Gerard Paul Hodgkinson

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Verified

Gerard verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• BA, MSc, PhD, DSc
• Professor (Full) at The University of Manchester

Informed by recent advances in behavioral strategy, an emerging interdisciplinary subfield of strategic management, this chapter explores the principal psychological reasons why during the most intense phases of the coronavirus pandemic and its immediate aftermath people, organizations, institutions, and wider sociotechnical systems of all shapes a...

This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note...

This supplementary document contains Supporting Information for ‘Overcoming Strategic Persistence: Effects of Multiple Scenario Analysis on Strategic Reorientation’, Strategic Management Journal (23 pp.) [https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3589]

Research Summary To thrive in an unpredictable world, managers must adapt their decision‐making to changing events. However, a major impediment to adaptation is strategic persistence, that is, the tendency to stick with previously successful strategies. We examined whether multiple scenario analysis can help to overcome the dysfunctional effects of...

Abstract: The adoption of digital technologies and related advances in artificial intelligence in the delivery of legal services has the potential to fundamentally transform how the sector operates in respect of all aspects of its work. These developments pose some highly important unanswered questions regarding the attitudes and behaviour of lega...

Abstract: The adoption of digital technologies and related advances in artificial intelligence in the delivery of legal services is an issue that has rightly been a major focus of attention over the past decade, given the potential of these developments to fundamentally transform how the sector operates in respect of all aspects of its work. Howev...

Psychology-grounded research on heuristics and biases in decision making has become increasingly influential in the field of management studies. However, although this line of inquiry is recognized as a valuable perspective for advancing understanding of decision processes in the upper echelons of firms, extant research remains unbalanced, the bulk...

In addition to helping advance theory, replication studies offer rich and complementary learning experiences for doctoral students, enabling them to learn general research skills, through the process of striving to imitate good studies. In addition, students gain replication-specific methodological skills and learn about the important roles replica...

Background Research conducted in the United States suggests that two primes (citrus smells and pictures of a person's eyes) can increase hand gel dispenser use on the day they are introduced in hospital. The current study, conducted at a hospital in the United Kingdom, evaluated the effectiveness of these primes, both in isolation and in combinatio...

Why is that presentations on “neuro-entrepreneurship” are so well-attended (and seemingly applauded) yet little traction has really occurred? Meanwhile, why it was that in entrepreneurship we hear a regular drumbeat calling for nurturing the entrepreneurial mindset yet we see little progress in rigorously defining that. Nor do we see much progress...

The increasing frequency and extent of government policy changes in many countries and industries has exposed an important theoretical gap about how such changes influence organizational goals. This paper extends the behavioral theory of the firm to account for changes in government policy on goal dimensions (i.e., what goals are adopted) and goal...

Political behavior pervades strategic decision-making, often damaging decision quality and undermining organizational performance. However, little is currently known about how top management teams (TMTs) cope with such behavior. To address this major shortfall, we draw on the upper echelons literature to advance a contingent account of the factors...

In response to recent calls to better understand the brain’s role in organizational behavior, we propose a series of theoretical tests to examine the question “can brains manage?” Our tests ask whether brains can manage without bodies and without extracranial resources, whether they can manage in social isolation, and whether brains are the ultimat...

This essay provides insights into the reasons why efforts to integrate micro and macro perspectives continue to face challenges. We incorporate the reflections of several experienced researchers on the persistence of the micro–macro divide, organize those reflections into broad themes, and discuss associated insights, implications, and challenges....

The neuroscientific revolution in psychology and economics is reformulating long-held views of cognition and emotion and their effects on behaviour. In so doing, it is causing strategic management researchers to rethink a number of the core assumptions underpinning the behavioural microfoundations of the entire field.

This article contributes to the growing body of research concerning the dynamics and impact of conscious and nonconscious cognitive processes on individual and collective behavior in the workplace. Dual-process theories have occupied the center ground of this literature. However, in recent years, the field of psychology, in which these theories ori...

Aguinis et al.’s (2017) analysis of the “most frequently cited sources, articles, and authors in industrial-organizational psychology textbooks” is a commendable piece of scholarship. Certainly, they have applied themselves to an important question and articulated a meaningful set of answers. We have no doubt too that for many readers the insights...

Introduction Compliance with hand hygiene recommendations in hospital is typically less than 50%. Such low compliance inevitably contributes to hospital-acquired infections that negatively affect patients’ well-being and hospitals’ finances. The design of the present study is predicated on the assumption that most people who fail to clean their han...

It is often said that being a good strategist requires keeping a cool head. However, eradicating emotional influences from the strategy process is not only infeasible, it is also undesirable. Drawing on the latest advances in the science of emotion, this article explains how emotion regulation is an essential skill that executives must cultivate to...

The neuroscientific revolution in psychology and economics is reformulating long-held views of cognition and emotion and their effects on behaviour. In so doing, it is causing strategic management researchers to rethink a number of the core assumptions underpinning the behavioural microfoundations of the entire field.

This issue comprises the fourth IRIOP Annual Review Issue, following the incorporation of the International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (IRIOP) into the Journal of Organizational Behavior (JOB). In this, the final editorial of our 12-year period of office, we celebrate the achievements of our authors and anonymous peer review...

For organizational neuroscience to progress, it requires an overarching theoretical framework that locates neural processes appropriately within the wider context of organizational cognitive activities. In this chapter, we argue the case for building such a framework on two foundations: (1) critical realism, and (2) socially situated cognition. Cri...

Numerous studies have examined the positive effects of social capital in organizations, whereas the possible negative effects have attracted considerably less scholarly attention. To rectify this imbalance, this paper first undertakes a rigorous review of the published scholarly empirical evidence pertaining to the negative effects of social capita...

Developments in the social neurosciences over the past two decades have rendered problematic the main knowledge elicitation techniques currently in use by strategy researchers, as a basis for revealing actors' mental representations of strategic knowledge. Extant elicitation techniques were advanced during an era when cognitive scientists and organ...

The purpose and nature of management scholarship is contested, evidenced by debates about the ‘academic–practitioner divide’ and attendant remedies for addressing it, including mode 2 and mode 3 research, engaged scholarship, evidence‐based management and design science. In this paper the authors argue that, without a culture of dialogical encounte...

This policy-capturing study, conducted in China, investigated the cognitive basis of managerial decisions to make a corporate charitable donation, a global issue in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR) research and practice. Participants (N = 376) responded to a series of scenarios manipulating pressure from the five stakeholders (g...

This essay traces the genesis and evolution of research pertaining to the interplay between cognition, action, and outcomes in industries and business markets and offers suggestions for the advancement of theory, research, and practice. Through a process of autobiographical self-reflection, covering the period from the mid-1980s–present, the author...

The purpose and nature of management scholarship is contested, evidenced by debates about the ‘academic-practitioner divide’ and attendant remedies for addressing it, including mode 2 and mode 3 research, engaged scholarship, evidence-based management, and design science. In this paper we argue that, without a culture of dialogical encounter, manag...

This issue comprises the third International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (IRIOP) Annual Review Issue, following the incorporation of IRIOP into the Journal of Organizational Behavior (JOB). In this editorial, we elaborate further on our vision to maintain the IRIOP Annual Review Issue as the leading outlet for the publication...

The psychology of strategic management draws inspiration from the behavioural sciences to understand why firms act in particular ways. This approach draws attention to how managers' mental processes influence strategic action. Rather than assuming that strategizing is objectively or even intendedly rational, a psychological approach holds that stra...

The five-factor model (FFM) underpinning the set of traits commonly known as ‘the Big Five’, is widely accepted as one of the foremost contributions to personality theory and research. The culmination of decades of research, founded on a wealth of biological, cross-cultural, and psychometric evidence, it enjoys pre-eminence in all of the major bran...

This article outlines the principal advances in the scientific study of intuition that have a bearing on organizational behavior and related subfields of the management and organization sciences. Following major developments in the social neurosciences, personality, and individual differences, especially dual-process conceptions of human cognition,...

In this article, we review and synthesize extant research on entrepreneurial leadership, capabilities and their influence on the growth of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). First, we begin by examining the processes, routines and resources underlying substantive growth capabilities; these are capabilities that enable a firm to grow by com...

Drawing on dual-systems theory, we propose a new typology for analyzing shared cognition in work groups and teams that differentiates reflective (i.e. C-system) mental models formed through reasoning and deliberation from reflexive (i.e. X-system) representations that are more automatic, intuitive, and affective in nature. Our analysis demonstrates...

Information technology (IT) in the workplace is now ubiquitous. Yet, surprisingly few studies have investigated the important question of how employees whose jobs involve the use of IT represent the attendant risks to which their organizations are increasingly exposed. Extrapolating from established theory and research pertaining to industry-wide m...

Radical innovation poses a series of well-documented adaptive behavioral challenges for individuals, organizations and organizational collectives. Drawing on the insights of recent advances in the social neurosciences, the authors demonstrate how theory and research rooted in the cold cognition era of human psychology has laid microfoundations for...

Many lists that purport to gauge the quality of journals in management and organization studies (MOS) are based on the judgments of experts in the field. This article develops an identity concerns model (ICM) that suggests that such judgments are likely to be shaped by the personal and social identities of evaluators. The model was tested in a stud...

Extant techniques falling under the general umbrella of cognitive mapping/knowledge elicitation have yet to be adapted in ways suitable to enable strategy researchers to investigate how decision makers incorporate emotion and affect into their representations of strategic knowledge, a pressing priority given the mounting evidence concerning the pri...

While research exists to suggest that job context influences proactive behaviour in the workplace, much less is known about the role of social context, and in particular, the role of relationships in fostering such proactivity. Accordingly, this paper develops and tests a cross-level model, in which the individual-level proactive work behaviour of...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore relationships between leader personality traits (neuroticism and conscientiousness) and four specific workplace stressors (control; work overload; work-life balance and managerial relationships) experienced by work group members. Design/methodology/approach – The authors accessed personality data f...

Stimulated by the growing use of brain imaging and related neurophysiological techniques in psychology and economics, scholars have begun to debate the implications of neuroscience for management and organization studies (MOS). Currently, this debate is polarizing scholarly opinion. At one extreme, advocates are calling for a new neuroscience of or...

This issue comprises the second IRIOP Annual Review Issue, following the incorporation of the International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (IRIOP) into the Journal of Organizational Behavior (JOB). In this editorial, we highlight important differences between narrative, meta-analytic, and systematic review techniques and explain...

Learning from environmental feedback is crucial for organizational adaptation. However, many environments do not lend themselves to clear, immediate, and consequentially easy-to-learn feedback. Feedback from complex environments may be ambiguous, deriving from multiple or unreliable sources. This feedback may not only be difficult to learn from, bu...

Strategy workshops, also known as away days, strategy retreats and strategic ‘off-sites’, have become widespread in organizations. However, there is a shortage of theory and evidence concerning the outcomes of these events and the factors that contribute to their effectiveness. Adopting a design science approach, in this paper we propose and test a...

This issue comprises the inaugural IRIOP Annual Review Issue, following the incorporation of the International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (IRIOP) into the Journal of Organizational Behavior (JOB). In this editorial,we explain our rationale for transforming the IRIOP series froma long-established, highly successful invitation...

Scholarly research directed toward the analysis of organizational identity and organizational identification is fragmented along disciplinary and subdisciplinary fault lines that mirror the current intellectual and social organization of the management and organization studies field. Adopting a critical realist design science perspective, the autho...

This chapter argues that evidence-based management is an inherently political project, which risks creating an illusion of rationality, a multilayered façade masking underlying fundamental differences of interpretation, purpose, and power among the various stakeholders situated on both sides of the academic-practitioner/policy divide. To avoid this...

The 24th volume in this prestigious series of annual volumes, the International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2009 includes scholarly, thoroughly researched, and state-of-the-art overviews of developments across a wide range of topics in industrial and organizational psychology. An international team of highly respected contrib...

This is the twenty-seventh in the most prestigious series of annual volumes in the field of industrial and organizational psychology. The series provides authoritative and integrative reviews of the key literature of industrial psychology and organizational behavior. The chapters are written by established experts and topics are carefully chosen to...

From its earliest days, the field of business and management studies has wrestled with fundamental questions concerning its nature and purpose: for whom and to what ends is scholarly research ultimately directed? However, amid unprecedented changes to the world of work, over the past two and a half decades these questions have become of central imp...

This paper reports the findings of a study comparing the methods used to select university graduates in British, Dutch and French organizations. In keeping with several recently published studies of managerial selection practices, a number of highly significant differences were observed in terms of the use of various selection methods across the th...

The twenty-sixth volume in the most prestigious series of annual volumes in the field of industrial and organizational psychology, providing authoritative and integrative reviews of the key literature in the field. All chapters written by established experts and all topics carefully chosen to reflect the major concerns in both the research literatu...

In acknowledging at the outset the importance of the four major defining characteristics of evidence-based practice in equal measure, Briner and Rousseau(2011) offer a balanced portrayal of the requirements for its successful uptake in industrial–organizational (I–O) psychology. Unfortunately, however, the remainder of their article is devoted almo...

Interorganizational macrocultures: A multilevel critique Management theorists generally define organizational culture as relatively idiosyncratic, organization-related beliefs that are shared among individuals within an organization or part of an organization …We describe this as the prevailing focus the field places on organizational microcultures...

Cognitive diversity and the related notion of shared cognition are two of the most influential concepts in research on group processes and performance. In this article, we develop a more nuanced view of cognitive diversity/sharedness that distinguishes between cognitions held at implicit and explicit levels. The central argument is that because ind...

Hayes, Allinson, Hudson, and Keasey (2003) maintain that the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence presented by Hodgkinson and Sadler-Smith (2003) in support of an alternative two-dimensional conception of the Allinson-Hayes Cognitive Style Index (CSI) are insufficiently robust to challenge the original unidimensional formulation and that, a...

The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Decision Making comprehensively surveys theory and research on organizational decision-making, broadly conceived. Emphasizing psychological perspectives, while encompassing the insights of economics, political science, and sociology, it provides coverage at the individual, group, organizational, and inter-organ...

Research on individual differences in information processing is characterized by two incompatible theoretical perspectives. The unitary view postulates that analysis and intuition are the opposite poles of a single dimension, whereas the dual-process view proposes that they are independent constructs. We investigated this issue using two establishe...

In recent years, there has been a move to identify the behavioral foundations underpinning the evolutionary and economic fitness of the enterprise. Indeed, the dynamic capabilities project now occupies center stage in the field of strategic management. Yet the accounts developed thus far—like much of the field's theory and research more generally—a...

We revisit the psychological underpinnings of Teece's (2007) framework of dynamic capabilities development in the light of advances in social cognitive neuroscience and neuroeconomics. We argue that dynamic capabilities are based on a blend of effortful forms of analysis and the skilled utilization of less deliberative, intuitive processes, which e...

Recent advances in social cognitive neuroscience and related fields have rejuvenated scholarly research into intuition. This article considers the implications of these developments for understanding managerial and organizational decision making. Over the past two decades, researchers have made considerable progress in distinguishing intuition from...

Kieser and Leiner (2009) maintain that the rigour-relevance gap in management research is fundamentally unbridgeable because researchers and the researched inhabit separate social systems. They argue that it is impossible to assess the relevance of research outputs within the system of science and that neither action research nor related approaches...

This important Handbook explores how to make sense of dynamic environments and respond strategically to them during the 21st century. Leading scholars of strategic management are brought together to offer innovative and multi-disciplinary perspectives on the past, present and future of strategy formulation and foresight. In so doing they challenge...

Motivation Many of today's most significant organizational challenges require the effective collaboration of collectives of various teams. Nowhere is the performance of such multiteam systems more important than in responding to civil emergencies. Research approach This field study analyses the determinants of performance among multiteam systems re...