Georges Aoun

Lebanese University · Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Radiology - Faculty of Dental Medicine;

Background: Effective denture hygiene is important for patients suffering from denture stomatitis (DS). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a solution containing 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) and 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in eliminating Candida albicans colonizing dentures. Materials and methods: Forty denture wearers (1...

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the diameter and the position of the greater palatine foramen (GPF) in relation to adjacent anatomical landmarks in the maxilla in a Lebanese population using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 58 Lebanese adult patients were included in this study...

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the mandibular lingual foramina (LF) and canals and their anatomic variations using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology in a Lebanese population. Materials and Methods In this study, we analyzed CBCT images of 90 adult Lebanese patients (41 males and 49 females). We assessed the number an...

Metastatic lesions to the oral cavity are uncommon; they represent between 1 and 3% of all malignant oral neoplasms. In this article, we report a rare case of metastatic urothelial bladder carcinoma in the mandible detected on oral radiographic images and confirmed with multiple imaging modalities. A 67-year-old woman presented to our clinic suffer...

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is an uncommon neuro-mucocutaneous disease, clinically characterized by a triad of recurrent facial palsy, orofacial swelling, and fissured tongue. This report presents the case of a 38-year-old female diagnosed with MRS based on its three clinical features. A corticosteroid (1 mg/kg/day of oral prednisolone) was...

Juvenile ossifying fibromas (JOFs) of the jaws are uncommon benign fibro-osseous tumors affecting children under 15 years of age. Based on histological criteria, JOFs have been classified into psammomatoid and trabecular. Their aggressiveness, added to their high tendency to recur, provokes real diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the dental...

Objective: There is a lack of scientific evidence concerning the best timing of soft tissue management around implants, as well as a divergence of topics concerning the optimal procedures. The objective of this study is to evaluate the gain in buccal contour and soft tissue stability after a surgical technique combining non submerged implant placem...

The mandibular canal (MC), located within the mandible, carries the inferior alveolar nerve and the inferior alveolar vessels. This neurovascular bundle is at risk during mandibular surgical procedures. Therefore, an adequate preoperative evaluation of the MC could lead to safer treatment with fewer postoperative complications. The purpose of this...

Reticular oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory lesion that affects the mucosa of the oral cavity. Being in most cases asymptomatic, it is often detected incidentally during routine oral examination. This report presents the case of a 38-year-old male who consulted for mild burning sensation in his mouth while consuming acidic foods an...

This paper presents the case of a 50-year-old male with multiple oral white lesions complaining of mild burning sensation in his mouth while consuming acidic foods and liquids. Intraoral examination revealed non-scrapable large white plaque-like lesions with slightly erythematous background on both right and left sides of jugal mucosa, and a white...

This paper presents the case of a 50-year-old heavy smoker male with multiple oral white lesions complaining of mild burning sensation in his mouth while consuming acidic foods and liquids. Intraoral examination revealed non-scrapable large white plaque-like lesions with slightly erythematous background on both right and left sides of jugal mucosa,...

Background: Bruxism is defined as a movement disorder of the masticatory system leading to serious problem in the integrity of the oral dentition; it is characterized by teeth grinding and clenching and has been typically classified into three types: a) bruxism occurring during sleep, b) awake-related bruxism, and c) mixed sleep/awake-related bruxi...

Periodontitis is the severe inflammation of the tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth like gingiva, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. Many studies have tried to explain the pathogenesis of periodontitis focusing in many parameters such as the roles of the host pathways, the molecular and genetic factors, the bacterial biofilm mass, an...

Dentigerous cysts (DCs) are developmental odontogenic cysts associated with impacted teeth. DCs are generally asymptomatic and the majority of the cases are fortuitously detected on conventional imaging techniques used in dental practice such as panoramic radiographs. This "clinical image" presents a large DC associated with an impacted mandibular...

Objective: is to measure the peripheral and internal gap at the implant-abutment interface of an implant system connected to its original or compatible nonoriginal abutments. Materials and Methods: Twenty implants were assembled with four different types of abutments having the same conical internal interface. All abutments were considered compatib...

Introduction: The mandibular canal (MC), located within the mandible, carries the inferior alveolar nerve and the inferior alveolar vessels. This neurovascular bundle is at risk during mandibular surgical procedures. Therefore, an adequate preoperatively evaluation of the MC could lead to safer treatment with less postoperative complications. Aim:...

Juvenile ossifying fibromas (JOFs) of the jaws are uncommon benign fibro-osseous tumors affecting children under 15 years of age. Based on histological criteria, JOFs have been classified into psammomatoid and trabecular. Their aggressiveness added to their high tendency to recur, provoke real diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the dental pr...

The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the survival rate of implants placed in residual bone height (RBH) less than 4.5 mm during an overall follow up of 5 years, by using Straumann and Astra Implant designs with or without sinus bone grafting. Materials and Methods: A total of 77 patients were examined and treated in two private practic...

A poorly differentiated stage III (T3, N1, M0) squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior-lateral border of the tongue invading the floor of the mouth.

Accidental implant displacement into the maxillary sinuses and accompanying complications are well documented in the literature. Two surgical approaches have been suggested to remove the displaced implants and to handle the related complications: an intraoral approach and the nasal endoscopy. The intraoral approach is preferred in cases of absence...

Background: Intraosseous lipomas (IOLs) are tumors of the medullary adipose tissue. They most commonly occur in the long bones and calcaneus, but rarely in the jaws. Objective: The main objective of this article is to review the main characteristics of IOLs with emphasis on the lesions located in the jaws. Methods: A literature review of the Pubmed...

Sialolithiasis is a common condition characterized by the formation of salivary stones or calculi, also known as sialoliths, within a salivary gland or its duct. Usually, sialolithiasis presents as salivary gland swelling with intermittent pain around mealtime. All salivary glands can develop sialolithiasis, yet it occurs most commonly in the subma...

Intraosseous lipomas are benign lesions of the bone. In the jaws, they are very rare and in most cases incidentally discovered on panoramic radiographs taken in dental practice. They are usually asymptomatic and appear radiologically as a radiolucent image sometimes including some radio-opacities. Histologically, they consist of mature adipose tiss...

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is an uncommon condition characterized by a benign, local, or diffuse gingival overgrowth. It may cover the teeth partially or totally, causing essential aesthetic, phonetic, and masticatory disorders. In this report, we discuss a case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with severe gingival enlargement. The d...

Benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumors are lesions derived from the mesenchymal components of the tooth‑forming apparatus and are consequently found within the jawbone. Benign fibro‑osseous tumors are part of this category of lesions in which normal bone is substituted, initially by fibrous tissue and within time become infiltrated by osteoid and ce...

Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands has a key role in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and plays an essential role in tooth and bone mineralization. Disorders of the parathyroid glands most frequently result in abnormalities of serum calcium and can induce various oral and extra-oral manifestations. Therefore,...

Vascular malformations of the maxillofacial region are unusual, and they occur more rarely in bone than in soft tissue. Mandibular intraosseous vascular lesions represent 0.5-1.0% of all bone tumors, and they are classified as venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, arterial malformation, arteriovenous malformations, and arteriovenous fistulae...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the alveolar ridge split technique in a series of surgical cases in anterior mandible for two-implant retained overdenture. Twelve patients were included in this study. The surgeries took place under local anesthesia and consisted of a mid-crestal incision and subsequent bone management with a p...

Background: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia ensuing from deficiencies in insulin action, secretion, or both. Hyperglycemia has wide-ranging molecular and cellular effects, leading to oxidative stress, up-regulation of pro-inflammatory responses, and vascular changes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expre...

Introduction : This review revisits clinical use of antibiotics for most common acute oro-dental conditions; we aim to provide evidence governing antibiotics use when access to oral healthcare is not available, as during the ongoing outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Materials and methods : In this rapid review, articl...

Injectable dermal fillers are widely used for facial rejuvenation; they help reshape the facial contours by treating volume loss due to aging changes. Facial fillers may become infected following a dental infection. In this report, we present a case of a 44-year-old female patient who presented with a swelling in her upper right buccal region follo...

The extraction of retained and completely impacted third molars is one of the most common surgical procedures performed by dental practitioners with low rates of complications. The accidental displacement during the surgeries of the maxillary third molar into adjacent anatomical spaces is one of the most critical problems that can arise. The most c...

A dentigerous cyst is an epithelial-lined odontogenic cyst formed by an accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the crown of an unerupted tooth. About 70% of dentigerous cysts occur in the mandible and 30% in the maxilla and the most involved teeth are maxillary canines and maxillary third molars. Dentigerous cysts often dis...

In 2017, the World Health Organization classified the odontogenic keratocyst as a developmental odontogenic cyst. The posterior parts of the mandible, especially the angle and the ramus, are the most involved sites. Due to their high recurrence rate, keratocysts are managed surgically with careful complete excision. Additionally, chemical solutions...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a benign histiocytic disorder touching both genders and can occur at any age. It is currently classified by the Histiocyte Society as an inflammatory myeloid neoplasm of mixed cellularity. Clinically, it is illustrated by single or multiple osteolytic bone lesions associated with ulceration of the skin and soft tiss...

Chronic kidney disease is a progressive condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney functions as result of the nephrons destruction. Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) require permanent kidney replacement therapy (hemodialysis) to filter toxins and excess fluids from the blood. These patients represent a challenge for the dental...

Local and locoregional anesthesia (LRA) are extensively used for performing painless intraoral procedures. In rare cases, ophthalmic complications such as diplopia, blepharoptosis, mydriasis, etc., may occur. In general, symptoms disappear hours after the injection and rarely persist for a prolonged duration. The aim of this paper is to emphasize t...

This review revisits clinical use of antibiotics for most common acute oro-dental conditions; we aim to provide evidence governing antibiotics use when access to oral healthcare is not available, as during the ongoing outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In this rapid review, articles were retrieved after conducting a se...

Aim: To evaluate the behavior of the alveolar ridge split technique in a series of surgical cases. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty implants were included in this study for a total of 60 patients. The surgeries consisted of a mid-crestal incision and subsequent bone management with a piezoelectric system. The implants were placed after...

Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental disorder of the bone that originates from a genetic defect disturbing the osteogenesis leading to the replacement of normal bone with the excess proliferation of fibrous tissue. It can be associated with hyperpigmentation of the skin and endocrine disorders. Fibrous dysplasia can manifest in a monostotic form af...

Les anesthésiques locaux constituent le principal moyen de confort opératoire pour le succès des interventions dentaires. Leur utilisation est largement répandue et très sûre à condition que la technique d’application soit correcte. Les complications peuvent être locales, locorégionales ou systémiques; ces dernières sont rares et parfois graves. Ce...

The bone split technique is used to increase the width of a narrow ridge for implant placement with high success rates. This technique was performed on a 53-year-old patient with bilateral mandibular posterior edentulous and fully edentulous maxilla. Implants placement was performed afterward with two-step modus operandi on the mandible and immedia...

Background: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant widely used to prevent renal post transplantation rejection. Gingival overgrowth (GO) is among various side effects of the long-term administration of CsA. Up to 90% of the patients under CsA therapy has been reported to develop CsA-induced GO. Objectives: The aim of the present prospec...

The thyroid gland secretes essential hormones for the growth regulation and the metabolic activity of the body. Thyroid dysfunction includes many conditions that can indirectly affect dental treatments. Therefore, the practitioner must be aware of these pathologies and their signs and symptoms in order to elaborate specific dental treatment plans,...

Anemia is a condition of decreased red blood cell number or hemoglobin concentration, or of disturbance in their function, ultimately leading to decreased oxygen transport to tissues. Many factors and diseases may lead to anemia, with wide manifestations systemically as well as orally. Therefore, a sound understanding of this condition is essential...

Adrenal crisis (AC) is an unexpected and possibly lethal situation of stressful interventions in patients with Addison’s disease (AD). Despite being rare in dentistry, it is to be noted that evidence indicates that 5-8% of patients with AD necessitate emergency glucocorticoid administration to treat AC annually. For that, dentists must be aware of...

Sialoliths are salivary gland calcifications that mainly affect submandibular and parotid glands. They are detected incidentally on dental panoramic radiographs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sialoliths in a Lebanese sample and evaluate the site, gender and age distribution of such findings. In this retrospective study, 500 digita...

Ameloblastoma is an aggressive slow growing benign epithelial odontogenic tumor usually associated with an unerupted third molar. In this report, we present the case of a 71-year-old male with a large swelling on the left mandibular region causing a remarkable facial asymmetry. After clinical, radiological, and histopathological examinations the di...

Anemia is a condition of decreased red blood cell number or hemoglobin concentration, or of disturbance in their function, ultimately leading to decreased oxygen transport to tissues. Many factors and diseases may lead to anemia, with wide manifestations systemically as well as orally. Therefore, a sound understanding of this condition is essential...

Aim: Sialoliths are salivary gland calcifications that mainly affect submandibular and parotid glands. They are detected incidentally on dental panoramic radiographs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sialoliths in a Lebanese sample and evaluate the site, gender and age distribution of such findings. Methods: In this retrospective stu...

The thyroid gland secretes essential hormones for the growth regulation and the metabolic activity of the body. Thyroid dysfunction includes many conditions that can indirectly affect dental treatments. Therefore, the practitioner must be aware of these pathologies and their signs and symptoms in order to elaborate specific dental treatment plans,...

Local and locoregional anesthesia (LRA) are extensively used for performing painless intraoral procedures. In rare cases, ophthalmic complications such as diplopia, blepharoptosis, mydriasis, etc., may occur. In general, symptoms disappear hours after the injection and rarely persist for a prolonged duration. The aim of this paper is to emphasize t...

Adrenal crisis (AC) is an unexpected and possibly lethal situation of stressful interventions in patients with Addison's disease (AD). Despite being rare in dentistry, it is to be noted that evidence indicates that 5-8% of patients with AD necessitate emergency glucocorticoid administration to treat AC annually. For that, dentists must be aware of...

Background: Success of dental implants is affected by the quality and density of the alveolar bone. These parameters are essential for implant stability and influence its load-bearing capacity. Their assessment is usually based on preoperative radiographs used as a tool prior to implant procedures. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare...

Objectives Tonsilloliths and adenoid calcifications are usually an incidental finding in radiologic studies. Several studies were done to evaluate the presence of tonsillar calcifications using different radiological techniques that include panoramic radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). These percentages...

Introduction: Sinus septa are bony processes that develop in a variable fashion. Such structures present a challenge for surgical procedures of the maxillary sinuses. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of maxillary sinus septa in a sample from the Lebanese population. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was cond...

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and patterns of styloid process elongation in a general Lebanese population sample. Methods: Digital panoramic radiographs of 489 Lebanese adults (218 males and 271 females, mean age of 47.56 ± 16.149) were included in this retrospective study. First, we screened for detectio...

Background Classifications of impaction based on panoramic radiographs such as the ones of Pell and Gregory and Winter are essential to allow a better understanding of third molar position regarding depth and bone coverage of the impacted tooth and to evaluate the difficulties of the surgical procedures. The aim of the study was to classify upper a...

Aim: Cigarette smoking has been recognized as an important risk factor in periodontal diseases. One of the suggested mechanisms behind this association is that nicotine alters the microcirculation and causes vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow through the periodontal tissues. Scarce information is currently available relative to the microvascul...

1. Presence/absence of calcifications in the sample 2. Incidence of each calcification in the sample 3. Incidence of each calcification according to gender

Dentigerous cysts (DC) are developmental odontogenic cysts associated with impacted or partially erupted teeth; they can occur at any location of the jaw. Being generally asymptomatic, they are fortuitously discovered when radiographs are taken to investigate a tooth eruption failure. In this report, we present a case of a 10-year-old girl presente...

Objectives Maxillary antroliths are calcified masses found within the maxillary sinus. The aim of this study was to investigate their presence in a sample of Lebanese population by means of digital panoramic radiographs. Material and methods In this study, 500 digital panoramic radiographs of Lebanese adult patients (281 females and 219 males) with...

Objectives The aim of this study was to demonstrate a possible correlation between radiographic trabecular bone quantified with fractal dimensions analysis and values of primary implant stability deliberated using the Osstell® monitor (Integration Diagnostics AB, Goteborgsvagen, Sweden) with the density of bone specimens harvested from the implant...

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) are among the most common problems in health care. Among these GIDS, functional dyspepsia (FD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Objective: A signi...

Introduction: Fractal dimension (FD) on periapical radiographs is used as a simple descriptor of the complex architecture of the trabecular bone surrounding the dentition. It is used on periapical and panoramic radiographs as a descriptor of the complex architecture of trabecular bone surrounding teeth. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate t...

Background: The mandibular canal, located within the mandible, carries the inferior alveolar nerve and the inferior alveolar vessels. This neurovascular bundle is at risk during mandibular surgical procedures. An adequate preoperatively visualization of the mandibular canal and its content could yield a more predictable treatment features with less...

The bone split procedure is a technique used to increase the width of narrow ridge for possible simultaneous implant placement. In this report, we describe a ridge split technique and immediate implant placement for a 56-year-old posterior left mandible edentulous patient referred to us for implant treatment. A successful prosthetic rehabilitation...

Background: Using a miniscrew implant (MSI) as skeletal anchorage is common in orthodontics. Locating the correct site of insertion of this MSI is essential. Objective: This article describes a simple guide supported by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiography and leading to a successful positioning of the MSI. Methods: In order to avoid an...