George Rothschild

• Professor Emeritus at University of Greenwich

The influence of dodecyl acetate on the response of male Grapholitha molesta to pheromone sources was observed under field conditions. Males were not trapped at live virgin female or synthetic pheromone sources when dodecyl acetate was present in the same trap or within 15 cm of the bait. Capture rate was still reduced at 30 cm separation but not a...

Catches of oriental fruit moth males, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), at traps baited with (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate were not greatly influenced by design. Males were equally attracted to polyethylene dispensers containing 1–1000μg of the pheromone. There was no evidence that small amounts of the E isomer produced significant increases in catch at phero...

Traps baited with (Z,Z)—7, 11-hexadecadienyl acetate were used to monitor the occurrence of the pink spotted bollworm, Pectinophora scutigera in cotton growing areas in central Queensland. Isomeric purity of the trap baits was not of particular importance, although catches were reduced when the level of the Z E isomer exceeded 20%. Males were captu...

Researching the Culture in Agri-Culture: Social Research for International Development. Edited by M. M. Cernea and A. H. Kassam. Wallingford: CABI Publishing (2006), pp. 497, £75.00. ISBN 0-85199-003-7 - - Volume 42 Issue 4 - George Rothschild

Economic and Social Issues in Agricultural Biotechnology. Edited by R. E. Evenson, V. Santaniello and D. Zilberman. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing (2002), pp. 448, £70.00. ISBN 0-85199-6183 - - Volume 39 Issue 3 - George Rothschild

By screening singly and binary mixed 2,13- and 3,13-octadecadien-yl acetates and alcohols (2,13- and 3,13-18: Ac/OH)in Lithuania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and the far east of Russia, sex attractants were discovered for 12 Sesiidae, four Tineidae, and one Choreutidae moth species. Males ofSesia yezoensis andBembecia puella as well...

The tortricid moth Cydia molesta is examined, with sections on: world distribution; host plants; damage to peach and nectarine crops; life history stages and reproductive biology; population dynamics, particularly information on the many associated parasitoids; mortality factors and population regulation; and control by biological agents, food lure...

Attempts to realize the potential of Cydia pomonella pheromone are presented. The characteristics of the pheromone, especially the identification and role of its components are introduced, before describing its uses in monitoring populations, risk forecasting and establishing biological reference points for forecasting, mass trappings and mating di...

Various blends of (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate (E,Z2,13-18: OAc), (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate (ZOAc) (two previously identified pheromone components of the currant borer,Synanthedon tipuliformis females), (E,Z)-, (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetates (E,Z- andZ,Z3,13-18:OAc), andZ,Z-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol (Z,Z3,13-18:OH) were evaluated in...

Mating disruption of Cydia molesta (Busck) was attempted by treating, with pheromone, all orchards in a small but discrete peach-growing district in New South Wales for two successive years. In the final year of the trial, two former control orchards were also treated with pheromone. The efficacy of the treatment was examined by monitoring fruit an...

Responses of the male potato tuberworm moth,Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), to two sex pheromone components and female crude extract were studied. Both in a wind tunnel and the field, males were better able to locate a source consisting of a 1∶1 mixture of (E,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-1-yl acetate and (E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-tridecatrien-1-yl acetate than a sour...

Peak numbers were registered at about the same time in both bait pails and pheromone traps but there was no consistent relationship between daily captures in the two monitoring devices. There was also little correspondence between captures and daily pattern of emergence of adults. Cumulative trap and pail captures over the spring and summer flights...

Field screening tests indicated that males of the native budworm,Heliothis punctiger Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were attracted to a 20:20: 1 mixture of (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: ALD), (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac) and (Z)-9-tetradecenal (Z9-14: ALD), respectively. Inconsistent results were obtained when the Z11-16: Ac in the ble...

Field screening tests indicated that males of the native budworm, Heliothis punctiger Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were attracted to a 20:20:1 mixture of (Z)‐11‐hexadecenal (Z11‐16:ALD), (Z)‐11‐hexadecenyl acetate (Z11‐16:Ac) and (Z)‐9‐tetradecenal (Z9‐14:ALD), respectively. Inconsistent results were obtained when the Z11‐16:Ac in the blend...

The possibility of using synthetic sex pheromones and other behavior-modifying compounds for interfering with sexual communication between male and female moths was first proposed about 20 years ago, and was followed soon after by a large-scale field trial to disrupt mating of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.). The results were exceedingly disa...

Loss rates of (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate and related compounds from various dispensers were compared at 15, 20 and 29° C in the laboratory. Comparisons were also made of the performance of these dispensers in pheromone disruption trials against Cydia molesta (Busck) in peach orchards in Australia, in terms of the reduction of male captures at pheromon...

Male potato tuberworm moths are attracted by a mixture oftrans-4,cis-7-tridecadien-1-ol acetate andtrans-4,cis-7,cis-10-tridecatrien-1-ol acetate. The synthesis of both compounds is described. Overall yields were 14.4 and 9.5% after distillation. The products were purified by liquid chromatography. Mixtures of these compounds in several ratios and...

Males of Pectinophora scutigera (Hold.) were captured in traps baited with Z,Z,7,11- hexadecadienyl acetate. Catches were reduced when the level of Z,E isomer present exceeded 50%. P. endema Common and P. gossypiella (Saund.) were attracted to 1:0.5 and 1:1 blends of the Z,Z and Z,E isomers respectively.

Field trials were undertaken in Victoria and New South Wales, Australia, to discover whether synthetic sex pheromone, cis-8-dodecenyl acetate, could be used to control the oriental fruit moth, Cydia molesta (Busck), in peach orchards by the disruption technique. When pheromone was released at rates exceeding 5 mg/ha h from polyethylene capillary tu...

Peak flight activity of male oriental fruit moths, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), at pheromone sources occurred at from 1 h before to shortly after sunset in flights other than the overwintering emergence when most activity took place 2-3 h before sunset. There was no difference in the time of male activity at synthetic pheromone or live virgin femal...

Brief notes and descriptions of immature stages are given for the following parasites of the Oriental Armyworm,Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides Gn.:Palexorista lucagus (Wlk.),Pseudogonia rufifrons (Wied.),Cuphocera varia (F.) [Tachinidae] and an ichneumonid,Vulgichneumon sp. nearleucaniae Uchida.

Observations were made between 1964 and 1968 on the biology and ecology of rice stem borers during a programmed of research on various rice pests. The principal lepidopterous borers in the wet rice area were Tryporyza incertulas (Walk.), Chilo suppressalis (Walk.) and Sesamia inferes (Walk.), while Tryporyza innotata (Walk.) and Chilo auricilius Du...

Observations were made on the biology and ecology of Leptocorisa oratorius (F.) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in Sarawak during a programme of research on various rice pests between 1964 and 1968. The mean duration of the life cycle in Sarawak was 46 days (preoviposition period 21 days, egg 7 days, nymphal stages 18 days). The biological work included obse...

Observations on parasites were made during a study of the following rice stem-borers in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo):Tryporyza incertulas (Walker),T. innotata (Walker),Chilo suppressalis (Walker)C. auricilia (Dudgeon), andSeamia inferens (Walker). Egg-parasitism was often high, but that of the larval and pupal stages generally very low. Between 40–80...

Gryon flavipes (Ashmead) is an egg-parasite of the rice earbug,Leptocorisa oratorius (Fabricius) in Sarawak. The life cycle is completed in 10–16 days. One larva develops per host egg, and maximum parasitism varies between 40–90%. Parasitism is at least partially density-dependent but does not prevent the build-up ofLeptocorisa numbers. A l'occasio...

Observations were made on the bionomics of Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides Gn. in Malaysian Borneo (Sarawak) during an outbreak in 1967. The outbreak was discontinuous over about 6 000 sq. miles, affecting 25 000 acres of lowland and upland rice. In the insectary the durations of the various stages were: egg 2·9 days, first- to seventh-instar lar...

An account is given of Diconocoris hewetti (Dist.), a sporadic pest of pepper in Sarawak. Most of the observations were made during a single outbreak in 1964. The egg and the five nymphal stages are described. The life cycle is completed in about 30 days at 27 ± 1°C., 80 ± 2 per cent. R.H. and the duration of individual stages is as follows: egg, a...

The larvae and pupae of Tryporyza innotata (Wlk.), T. incertulas (Wlk.), Chilo suppressalis (Wlk.), C. polychrysa (Meyr.) (Pyralidae) are described and notes are given on Sesamia ingerens (Wlk.) (Noctuidae) with particular reference to setal characters of the larvae. No obvious difference in chaetotaxy was found between T. incertulas and T. innotat...

(1) Estimates have been obtained of the numbers of eggs, nymphs, and adults of the Juncus delphacid, Conomelus anceps (Germar) throughout the seasons in 1960 and 1961. There were moderate losses during the egg stage with heavy losses during the first- and second-instar stages. (2) Egg mortality increased from 27% in the 1959-60 season to nearly 40%...

1. Pipunculus semifumosus (Kowarz) is an internal parasite of a number of common British Delphacidae. The life cycle and immature stages of the parasite are described. 2. The external and internal effects of parasitism on the delphacid host are described. Reductions in size and genital aberrations are related to the stage at which the host is attac...