George Jacob

George Jacob
VPS Lakeshore

Doctor of Medicine

About

44
Publications
13,071
Reads
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268
Citations
Introduction
An Orthopaedic surgeon with a primary focus on all aspects of knee joint surgery and a special interest in basic science research for cartilage and meniscal regeneration
Additional affiliations
Position
  • Consultant
June 2017 - December 2018
VPS Lakeshore
Position
  • Senior Registrar
May 2014 - May 2017
Nitte University
Position
  • Medical Doctor
Education
January 2019 - January 2020
Osaka University
Field of study
  • Cartilage and Meniscus Tissue Engineering
August 2007 - April 2012

Publications

Publications (44)
Article
Background: Among rugby players, anterior shoulder dislocation is challenging to treat during the in-season period. It often leads to recurrent shoulder instability and requires prolonged rest post-surgery. No studies have determined the effectiveness of immobilization, early muscle strength training, or both in preventing reinjury in this populati...
Article
Purpose The study hypothesized that the addition of lateral extra‐articular tenodesis (LEAT) in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) had a significant effect on ACL graft healing. Methods A total of 80 patients were divided into two cohorts matched for gender, age, body mass index, time from surgery to post‐operative MRI and graft diam...
Article
Full-text available
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has revolutionized the treatment of hip joint arthritis. With the increased popularity and success of the procedure, research has focused on improving implant survival and reducing surgical complications. Optimal component orientation has been a constant focus with various philosophies proposed. Regardless of the philos...
Article
Full-text available
Both mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) offer the potential for repair of damaged connective tissues. The use of hybrid implants containing both human MSC and iPSC was investigated to assess their combined potential to yield enhanced repair of osteochondral defects. Human iPSC-CP wrapped with tissue engineered...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction: Patients with Paget’s disease develop abnormal bony anatomy which can result in significantly altered lower limb alignment predisposing them to early secondary osteoarthritis. Due to the severe extra-articular deformity, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in these patients is challenging. Conventional knee arthroplasty using intramedullary...
Article
Full-text available
Human small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) have been reported to suppress the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in animal studies and subsequently, translation of this potential to assess their clinical efficacy is anticipated. However, fabrication protocols for sEVs to eliminate potentia...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Meniscal tissue is a complex structure and performs a vital role in the normal biomechanical functioning of the knee joint. Unfortunately, Meniscal tissue lacks vascularity and therefore demonstrates poor healing potential. To improve meniscal healing biological therapies have been used to enhance meniscal repairs and improve repair ou...
Preprint
Full-text available
Both mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) offer the potential for repair of damaged connective tissues. The use of hybrid implants containing both human MSC and iPSC was investigated to assess their combined potential to yield enhanced repair of osteochondral defects. Human iPSC-CP wrapped with tissue engineered...
Chapter
Synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SDMSCs) have been shown to have superior proliferative and differentiation capacity when compared to other cell sources. A new tissue-engineered construct (TEC) has been developed using SDMSCs which is natural and scaffold-free. Early results of TEC in chondral repair strategies have been encouraging; demons...
Article
Full-text available
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has become a popular surgery in orthopedic practice today, and the technique has evolved significantly over time. Surgical procedure, graft choice, and fixation systems have varied over the years. Nonetheless, several challenges like insufficient graft ligamentization, tunnel enlargement, and insuffi...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction: We propose a possible mechanism of dislocation in a posterior stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and suggest that it can be treated like a stable posteriorly dislocated hip replacement if stable throughout the range on examination under anesthesia. Case report: A 71-year-old female presented with the right posterior knee...
Chapter
Meniscal injuries are a frequently encountered clinical scenario and at present in patients of all age groups and activity levels. They have been known to occur as a result of trauma as well as joint degeneration, and whether they are a cause or consequence of osteoarthritis remains unclear. It is now known that a meniscal injury has both a biochem...
Chapter
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of osteoarthritis has been explored extensively over the last two decades, and newer techniques, as well as evaluation of newer cell sources, have been further studied. Cartilage degeneration has been a major obstacle to overcome in orthopaedic surgery, and stem cell therapy has shown reaso...
Chapter
Chondral regeneration and repair is a field of orthopaedics that has had exponential growth in the last decade. The use of various cells, stem cells and repair techniques have shown encouraging results for addressing chondral joint pathologies. The biomechanics of cartilage has been further researched to understand the requirements of the regenerat...
Chapter
The introduction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into orthopedics has opened a variety of new evolving cellular treatments for treatment of chondral injuries. These cells are processed in one-step protocols or by cellular expansion to regenerate cartilage tissue and often combined with existing therapies such as microfracture. MSCs vary in their d...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction: Lateral collateral ligament calcification is a rare cause of knee pain. There are only a handful of case reports, and the findings are usually incidental and asymptomatic. The exact mechanism for calcific deposit remains unclear. We present a case of symptomatic calcification within the lateral collateral ligament treated by surgical...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: Chondrocyte -based tissue engineering has been a promising option for the treatment of cartilage lesions. In previous literature, TD198946 has been shown to promote chondrogenic differentiation which could prove useful in cartilage regeneration therapies. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of TD198946 in generating engineered cart...
Article
Full-text available
Background It is well studied that preparations of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) obtained from mesenchymal tissues can function as biological scaffolds to regenerate injured musculoskeletal tissues. Previously, we reported that soluble decellularized ECMs derived from meniscal tissue demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and produced...
Article
Human synovium‐derived stem cells (hSSCs) are an attractive source of cells for cartilage repair. At present, the quality of tissue and techniques used for cartilage regeneration have scope for improvement. A small compound, TD‐198946, was reported to enhance chondrogenic induction from hSSCs; however, other applications of TD‐198946, such as primi...
Article
Full-text available
Osteochondral lesions (OL) are a common clinical problem for orthopedic surgeons worldwide and are associated with multiple clinical scenarios ranging from trauma to osteonecrosis. OL vary from chondral lesions in that they involve the subchondral bone and chondral surface, making their management more complex than an isolated chondral injury. Subc...
Article
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Objectives We aim to study the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to proximal tibia bone morphology in Indian patients. Materials and Methods Forty male subjects who sustained non-contact ACL injury who presented to our center between October 2015 and December 2016 studied and compared to 40 non-ACL injury knee magnetic resonance...
Article
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Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are commonly encountered alongside anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Treatment modalities have ranged from conservative management to surgical repair, augmentation, and reconstruction. Various reports have reported residual valgus instability, especially in higher-grade injuries that have been treated co...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: The rapidly growing and emerging nature of biologics have made indications for regenerative and reparative hip therapies ever changing, with at times only early-stage evidence for their use. The purpose of this study was to review and summarize the currently available data on the management of hip cartilage injuries and osteoarthritis. M...
Article
Vertical Pauwels Type III fractures of the neck of femur in young patients are difficult fractures to treat. These are usually as a result of high energy trauma which are associated with a significant degree of fracture comminution in the neck of femur. This makes the fracture reduction and fixation difficult. Many fixation methods and implants hav...
Article
Full-text available
Historically, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) suture repair mostly resulted in failure because of intra-articular hypovascularity and poor intrinsic healing capacity of ACL. ACL reconstruction was therefore deemed the gold standard with a high success rate because of more evolved surgical technique. There are, however, clinical and subclinical dis...
Article
Full-text available
Meniscal injuries have posed a challenging problem for many years, especially considering that historically the meniscus was considered to be a structure with no important role in the knee joint. This led to earlier treatments aiming at the removal of the entire structure in a procedure known as a meniscectomy. However, with the current understandi...
Article
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Objective: Many studies assessing the outcomes of extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) and its role in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) have shown ETO to be an extremely useful tool in femoral stem explantation and reducing intra-operative fractures. However, the sagittal plane of the osteotomy means detachment of the abductor mechanism inser...
Article
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Background: Patellofemoral instability is a common cause of recurrent patellar dislocation in adolescent females and athletes. The various risk factors for this condition include generalised ligamentous laxity, abnormal lower limb alignment. abnormal patella and trochlear morphology. We report a case where we encountered multiple factors causing re...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Background: Conservative modalities such as intra articular corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid (HA) have been employed to ameliorate the symptoms of osteoarthrosis and delay total knee arthroplasty. They have both been used for decades with ambiguous results in literature. We studied the effects of the concentration of methyl prednisolone, low mole...
Article
Objective We aim to study the effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid injections in treatment of early Osteoarthritis (OA). We assess which form of HA is most beneficial and whether combining PRP and HA have a better clinical outcome. Design Data: Cases diagnosed with early knee OA in the department of Orthopedic's, K. S. Hegde...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Background: Osteoarthrosis is the most common form of arthritis in the world with more than one third of the worlds population suffer from this disease. The disease symptomatology reduces the subject’s quality of life drastically in otherwise healthy individuals. Many treatments have been explored from more conservative oral medications to surgical...
Article
The incidence of periprosthetic distal femoral fractures after total knee replacement has been reported to be in the range of 0.3% to 2.5%. The treatment is technically challenging in fractures with small osteopenic distal fragment that might compromise stable fixation. Proper alignment and stabilization of the fracture is mandatory for early mobil...
Article
Full-text available
Objective This study was undertaken to identify variations in the hip joint space in patients with healed Legg–Calvé–Perthes’ disease (LCPD) and to correlate these changes with the radiological outcome of treatment. Methods The width of the joint space was measured on radiographs of 121 skeletally mature individuals with healed LCPD. The joint spa...

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