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Publications (71)
Recognizing the potential interactions and synergies between adaptation and mitigation in land-use policies in general and forest policies in particular, research on climate change policy has increasingly focused on integrating both objectives simultaneously (hereafter “interaction model”). However, while support exists for the integration of adapt...
What are the features of a good regulatory review process? In this paper we identify criteria for ‘good process’ drawn from a combined reading of the environmental justice and process literature. We then apply these criteria to a case study, assessing four versions of Canadian regulatory review: CEAA 1992, CEAA 2012, the 2017 Expert Panel report, a...
The need to involve the public and stakeholders in decision-making around issues of technological complexity and conflicting values and knowledge systems is widely accepted in the field of natural resources management. Addressing both analysis and deliberation, analytic-deliberative processes are increasingly used for complex decision contexts. Yet...
This paper examines the origins, influence, and challenges of the climate movement’s shift to focus on blocking new fossil fuel infrastructure. It addresses four core research questions: (1) How effective has the strategy of place-based resistance to fossil fuel development been at promoting climate action and the reduction of global warming emissi...
The role of forest management in mitigating climate change is a central concern for the Canadian province of British Columbia. The successful implementation of forest management activities to achieve climate change mitigation in British Columbia will be strongly influenced by public support or opposition. While we now have increasingly clear ideas...
Overview of survey questions.
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Overview of survey respondents’ demographic.
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To be successful, actions for mitigating climate change in the forest and forest sector will not only need to be informed by the best available science, but will also require strong public and/or political acceptability. This paper presents the results of a novel analytical-deliberative engagement process that brings together stakeholders and Indig...
In recent years, the provision of economic incentives through carbon financing and carbon offsetting has been central to efforts at forest carbon mitigation. However, notwithstanding their potentially important roles in climate policy, forest carbon offsets face numerous barriers which have limited widespread implementation worldwide. This paper us...
Forests play an important role in regulating climate. Changes in how forests and harvested wood products are managed can also offer substantial opportunities to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions or increasing carbon removals from the atmosphere.
To evaluate the credibility and public acceptability of such forest...
This perspective documents current thinking around climate actions in Canada by synthesizing scholarly proposals made by Sustainable Canada Dialogues (SCD), an informal network of scholars from all 10 provinces, and by reviewing responses from civil society representatives to the scholars’ proposals. Motivated by Canada’s recent history of repeated...
The most significant carbon mitigation policy currently targeting BC’s forests is the Forest Carbon Offsets Protocol (FCOP) that outlines the rules regulating forest carbon offsets. By applying the Policy Regime Framework to the FCOP, this paper addresses the following specific questions: what is the extent of the policy change brought by FCOP, and...
Regulatory reformers have shown increased interest in performance-based regulation that focuses on the objectives being pursued rather than the means or process by which they are achieved. This article examines a revealing case of behavioral response to regulatory reform: the response of regulated entities to a new, more performance-based form of e...
La possibilité d’accroître, sur les marchés, l’offre de pétrole canadien provenant de sables bitumineux est de plus en plus contestée, les projets de nouveaux pipelines suscitant beaucoup de controverse. Dans cet article, je conçois un cadre d’analyse du risque politique dans ce domaine, et je l’applique à cinq projets de pipelines. Le risque polit...
Advocates of regulatory reform have argued for performance-based regulation that focuses on the objectives being pursued rather than the means or process by which they are achieved. The great promise of performance-based approaches is that they are believed to provide a more cost-effective approach to achieving desired objectives. This article exam...
Public participation processes are touted as an effective way to increase the capacity and legitimacy of environmental assessment and the regulatory process that rely on them. Recent changes to the Canadian environmental assessment process narrowed the criteria for who can participate in environmental assessments from any who were interested to tho...
As part of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote economic development, many jurisdictions are reforming their electricity sectors with new policies designed to promote clean energy In Canada, the two most active jurisdictions in this regard are Ontario and British Columbia. Both provinces embarked on aggressive sustainable energy (...
Over the past decade, energy policy has become increasingly controversial in Canada and the United States, with Canada’s oil sands emerging as a major flashpoint of controversy. This paper will compare energy-environment policy and governance in Canada and the United States through a case study of two controversial oil sands pipelines: Keystone XL...
This article examines how powerful policy actors defend themselves against opponents' strategies of conflict expansion through a case study on the oil sands of Alberta. In response to an escalation of criticism of its performance on environmental regulation and related issues, the government of Alberta has pursued a strategy of engaging in several...
Community-based management is an important trend in natural resource governance. In North America, British Columbia has received considerable attention for its initiatives in community forestry. This article addresses the question of whether British Columbia's initiatives have met the government's intention to provide “local control over forests fo...
This paper uses survey information to examine several common assertions about the institutional prerequisites for successful profitability when a First Nation enters an economic enterprise either independently or in joint effort with an outside firm. In the winter of 20042005, we interviewed managers on both the First Nations and private sides of j...
Using a case study of Clayoquot Sound, this article examines progress and challenges with creating an equal partnership in a case of comanagement of forest resources between indigenous peoples and the state in Canada. The analysis of participants' perceptions revealed a need for careful definition of key terms used in comanagement arrangements to e...
Through the Scientific Panel Planning process, First Nations in Clayoquot Sound have had the opportunity to identify and map their culturally significant areas in order to ensure their protection in forest management activities. In this study, individuals involved in forest management from government, industry, and First Nations sectors were interv...
The region is also home to roughly 20-30 aboriginal and non-aboriginal communities, with an estimated 20 of these communities having economies that are dependent on the forest industry. Forestry in the region provides about 5000 direct jobs with several large forest companies (Weyerhaeuser, International Forests Products, and Western Forest Product...
This paper reviews the battles over the Forest Service planning rule that culminated in the November 2000 revising of the regulations implementing the National Forest Management Act. In a departure froj the agency’s emphasis on multiple use, the rule established ecological sustainability as the key objective guiding planning for the national forest...
The authors are among the brightest political scien-tists in British Columbia. The objective of the book is to describe and explain BC forest policy during the 1990s. These two features add up to a challeng-ing contribution to the public debate. The authors address questions like: "What ini-tiatives were undertaken by the NDP government and what lo...
This article evaluates the environmental criticisms of free trade that have been such an important part of the critique of globalization. The first section briefly surveys the range of criticisms environmentalists have brought against the new economic order. The second section examines the available literature on the race to the bottom, one of the...
Policy analysis has usually been organized around the concept of the policy sector, which has served as the fundamental unit for analyzing policy change. The emergence of well-defined and institutionalized issue subsectors, however, has called the utility of a purely sectoral analysis of policy dynamics into question. Utilizing evidence from a case...
Since before Confederation, Canada's national identity has been defined in part by its relationship to the United States. This article examines trends in North American integration and their consequences for various aspects of Canadian life, focusing on the economic and political dimensions. It introduces the concept of integration, provides a brie...
States in a Changing World (1997), as well as a number of scholarly articles. He is currently engaged in research and writing on comparative forest policy, theories of policy change, the role of knowledge in public policy, and international influences on domestic public policy. Paul Howe holds a Ph.D. from the University of British Columbia. During...
Network and regime approaches to policy studies are both organized around the idea of a policy-specific subsystem. The problem with this sectoral focus is that it overlooks a potentially important source of policy: the intersection of one sector with another. This article analyses one example of policy change through sec-tor intersection: the case...
Sumario: Policy making amid scientific uncertainty -- Cancer risk assessment -- Between science and politics: assessing the risks of dioxin -- Forbidden fruit: regulating the pesticides alachlor and alar -- Paternalism vs consumer choice: regulation of saccharin in Canada and the United States -- Political insulation: the rise and fall of urea-form...
Ken Lertzman, Jeremy Rayner and Jeremy Wilson provide an idea-based approach to explaining changes in British Columbia's forest policy by applying the concept of learning developed by Paul Sabatier as part of his “advocacy coalition framework.” This effort to highlight the importance of ideas and learning is a welcome development in Canadian policy...
On December 11, 1990, the Canadian federal government introduced the Green Plan, a $3 billion comprehensive environmental action plan intended to guide federal environmental policy over the ensuing five years. This article examines the policy instruments contained in the Green Plan. We develop a classification of instruments in the plan, and then o...
Thesis (Ph. D.)--MIT, 1987. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 624-647). Photocopy.
This article uses the case of toxic substance regulation to examine the process of governmental agenda-setting. Two kinds of comparisons are employed: across-national comparison of Canada and the United States, and a comparison of two toxic substance controversies. In the case of dioxins from pulp mills, the issue emerged on the two Countries' agen...
This article analyzes the American influence on Canadian environmental regulation in order to show the international sources of domestic public policy, especially the manner in which Canadian policy development is influenced by the United States, and the specific dynamics of Canadian regulatory policy. The United States influences Canadian domestic...
A key priority of the Reagan Revolution was an attack on the system of health, safety, and environmental regulation that arose in the 1970s. This article evaluates Reagan's regulatory reforms through the lens of one particularly important case study, the regulation of pesticides. This case will be used to explore two issues: (1) an empirical questi...
This article is a comparative case study of environmental regulation in Canada and the United States, focussing on one important area of environmental regulation, pesticides, and on the treatment of North America's most commercially important pesticide, alachlor. Alachlor is a clear case of policy divergence: Canadians have banned the substance whi...
Air pollutants that are transported over great distances have become an important scientific and policy issue, because they are not currently regulated under the Clean Air Act. The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) has examined tthe potential benefits of acting now to abate transported air pollutants versus the potential costs of action that ma...
Abstract This paper assesses the tension between,economic,integration and domestic policy autonomy. We focus on the implications of North American integration for Canada’s capacity to make distinctive policy choices in the social and environmental,policy sectors. We also survey other comparative,literature on a broader range of cases and countries....
The conflict Electricity policy in British Columbia has become increasingly controversial over the past several years. The conflict has focused on new hydroelectricity projects being developed by private sector "independent power producers" (IPPs). Environmentalists and unions have been highly critical of the Campbell government's decision to rely...
The current mountain pine beetle outbreak in the interior region of British Columbia is the largest in recorded history. The scale and intensity of the epidemic pose massive economic, environmental, and social challenges to the province. The infestation is projected to kill 80 per cent of merchantable and susceptible lodgepole pine across the provi...
