George A Zarb

• University of Toronto

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Throughout the 1980s and '90s, a small core group of clinical scholars played a major and pivotal role in the combined surgical and prosthodontic dissemination of osseointegration scholarship. As professor of oromaxillofacial surgery at the University of Washington, Dr Philip Worthington was one such pioneering educator. His academic leadership was...

The host-implant interface is remarkably enduring given the functional and biologic challenges it faces, and our success in assisting patients to lead better lives because of implant biotechnology is the envy of many other health care practitioners. It is therefore vital that dentists accept that clinically significant marginal bone loss is uncommo...

The selected case history describes a 76-year-old retired housewife who requires dental treatment.

The selected case history describes a 56-year-old surgical nurse who is very dissatisfied with her existing anterior removable partial denture, especially the presence of anterior diastemas, but she is unaware of any speech impediment. She also dislikes the instability, bulk, and removable nature of both of her removable partial dentures, as well a...

The aims of this report are to present the patient-based outcomes and associated clinical costs of an immediate loading protocol for mandibular overdentures in edentulous patients. Two groups of patients were selected. Thirty-five consecutively treated patients received an immediate protocol, while 42 patients treated with a conventional protocol s...

To compare the in vitro 3-dimensional (3D) accuracy of fit of laser-scanned Computer Numeric Controlled (CNC)-milled implant titanium frameworks to that of conventional cast frameworks. Nine cast frameworks were fabricated on the mandibular master casts of 9 patients with 5 implants each following the well-established conventional fabrication techn...

The detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on implant survival has been previously demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the effect of smoking on marginal bone loss around endosseous dental implants. The sample consisted of 767 Brånemark implants placed in 235 patients between 1979 and 1999. Bone level changes...

Purpose: Recent studies implicate smoking as a significant factor in the failure of dental implants. The purpose of this long-term retrospective study was to evaluate the survival of Branemark endosseous dental implants in relation to cigarette smoking. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 464 consecutively treated completely and partiall...

Recent studies implicate smoking as a significant factor in the failure of dental implants. The purpose of this long-term retrospective study was to evaluate the survival of Brånemark endosseous dental implants in relation to cigarette smoking. The sample consisted of 464 consecutively treated completely and partially edentulous patients who had a...

The aim of this report is to present the implant and clinical outcomes of an immediate-loading protocol of TiUnite implants with mandibular overdentures in edentulous patients. Two groups of edentulous patients were selected. Thirty-five consecutively treated patients received 70 immediately loaded TiUnite implants and 69 Brånemark implants as back...

The aim of this prospective pilot study was to investigate differences in changes in implant stability and crestal bone height between loaded and unloaded dental implants at 4 months after placement. In the test group, 20 implants were placed in the anterior region of the mandible in 10 patients. They were connected with a Dolder bar within 10 days...

The purpose of this literature review is to present the outcomes of clinical studies on immediate and early loading protocols, identify shortcomings, and suggest a number of questions that still require exploration. English language clinical studies, limited to peer-reviewed journals between 1975 and 2004, were reviewed to identify treatment outcom...

The study's aim was to report long-term costs in edentulous patients treated with mandibular implant-supported prostheses. Ninety patients were divided into four groups based on the type of implant prosthesis (fixed or overdenture) and treatment year. Records were obtained from dental charts, and an economic analysis from the patient's perspective...

Few long-term studies on overdentures report both implant and prosthodontic outcomes. The aim of this prospective study was to report long-term prosthodontic- and implant-related treatment outcomes of patients treated with design-specific implant-supported overdentures. Between 1982 and 1992, 45 consecutively treated patients received a total of 47...

The aim of this prospective study was to report long-term treatment outcomes (prosthetic and implant related) of edentulous patients treated with implant-supported fixed prostheses who participated in the first clinical implant study in North America. Forty-five patients were treated with Brånemark implants supporting a total of 47 fixed prostheses...

This preliminary international survey compared provision of implant-retained overdentures to fixed implant-supported prostheses for edentulous mandibles. Questionnaires based on a 2001 Swedish study were sent to prosthodontists and specialist clinics in nine additional countries. Response rate varied from 53% to 100% in 10 national surveys and shou...

This retrospective study documented the 5-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) of 5-mm-diameter wide-bodied implants in posterior jaws as related to identified risk factors and relative host bone site dimensions. Sixty-four wide-bodied implants placed consecutively in the posterior jaws of 43 patients were matched using several identified risk facto...

Older adults often have bone loss and may be at risk of bone resorption around oral implants. This study tested the hypothesis that there is no difference in crestal bone loss proximal to oral implants in the complete implant prosthesis sites of older and younger adults. Two groups of 35 complete dental implant prosthesis sites (23 screw-retained f...

This study aimed to determine if implant-supported overdentures are a long-term economically efficacious therapy for edentulous patients when compared to fixed osseointegrated prostheses. Clinical records of 25 patients from two long-term studies (fixed and overdenture) were included in this analysis. A cost minimization analysis from the patient p...

The clinical success of implant-supported fixed partial dentures has been documented. However, few studies have reported long-term results or any association between implant outcomes and host determinants. This study reports on implant and prosthesis outcomes in a group of partially edentulous patients treated with Brånemark implants in the posteri...

The success of oral implant treatment relies on the presence and maintenance of bone adjacent to implants. The monitoring of radiographic bone level changes provides valuable insight into the longevity of oral implants. The purpose of this study was to measure radiographic bone level changes proximal (mesial and distal) to Brånemark System® implant...

This paper reports on the long-term outcome of patients with Kennedy Class IV partial edentulism treated in the Implant Prosthodontic Unit (IPU) at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. The information for this paper was gathered from the charts of the first 30 consecutive, partially edentulous patients treated at the IPU. These patients all...

Older adults are expected to account for an increasingly disproportionate number of individuals needing oral implant prostheses. However, this biotechnology was initially studied for predominantly middle-aged edentulous patients, not elderly people. High rates of success and minimal crestal bone loss have been reported for oral implants mainly in t...

A series of prospective studies started in the mid-1980s at the University of Toronto have provided evidence of the efficacy and effectiveness of implants in the treatment of the fully and partially edentulous patients. These studies have focused primarily on treatment outcomes at the surgical and prosthodontic levels, with an overall failure rate...

Because osseointegration has been successful in the management of completely edentulous patients, it is tempting to extrapolate these results and infer the success of single-tooth replacement. Yet there are major clinical differences between edentulous and partially edentulous patients. This prospective study is a follow-up to one started at the Un...