soil erosion under a subhumid climate, by the simultaneous application of diffuse reflectance (240–1 900...
Iron minerals – which behave as indicators in earthly and Martian environments – can be identified by UV-VIS-NIR reflectance spectroscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the spectra of various soils and sediments all of which contain iron minerals but developed under different environmental conditions. To identify the mineral of the sediments...
Soil erosion has a significant role in ecology, economy and in environmental protection therefore its quantification and prediction are very important, particularly on a national level. Although some details can be described using physical equations, the entire soil erosion process is rather complicated and can be determined only empirically, which...
The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of biological geotextiles on soil erosion and on the main physical (porosity, texture), chemical (soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN)) and biological (cellulose decomposition activity) properties of the topsoil. 16 runoff plots were installed in Abaujszanto, NE Hungary, on a slope...
Background and aims
To provide insight into the patterns of soil organic matter decomposition, changes in the quantity of biopolymers and the correlation between them were followed using 2D correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) FTIR.
Methods
Soil organic matter fractions with different vegetation/land use (grass, spruce, oak and arable) were examined i...
Urbanization has resulted in the widespread development of built-up areas, often without considering the local geology and geomorphology. To improve risk assessments related to landslides, it is essential to determine the physical and chemical properties of sediments. The aim of this study is to exemplify an already mobilized and reworked layer bas...
Soil organic matter (SOM) concentration and composition are essential properties that affect most functions and ecosystem services. The relationship between soil and environmental covariates regarding SOM concentration and composition in various pools is not completely understood. This study aimed to identify the most influential drivers of SOM sta...
Rare earth elements (REEs) have been successfully used as tracers in field-scale erosion experiments to provide
spatially distributed erosion data for process-based soil erosion models. This study aimed to demonstrate how
differences in the erodibility of individual REEs naturally present in the soil affect the evaluation of data from
such experime...
Background and aims
This work aimed to determine how the soil parameters affect the magnitude and direction of priming effect (accelerated or decreased decomposition of native SOM under addition of new organic substrates, PE) in temperate acidic forest soils.
Methods
Thirteen topsoil samples were incubated for 163 days with the addition of maize r...
Site-specific management requires the identification of treatment areas based on homogeneous characteristics. This study aimed to determine whether soil mapping based on apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC a) is suitable for mapping soil properties of fields with topographic heterogeneity. Research was conducted on two neighbouring fields in...
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry and human medicine and are therefore released into environmental systems in significant quantities. Because of its targeted antibacterial action, it directly disrupts the soil microbial ecosystem and alters soil carbon fixation. In order to maintain soil microbial communities and preve...
Loess-paleosol layers are prevalent globally. One result of the urbanization, these layers often collapse on the buildings or if the buildings are the top of the bluff, houses can damage as a result of mass movements. Therefore, it is crucial to identify key parameters to predict the changes in the loess-paleosol layers stability. This study focuse...
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR DRIFT) is a widely used method
for investigating soil organic materials. The existing literature suggests variations in sample
preparation techniques for soil analysis. Notably, the powdering and drying method may influence
the presence of organic materials, clay minerals, and carbon...
Sheet erosion is a complex multi-factor-dependent process with high spatial heterogeneity on hillslopes. Although the individual factors have been well studied, their aggregated effect on size-selective erosional processes is highly uncertain. Therefore, this study concentrates on the aggregate size distribution and effective particle size distribu...
The negative effect of intensive ploughing tillage (PT) on soil structure and organic carbon content is widely known and proven. Tillage without inversion is a possible solution for mitigating soil degradation, but little data is available on its long-term effects in Hungary. Our objective was therefore to examine the quantitative and qualitative p...
Conservation tillage (CT) is a ploughless tillage with a reduced number of operations, and its positive effect on soil functions and health is widely known. Multivariate analyses are required to choose indicators that adequately characterize the changes in soil health. However, there is little research on the comprehensive analysis of the full spec...
Stakeholders and policymakers have been becoming more and more interested not just in the potential organic carbon (SOC) saturation level of soils but also in spatially explicit information on the degree of SOC deficit, which can support future policy and sustainable management strategies, and carbon sequestration-associated spatial planning. Thus...
Loess-paleosol bluffs can become unstable as a result of urbanization when houses are being built on them because of the panorama. The general effect of water in landslides is well known but still a hot topic. In this study, we explore the connection of landslides to weather conditions, such as the amount of rainfall or water level changes of the R...
Loess-paleosol bluffs can be unstable, but in the course of urbanization, houses may be built in such locations to take advantage of the view. One factor affecting the stability of such bluffs is water, the role of which in mass movements is well established. In this study, the connection of mass movements to meteorological conditions, such as rain...
Soil organic matter (SOM) loss due to intensive cultivation is the focus of studies on climate change and food security. Dropping tillage intensity has been widely reported as a potential tool for SOM increase; however, the chemical composition, storage mechanisms, and vertical distribution of SOM gain are not fully understood, especially in calcar...
The effects of land use change on soil organic carbon (SOC) content have been investigated extensively. However, little research has been conducted on how soil organic matter (SOM) chemistry changes under different land use management practices, particularly with different soil cultivation methods. Thus, in this study, we compared the effects of va...
Purpose
The aim of this work was to determine the characteristics of SOM decomposition under forest vegetation and to investigate the influence of soil mineralogy on SOM turnover.
Methods
Thirteen Hungarian forest topsoil samples amended with maize residues were incubated at 20 °C for 163 days. The CO 2 evolved was measured and the fast and slow d...
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key soil quality property, indicative of the organic matter stored in the soil, which may also be a function of temporal variation. This study examines whether DOM is a robust property of the soil, controlling fertility, or if it may change with time. Altogether eight sets of soil samples were collected in 2018 a...
Within the soil spectroscopy community, there is an ongoing discussion addressing the comparison of the performance of prediction models built on a global calibration database, versus a local calibration database. In this study, this issue is addressed by spiking of global databases with local samples. The soil samples were analysed with MIR and XR...
Understanding how the chemical composition of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM) is affected by environment factors is critical because these labile pools of carbon are involved in an array of biological, chemical and physical processes. In this study, the chemical composition of DOM and POM was measured in 13 forest soils using...
Small streams are crucial but vulnerable elements of ecological networks. To better understand the occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in streams, this study focused on the occurrence, distribution, and environmental risk of 111 PhACs and 7 trace elements based on a total of 141 water and sediment samples from small streams loca...
The current study compares the phosphorus (P) analysis methods of ammonium lactate (AL), Mehlich 3 (M3); water extraction (P-WA(P)&P-WA(PO4)), cobalt hexamine (CoHex) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as an estimate of total soil P. The ratio of the P-content/XRF was first calculated and compared with the whole dataset. Based on the comparison of all th...
This paper focuses on the vertical distribution and characterisation of pedogenic iron forms in a Gleysol- Histosol transect developed in a marshy area in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve, Hungary. Four soil profiles were investigated along a series of increasing waterlogging and spatial and temporal patterns of hydromorphic pedofeatures (characteristic...
Climate change induces more extreme precipitation events, which increase the amount of soil loss. There are continuous requests from the decision-makers in the European Union to provide data on soil loss; the question is, which ones should we use? The paper presents the results of USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation), RUSLE (Revised USLE), USLE-M (U...
The optical and fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter are widely used to estimate the soil organic matter composition. To do so, various absorbance and fluorescence properties of soil extracts are investigated using various indicators such as the alkali-extracted fulvic acid (FA) fraction and the water-extractable organic matter (WEOM...
Pedogenesis is considered a long-term environmental process; however, it can be accelerated by periodic water saturation (hydric conditions). The exact nature and effectiveness of hydric conditions in the intensification of soil development are not clear yet. Our understanding of the timescales of the mineralogical changes occurring in soils is lim...
Understanding how the chemical composition of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM) is affected by environment factors is critical because these labile pools of carbon are involved in an array of biological, chemical and physical processes. In this study, the chemical composition of DOM and POM was measured in 13 forest soils using...
The role of the chemical properties of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (PhACs) in their sorption behaviour and consequently in their fate and mobility is of major environmental interest, but a comprehensive evaluation is still lacking. The sorption of nine PhAC molecules with distinct physico-chemical properties on soils and goethite was describe...
The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in drinking waters might pose a serious threat to human health worldwide. Therefore, this study sought to measure PhACs in Danube-derived tap water from the Budapest metropolitan region (Hungary), and to compare the results of those measured in the bank filtrate after which a human health ri...
Zn is an essential micronutrient involved in a wide variety of physiological processes. Soils are tested for zinc in many countries with several extractants. Each country has its validated methods, best-suited for its soils. The current study was designed to compare different zinc content measuring methods with seventy-one samples from Hungary. The...
Land evaluation is a key factor in land-use spatial planning, affecting both success and sustainability. This study showcases the value of using the multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) and multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) GIS decision-making tools determine the most favorable spatial development of various land-use types, for Qaleh Ganj County in...
Conservation tillage (CT) is of primary importance in food security, soil conservation, and sustainable development , even though its comprehensive effects on runoff (RO) and soil loss (SL) are still not fully understood. In 2004, a field-scale study was launched in southwest Hungary to investigate the long-term (16 years) effects of CT on RO, SL a...
Background
In recent years, there are growing concerns about pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in natural ecosystems. These compounds have been found in natural waters and in fish tissues worldwide. Regarding their growing distribution and abundance, it is becoming clear that traditionally used risk assessment methodologies and ecotoxicolog...
Soil organic matter (SOM) is a combination of materials having different origin and with different stabilization and decomposition processes. To determine the different SOM pools and their turnover rates, a silt loam-textured Luvisol from West Hungary was taken from the 0–20 cm soil depth and incubated for 163 days. Maize residues were added to the...
Soil erosion is a complex, destructive process that endangers food security in many parts of the world; thus, its investigation is a key issue. While the measurement of interrill erosion is a necessity, the methods used to carry it out vary greatly, and the comparison of the results is often difficult. The present study aimed to examine the results...
The present dataset provides data on the pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) concentrations measured in the Danube and the drinking water abstraction wells (DWAW) in the Budapest region. Grab samples were collected during five periods. One hundred and seven water samples from the Danube and ninety water samples from the relevant DWAWs were an...
A löszszelvényeket tagoló paleotalajok értékes információt hordoznak az őskörnyezetben bekövetkezett változásokról és a paleoklimatikus viszonyokról. Egyes áthalmozó hatások (lejtős tömegmozgások, erózió-szedimentáció) jelentősen megváltoztathatják az in situ talaj eredeti szelvényezettségét, megnehezítve ezzel az eredeti körülmények rekonstruálásá...
Surface waters are becoming increasingly contaminated by pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), which is a potential risk factor for drinking water quality owing to incomplete riverbank filtration. This study examined the efficiency of riverbank filtration with regard to 111 PhACs in a highly urbanized section of the river Danube. One hundred s...
Purpose
Small-scale runoff and soil redistribution processes are important factors in rainfall simulation studies. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the feasibility of rare earth oxide (REO) tracking combined with 3D surface modelling and soil crust analysis by scanning electron microscopy.
Materials and methods
Four 40 mmh...
There is increasing demand for up-to-date spatial information on soil organic carbon (SOC). Meanwhile, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) provide flexible technology for monitoring land surface features with high spatial resolution at plot scale. Suitably performed, airborne imagery simultaneously provides spectral and terrain based spatial auxiliary d...
Nowadays, one of the most important challenges is to ensure sustainable agricultural management of crops such as maize (Zea mays L.). Long-term crop production, however, may influence the soil properties, the composition and activity of microbial communities. The aim of this study was to compare the catabolic activity and taxonomic diversity of bac...
Magnesium is one of the most important nutrient elements. Soils are tested for magnesium in many countries with several extractants. Each country has its own validated methods, best-suited for its soils. The current study was designed to compare different magnesium content measuring methods with 80 Hungarian samples. The magnesium content was deter...
Despite the fact that there are tens of thousands of thermal baths in existence, knowledge about the occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in untreated thermal wastewater is very limited. Because used thermal water is typically legally discharged into surface waters without any treatment, the effluent poses environmental risks for...
Particle size and shape are among the most important properties of sedimentary deposits. Objective and robust determination of granulometric features of sediments is a challenging problem, and has been standingin the focal point of sedimentary studies for many decades. In this study, we provide an overview of a new analytical approach to characteri...
The volume of soil organic matter (SOM) changes, owing to variations in tillage systems. Conservation tillage (CT) is a useful method for recovering the SOM content of crop fields. However, little is known about the SOM composition of silt- and clay-associated and aggregate-occluded organic matter (OM). The present study aimed at determining the SO...
Extreme precipitation events can trigger flash flood, mass movements, pluvial flood and accelerated soil erosion. As soil structures are highly degraded due to intensive improper cultivation water infiltration can considerably decrease during the vegetation period. Additional changes in canopy coverage on the soil surface cause relevant variability...
A study was conducted on the sorption of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) on five soils formed under different redox conditions: an Arenosol (A_20) with fully aerobic conditions, two Gleysol samples (G_20 and G_40) with suboxic and anoxic conditions and two Histosols (H_20 and H_80) with mostly anoxic conditions. The soils were characterized on the basis...
Climate change is increasing the occurrence of extreme precipitation events and causing irregular precipitation patterns. This occurs in parallel with the degradation of crop fields, and triggers the occurrence of pluvial floods and droughts on the same field. Consequently, irrigation must be adapted to the changing soil properties. Detailed spatia...