George Feldhamer

Southern Illinois University Carbondale | SIU · Department of Zoology

From the back cover: "Reflecting the diversity of five leading mammalogists, the fifth edition of Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology significantly updates taxonomy, includes a new introductory chapter on the science of mammalogy, and highlights several recently described species. To enhance its appeal to students, textual material has been r...

Understanding the factors used by female cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) to make mate choice decisions could benefit zoo breeding programs, which currently assign mates based primarily on genetic distance. Because transporting animals between institutions is costly and can be stressful, females are often limited in the number of males available for mat...

We took nine skull measurements, three body measurements, and body mass on 240 eastern moles (Scalopus aquaticus) to determine age and sex-related morphologic variation. We estimated age of specimens as juveniles (<1 y old) or adults 1 to 4+ y old based on wear of the last upper molar. Mean values for all skull and body measurements were significan...

Populations of Neotoma floridana (Eastern Woodrat) are decreasing in parts of their geographic range in the southeastern United States, and the species is state-endangered in Illinois. Once found throughout the Shawnee Hills region of southern Illinois, woodrats were restricted to four known populations in Jackson and Union counties by the late 198...

Golden mice (Ochrotomys nuttalli) occur throughout the southeastern United States, and are on the periphery of their geographic range in southern Illinois, where they are a state-listed threatened species. We assessed relative abundance and distribution of populations of golden mice in southern Illinois by mark—recapture and occupancy models, and t...

Think of deer and the image that pops into most American's minds is that of a white-tailed deer, the most common large mammal in North America. Most Europeans are more familiar with red deer. It may surprise many people to know that there are actually about 50 species of deer found throughout the world. Here, readers will find nontechnical, expert...

We found dental anomalies in 36 of 249 (14.5%) cleaned skulls of eastern moles from southern Illinois and Cincinnati, Ohio. Additional teeth (supernumeration) were observed in four individuals; one specimen had a unilateral additional upper premolar, and three specimens had additional upper or lower incisors. Connation (splitting) occurred unilater...

On 6 May 2003, a tornado severely damaged 284 ha of Mermet Lake State Forest and Wildlife Area in southern Illinois. We used mist nets and Anabat ultrasonic detectors to determine if community composition and habitat use of bats differed between the tornado-disturbed forest and surrounding undisturbed forest during the summers of 2004 and 2005. Ten...

We collected data on the diet of eight species of insectivorous bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae): big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), red bats (Lasiurus borealis), evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis), northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis), little brown myotis (M. lucifugus), Indiana myotis (M. sodalis), southeastern myotis (M. austroriparius)...

We used mistnets to survey bats at 41 sites throughout the Shawnee National Forest in southern Illinois during the summers of 1999 and 2000. Unlike most previous studies, we placed nets in the interior of forest stands as well as the more typical placement along edge habitats associated with water. We captured 417 individual bats representing 10 sp...

Until recently, eastern woodrats (Neotoma floridana, Ord) at Pine Hills, Union County, were believed to be the only extant population in Illinois. During 1994, additional populations in adjacent Jackson County were discovered at Fountain Bluff, Horseshoe Bluff, and Little Grand Canyon. Genetic variation among Illinois woodrat populations was estima...

We measured habitat characteristics at 34 arboreal nest sites of golden mice (Ochrotomys nuttalli) and 34 paired random sites from May–Sept. 1997. Microhabitat was significantly different between the two types of sites. Arboreal nest sites differed from random sites in 5 of the 12 habitat characteristics measured including: more climbing vines and...

Multiple captures (34 double, 6 triple) in standard Sherman live traps accounted for 6.3% of 1355 captures of Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mice) in forested habitat in southern Illinois, from Oct. 2004 through Oct. 2005. There was a significant positive relationship between both the number and the proportion of multiple captures and estimated...

In North America, the largest numbers of free-ranging sika deer (Cervus nippon) currently occur in Texas and Maryland, with smaller populations on Chincoteague Island, Virginia; there are very small populations about which little is known in North Carolina and Kentucky. Sika deer in these five states are sympatric with native white-tailed deer (Odo...

We quantified relative extent of pelage staining in Scalopus aquaticus (eastern mole) as an indicator of scent-gland marking, and evaluated whether staining was associated with colored pelage spots and patches often prevalent on the snout and ventral surface of individuals. Moles were collected from southern Illinois (n = 91) and from Cincinnati, O...

Although the designation Mus has long been abandoned as the generic name for the golden mouse (Ochrotomys nuttalli), the sentiments of Audubon and Bachman (1841) capture the appeal of this species for biologists today, and its morphology, life history, and ecological adaptations continue to be active subjects of research. In many respects, the gold...

Although the main focus of this volume centers on the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister), there are 18 other species of woodrats in North America (Table 11.1) and several present serious conservation challenges. Some of these species, or subspecies, of woodrats have declined for many of the same reasons as N. magister, whereas the decline of othe...

Most mammalian species in North America are neither widespread nor abundant, and as noted by Kunin and Gaston (1993:298), “… most of the world’s species are rare in some sense of the word.” Rarity of species—and their enhanced potential for extinction—is a fundamental concept in conservation biology. Nonetheless, there is little consensus as to the...

As noted in Chapters 1 and 3, the golden mouse (Ochrotomys nuttalli) is too seldom the focal species of small mammal studies. Instead, information on the biology and ecology of the golden mouse is often gained in conjunction with studies on much more common, widespread species such as white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) or cotton mice (P. gossy...

No group of mammals has more species than Rodentia. With close to 2300 recognized species throughout the world, Rodents comprise about forty-two percent of all living mammalian species. These mammals can have major impacts on human life-they can be major crop depredators, vectors of disease, and important models for scientific research. When we hea...

We mist-netted bats to test the efficacy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service Indiana Bat Protocol (IBP), which recommends monitoring nets every 20 min. We continuously videotaped mist nets while monitoring and removing bats every 20 min. We recorded 157 bats on video that approached within 10 m of the mist net. Thirty-six bats (23.1%) avoided the n...

We examined dental anomalies, including oligodonty, polydonty, connation, rotation, and misalignment in 510 gray foxes and 150 red foxes from southern Illinois (USA). Dental anomalies were significantly more common (x 2 = 11.5, df = 1,p < 0.001) in gray foxes (n = 177; 34.7% of sample) than red foxes (n = 25; 16.6% of sample), and more common in ma...

Roost trees used by female Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis), a federally endangered species, and sympatric northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis) at two locations in southern Illinois greatly impacted by past flooding were located using radiotelemetry. For 30 Indiana bats, we located 49 roosts in 7 species of trees. Green ash snags (Fraxinu...

We captured, marked, and recaptured southern short-tailed shrews (Blarina carolinensis) during a 30-month livetrapping study in a woodlot in Jackson County, Illinois, to compare aspects of their life history with those of the northern short-tailed shrew (B. brevicauda). A total of 106,496 trap checks (15,782 trap nights) resulted in 3,430 captures...

The cleaned skulls of 39 wild and 30 domestic pigs from southern Illinois (USA) were assessed for dental anomalies including polydonty, oligodonty, misalignment, and rotation. Dental anomalies occurred in 16 wild and 15 domestic pigs. Oligodonty (either bilateral or unilateral) was the most common anomaly, occurring in 9 wild (23.1% of the sample)...

The objective of this study was to assess whether differences in abundance of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were related to habitat features within and surrounding 60 sampled bottomland forest patches. Habitat features included patch size, patch shape, and landuse within a 300-m buffer surrounding each patch. During 18,000 trap nights, we...

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate patterns of genetic variation in five species of shrews from southern Illinois, and western Kentucky and Tennessee. Four of the five species occur sympatrically. Twenty-eight presumptive loci were examined in the following species: pygmy shrew Sorex hoyi Baird, southeastern shrew Sorex longirostris...

To estimate home range and ascertain nesting habits of golden mice (Ochrotomys nuttalli), 19 individuals were radiocollared and their nests located. Individual home-range area did not significantly vary with sex, season, or number of nests used; minimum convex polygon and adaptive kernel estimates ranged from 0.18 to 1.33 ha and from 0.33 to 2.82 h...

Les AA. analysent la frequence avec laquelle les differents groupes de mammiferes (taxa) apparaissent sur les etiquettes de bouteilles de biere ou de cidre a travers le monde, afin de determiner les tendances des taxa representes. L'analyse montre que les frequences constatees pour les ordres et familles de mammiferes ne correspondent pas aux propo...

Pregnant Northern Long-eared Bats (Myotis septentrionalis), Red Bats (Lasiurus borealis), and Eastern Pipistrelles (Pipistrellus subflavus) were taken beginning in mid-May in southern Illinois. For Northern Long-eared and Red Bats, pregnant individuals were caught during a two-week period until early June. Pregnancy and lactation in Northern Long-e...

Ungulates can affect primary production, plant and animal species composition, nutrient cycling, and soil properties. We conducted a study at the Tennessee Valley Authority's Land Between The Lakes to investigate the effects of introduced Elk (Cervus elaphus) and Bison (Bison bison) on small mammal fauna in a 324-ha enclosure. From June 1998 throug...

We studied extrinsic and intrinsic factors affecting trap-response heterogeneity in house mice (Mus musculus) in eight 0.1-ha outdoor enclosures. Changes in density did not significantly affect proportions of mice captured. Overall, greater proportions of males than females were captured. Adults were captured more often than subadults, and subadult...

The percentages of yearling male and female white-tailed deer in fall harvests on the Tennessee portion of Land Between the Lakes (LBL) were significantly related to the density of sound, fallen acorns 2 years previously. Mean antler beam diameter, mean beam length, and mean number of antler points of yearlings were significantly related to acorn d...

We tested two different-sized Sherman live traps for their effectiveness in capturing small mammals. Significantly more White-looted Mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and Cotton Mice (P. gossypinus) were captured in small traps. Significantly more Rice Rats (Oryzomys palustris) were captured in large traps. Mean body mass of individual Peromyscus captured...

We document the first known occurrences of the cotton mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus) in Illinois since 1909. Mean kind foot length and body mass of cotton mice from study areas in two counties were significantly greater than sympatric white-footed mice (P. leucopus). The cotton mice occurred in forested bottomland habitat.

A total of 383 Peromyscus was collected from southern Illinois to determine morphological characteristics useful in identifying individuals as either P. leucopus (Rafinesque, 1818) or P. maniculatus (Wagner, 1845). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of salivary amylase was used to positively identify all specimens. No univariate morphological chara...

The eastern woodrat, a state-endangered species, is a generalist herbivore that depends on cached food during part of the year. We identified seasonal variation in the diet of woodrats at Pine Hills, Union County, Illinois, based on analysis of fecal pellets, and determined if they consumed forage in proportion to its availability in the habitat. W...

Because captive and free-ranging populations of sika deer (Cervus nippon) are increasing in the United States, with potential adverse effects on native cervids, a better understanding of the reproductive traits of this exotic species is needed to assess its population dynamics. Thus, we analyzed reproductive tracts of 15 calf, 25 yearling, and 54 a...

The gastrointestinal tracts of 60 raccoons (Procyon lotor) were examined for helminths. Six species were found: four species of nematodes (Arthrocephalus lotoris, Physaloptera rara, Gnathostoma procyonis, and Baylisascaris procyonis); one species of cestode (Mesocestoides variabilis); and one species of acanthocephalan (Macracanthorhynchus ingens)....

A total of 388 shrews of four species was captured during 14 months of pitfall trapping on 20 sites located in five habitat types on Land Between the Lakes, in western Kentucky and Tennessee. The soricid community was made up of one large species (Blarina brevicauda), one medium-sized species (Cryptotis parva), and two small species (Sorex hoyi and...

Examination of 576 individuals among 5 species of North American shrews from southern Illinois and western Kentucky and Tennessee revealed 29 cases of dental anomalies, including supernumeration, missing, diminutive, displaced, and fused teeth. All anomalies were in the upper dentition. The most common anomaly was missing teeth, which occurred in a...

Golden mice (Ochrotomys nuttalli) and white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were live-trapped on 21 pine plantation sites in southern Illinois. The mean number of captures per individual, and the number of different traps in which they were taken, were significantly less for golden mice than for white-footed mice. Forty percent of individual gold...

The relative frequency of shrews captured in pitfall traps and as remains in discarded bottles was compared in southern Illinois. A total of 72 discarded bottles contained the remains of 290 shrews of three species: southern short-tailed shrew (Blarina carolinensis), least shrew (Cryptotis parva) and southeastern shrew (Sorex longirostris). Pitfall...

We examined the effects of cumulative winter climate on acorn yield and body weight of immature white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the following autumn, and spring population density of deer on Land Between the Lakes (LBL), Tennessee. Body weights of male and female fawns and yearlings were positively correlated with acorn yield the previou...

Mean skull measurements from an introduced Japanese sika deer population in Maryland averaged 78.5 % of those of native Manchurian sika deer from the Soviet Union. Variation associated with skull dimensions of the introduced population was significantly less than in native Soviet and Japanese populations. This was attributed to the very small initi...

An 18-month accumulation of prey remains from a pair of nesting barn owls (Tyto alba) is described from South Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina. Meadow voles (Microtus pennsyluanicus) ' comprised 69.1% of 726 individual prey items. ln coastal South Carolina, meadow voles have not been reported outside Charleston County.

Locations of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) along a 41.4-km section of Interstate 84 (I-84) right-of-way in Pike County, Pennsylvania, were determined by radio telemetry and spotlight surveys. Bucks crossed roads more often (P 0.05) between road-kills and highway direction, habitat, topography, or fence placement. However, deer were kil...

Incluye bibliografía e índice Reimpresión en 1983, 1987, 1990

Genetic variation and differentiation in 326 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virgin-ianus) from Allegany and Garrett counties, Maryland, were examined by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Of 57 loci examined, 18 were polymorphic. Patterns of frequency distribution of alleles at polymorphic loci indicate considerable genetic heterogeneity within...

Epstein, M.B., G.A. Feldhamer, R.L. Joyner, R.J. Hamilton and W.G. Moore. 1985. Home range and mortality of white-tailed deer fawns on two coastal islands in South Carolina. Proc. Annu. Conf. SE Assoc. Fish & Wildl. Agencies 39:373-379

Blood samples were taken from individual meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) every three weeks. Two serum proteins, albumin and transferrin, were examined using acrylamide electrophoresis and densitometry. In individuals of both species, electrophoretic mobility and banding pattern changed. Such change...

The karyotypes of four sika deer ( Cervus nippon Temminck: Cervldae) were found to be identical, possibly as a result of their descent from smell fouider populations. G-banding allowed pairing of all elements, and will help in the identification of centric fusion variants that are polymorphic in other populations. A single metacentric chromosome (p...

Forty-eight white-tailed deer fawns (Odocoileus virginianus) were marked during the spring and early summer of 1981 and 1982. Forty-one (85.4%) of these fawns died, 26 (63%) due to predation. In 18 of the 26 predator-caused deaths, the species of predator could be determined. Bobcats (Felis rufus) accounted for 12 deaths, while red foxes (Vulpes vu...

A total of 460 adult and 108 fetal black-tailed jackrabbits was collected in east-central Idaho over three sampling periods. Adult and fetal sex ratios, age structure and reproductive parameters were determined. A significant difference in sex ratio was noted only for adults collected during the breeding season, which suggested a bias in the collec...

Typescript (photocopy). Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 1977. Includes bibliographical references.

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