Georg Krammer

• Priv.-Doz. Dr.rer.nat.
• Senior Researcher at Johannes Kepler University of Linz

Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) are increasingly the focus of psychological studies implementing ecological momentary assessment, ambulatory assessment, daily diary studies and experience sampling methods. The shared aim of these is to transcend the long-standing research tradition of studying studies between-person phenomena and thus emphasizing...

This article addresses aggregation as a fundamental practice in educational psychology and ties it into the idiographic/nomothetic distinction, that is, distinguishing between studying what once was and studying what always is. I address the underlying assumptions of seminal educational research (OECD’s large-scales assessment and Hattie’s synthesi...

Comparing teachers’ self-assessment to classes’ assessment of quality of teaching can offer insights for educational research and be a valuable resource for teachers’ continuous professional development. However, the quality of teaching needs to be measured in the same way across perspectives for this comparison to be meaningful. We used data from...

Neuromyths have been discussed to detrimentally affect educational practice but the evidence for this assumption is still very scarce. We investigated whether 255 student-teachers’ beliefs in neuromyths are related to their academic achievement (overall grade point averages and 1st year practical courses). Believing or rejecting neuromyths that mak...

This study aims to further our understanding of applicant faking twofold. First, it challenges viewing applicant faking as a systematic shift from otherwise honest responses. To this end, systematic item parameter shifts are proposed and tested across applicants and incumbents. Second, items’ perceived relevance in a college admission process as re...

The use of personality tests in selection procedures is controversial because of their susceptibility to faking. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent and prediction of faking, including dispositional and situational characteristics in a within-subjects design. We compared Big Five scores from a low-stakes and a high-stakes situation...

This simulation study evaluated how model fit in multilevel structural equation models (ML-SEM) is affected by within-person nonuniform measurement bias in intensive longitudinal data (ILD). This kind of bias would be given if item discrimination (i.e., their factor loadings) in multiple-item questionnaires varied within person across time. Prior s...

The Open Science movement has gained significant momentum over the past decade. This shift in culture is also ongoing in educational research, as demonstrated by this special issue. In this paper, we focus on one Open Science practice: Open Data. Open Data aims to enhance transparency, reproducibility, and accessibility of scientific research by ma...

In this paper, error analyses are used to reveal the nature of mathematical procedural knowledge. In particular, the aim is to empirically confirm the structure of procedural knowledge described in theory and to further differentiate the corresponding terms. In this context , the coding of the processing of procedural tasks by students at the end o...

We point out potential drawbacks of some of Leising et al.’s (2022a) proposed ways how personality science can be improved. We argue that it is ill-advised to use only one measure for a concept. Also, we argue that researchers should not refrain from conducting a study when a high level of statistical power is precluded. Then, we go one step furthe...

This study aims to examine pre-service teachers' academic success longitudinally. We studied in 537 pre-service students how three criteria of success (achievement, intention to persistent and actual retention) could be predicted by demographic, cognitive, personality , and motivational variables. Applying structural equation modelling , we found d...

Based on a large (N = 612) longitudinal sample in a teacher education program, we compared how three methods of personality scoring—manifest mean scores, correlated‐factors model scores, and bifactor model scores—predict academic achievement assessed by grade point averages. Furthermore, we compared predictiveness across honest responses, applicant...

Narcissism is a relatively stable personality trait, which is most accurately described by three facets: agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic. Existing studies support the central role of antagonistic narcissism and its role in explaining the process of fluctuation in narcissism. However, there is a lack of a suitable adjective-based measure of anta...

Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) are increasingly the focus of psychological studies implementing ecological momentary assessment, ambulatory assessment, daily diary studies and experience sampling methods. The shared aim of these is to transcend the long-standing research tradition of studying studies between-person phenomena and thus emphasizing...

Personality research is seeing a surge of daily diary studies and ecological momentary assessment. However, we more often assume than test that latent variables assessing personality are equivalent within a person across time. This assumption has been termed dimensional identity or its opposite interoccasion variability. Interoccasion variability w...

Narcissism is a relatively stable personality trait, which is most accurately described by three facets: agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic. Existing studies support the central role of antagonistic narcissism and its role in explaining the process of fluctuation in narcissism. However, there is a lack of a suitable adjective-based measure of anta...

This paper presents a study (n = 198) on possible interactions between the acquisition of declarative and conditional-procedural classroom management knowledge, the Big 5, and self-efficacy within initial teacher education. In addition, the development of student teachers' self-efficacy was examined over the course of one semester of study. The sta...

In languages such as German, French, or Hindi, plural forms of job occupations and societal roles are often in a generic-masculine form instead of a gender-inclusive form. Although meant as “generic”, this generic-masculine form excludes women from everyday language. Specifically, listeners and readers are less likely to think of women when this fo...

The present study examines the question of whether certain humor styles predict self-esteem. Men and women in 15 countries (NTOTAL = 4701) completed self-report measures assessing self-esteem and the four humor styles of affiliative, aggressive, self-defeating, and self-enhancing. Each of the country samples had self-esteem averages at or above the...

The gender-sensitive analysis of influencing factors on mathematical performance of primary school pupils can yield valuable insights into facilitating this vital phase of pupils’ educational trajectory. We view gender-sensitive mathematical performance in primary school based on works of Niklas (Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 62, 106, 20...

This simulation study evaluated how model fit in multilevel structural equation models (ML-SEM) is affected by within-person nonuniform measurement bias in intensive longitudinal data (ILD). This kind of bias would be given if item discrimination (i.e., their factor loadings) in multiple-item questionnaires varied within person across time. Prior s...

Utilizing responses given by 6256 applicants to teacher training studies at several Austrian colleges and universities, this study attempts to replicate the three tests by Austin et al. (1997) examining the possible relationships between intelligence and personality. The results did not support the Differentiation of Personality by Intelligence Hyp...

Although interindividual differences in narcissism are well studied, little is known about assessing narcissism at the within-person level. To fill this research gap, we investigated whether the narcissism construct is represented in the same way at the between- and within-person levels. We analyzed four established narcissism measures across multi...

Forschendes Lernen zielt im Bereich der Lehrer- und Lehrerinnenbildung auf die Förderung professionellen Lernens durch die Förderung von Forschungsorientierung ab. Im Zuge der im Beitrag präsentierten Längsschnittstudie wurde eruiert, inwieweit die mehrmalige Durchführung von Praxisforschung im Bachelorstudium Primarstufe Effekte auf Lernergebnisse...

While the objective level of intelligence is not associated with narcissism, relations to self-assessed intelligence (SAI) have been repeatedly reported. Existing research suggests that different facets of narcissism may have different associations with SAI. In the current daily diary study ( N = 176; N = 3975 total observations), we employed dynam...

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen mündlicher Sprachkompetenz und dem Leseverständnis auf der Wort- und Satzebene im Deutschen bei Kindern mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) in der Grundschule. Während bisherige Studien die Rolle des Wortschatzes und/oder morpho-syntaktischer Teilkompetenzen als isolierte Kompetenzen u...

Although procedural knowledge has lost importance in mathematics education in recent decades in favour of conceptual knowledge and deeper understanding of mathematical concepts, basic operational skills are often required in tertiary educational institutions. In Austria, this has led to the establishment of a section of the school-leaving exam from...

Transitioning to digital teaching and learning formats has challenged universities since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents first results of an ongoing Austrian longitudinal study in initial teacher education focusing on student engagement. Dimensions of a framework model of student engagement are examined in relation to bur...

Interactions with classroom friends may be an important contributor to first and second language development, but to date this hypothesis has not been tested. Using a longitudinal design, the current study investigated the relationship between classroom friendships and oral language development in children. In 8 classrooms, we assessed the relation...

Im diesem Beitrag wird mit der theoretischen Begründung und Präsentation des Konzepts PPS-PR eine konkrete, das hochschuldidaktisches Prinzip „Lernen durch eigenes Forschen“ (Mieg, 2017, S. 15) aufgreifende Lernumgebung argumentiert und dargestellt. Eine wesentliche Begründungslinie, Forschendes Lernen in Lehrer*innenbildung zu implementieren, bes...

Der wissenschaftliche Diskurs um „Professionalität und Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen“ hat sich in den letzten Jahren weiter ausdifferenziert. Vor diesem Hintergrund gibt der Band einleitend einen Einblick in die Pluralität professionstheoretischer Ansätze, in die Vielfalt von methodischen Zugangsweisen und in das Spektrum beforschter Inhalt...

The relationships between self-report loneliness and the four humor styles of affiliative, aggressive, self-defeating, and self-enhancing were investigated in 15 countries (N = 4,701). Because loneliness has been suggested to be both commonly experienced and detrimental, we examine if there are similar patterns between humor styles, gender, and age...

The worldwide imposed lockdowns forced schools and universities to digitise conventional teaching in a very short time and to convert teaching and learning formats partially or completely to Distance Learning. The changes in everyday teaching brought by Distance Learning were felt worldwide. With 22 double blind peerreviewed articles of researchers...

Preface to Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic’s Distance Learning on Students and Teachers in Schools and in Higher Education – International Perspective. The whole book can be found here (Open Access): https://doi.org/10.56560/isbn.978-3-7011-0496-3

Praxisforschung ist ein Ansatz Forschenden Lernens in der Lehrerbildung (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 2009; Fichten & Meyer, 2014), der auf die Förderung professionellen Lernens durch Forschungsorientierung abzielt (Hofer, 2013). Der Beitrag präsentiert Resultate einer Längsschnittstudie im Mixed-Methods-Design über Motive Studierender für die Wahl von F...

Im anglo-amerikanischen Sprachraum wird Student Engagement bereits seit den 1990ern beforscht und findet nunmehr im deutschen Hochschulraum Einzug. Dieses multidimensionale Konstrukt setzt sich aus kognitiven, emotionalen und affektiven Faktoren zusammen. Student Engagement geht beispielsweise mit verringertem Studienabbruch, fokussierter Zielorien...

The project Teachers’ Education, Development and Career in Austria (TEDCA) combines four longitudinal studies, some of which have been ongoing for more than three decades. The purpose of this project is to investigate teachers’ biographies – from choosing a course of study and training, through the years in the profession, and up to career decision...

Feedback may be given to teachers about how well they teach. Such feedback can inform teachers and stimulate professional development. The feedback is often based on student ratings of teaching quality. A teacher’s true value of their teaching quality can be estimated, for example, by the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimate or the Expected A Posterior...

Zusammenfassung Forschendes Lernen hat sich als hochschuldidaktisches Konzept nicht nur in Deutschland als eine Möglichkeit etabliert, um der Forderung nach mehr Forschungsorientierung in der Lehrer*innenbildung nachzukommen. Die hohen Erwartungen werden jedoch nur teilweise durch Forschungsbefunde gestützt. Die vorliegende Studie fragt daher danac...

Forschendes Lernen als hochschuldidaktisches Prinzip der Lehrer*innenbildung intendiert die Förderung von Professionalisierung durch Forschungsorientierung. Das Konzept „Personalisierte Professionalisierung im Praktikum durch Practitioner Research“ (PPS-PR) zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass Studierende in ihren Praktika zu subjektiv relevanten Schwer...

Zusammenfassung. Studienplätze werden im deutschsprachigen Raum nach unterschiedlichen Kriterien vergeben, beispielsweise auf Basis schulischer Abschlussnoten oder Ergebnissen psychologischer Diagnostica, die eine Selbstselektion bewirken oder zur Fremdselektion eingesetzt werden. Die Studie vergleicht Möglichkeiten der Selektion und deren Validitä...

Practitioner research is an approach of research based learning aiming at enhancing professional learning through research orientation. According to the principles of this approach, it is vital that student teachers can choose their own research topic. Doing so bestows the research topic with subjective relevance to student teachers and thus not on...

Croon and van Veldhoven discussed a model for analyzing micro–macro multilevel designs in which a variable measured at the upper level is predicted by an explanatory variable that is measured at the lower level. Additionally, the authors proposed an approach for estimating this model. In their approach, estimation is carried out by running a regres...

Myths about creativity keep contributing to its mysterious aura despite our increasing scientific understanding of this complex phenomenon. This study examined the prevalence of known creativity myths across six countries from diverse cultural backgrounds and explored why some people believe in them more than others. Results revealed persistent, wi...

The present study examines the question of whether certain humor styles predict self-esteem. Men and women in 15 countries (NTOTAL = 4,701) completed self-report measures assessing self-esteem and the four humor styles of affiliative, aggressive, self-defeating, and self-enhancing. Each of the country samples had self-esteem averages at or above th...

Attitudes toward multiculturalism in educational contexts – i.e., multicultural attitudes – are desirable qualities for good teaching practices. Unfortunately, little is known about the antecedents of prospective teachers’ multicultural attitudes. Before this backdrop, we argue that prospective teachers’ multicultural ideology, national pride, and...

Background. This was the first study aiming to develop a theory-based model to analyze the relation between conscientiousness and impaired physical health as well as between conscientiousness and subjective health-related well-being within a large clinical sample with depressive symptomatology. In addition, a mediating effect of health risk behavio...

Kontext Die Bildungsreformen der letzten Jahre brachten für die Schulen durch die Gewährung von Teilautonomie und das Auferlegen von Rechenschaftspflicht eine „doppelte“ Verantwortung. Dadurch haben sich auch die Aufgaben von Schulleitungen stark verändert (Altrichter et al., 2016): SchulleiterInnen übernehmen Managementaufgaben und sind angehalten...

Practitioner research as one approach of research-based learning in teacher education aims at the enhancement of student teachers’ professional learning and research orientation. As current research does not provide sufficiently detailed and generalisable findings about the effects of internship integrated practitioner research, the present mixed-m...

Ausgangspunkt dieses Beitrags sind Diskussionen um die Belastbarkeit empirischer Befunde in benachbarten Disziplinen, namentlich der Sozialpsychologie, die in der sog. „Replication Crisis“ gipfelten. Von derartigen Diskussionen um Replikationen und „Questionable Research Practices“ ist die Bildungsforschung bisher noch nicht in dem Maße betroffen,...

Die verordnete Umstellung aufgrund von COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 im Sommersemester 2019/20 der gesamten Hochschullehre auf Online-Lehre bot die einzigartige Möglichkeit die Online-Lehre in der Lehramtsausbildung zu beforschen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, Empfehlungen für Online-Lehre im Lehramt abgeben zu können. Deshalb haben wir förderlich/hin...

To identify faking, bifactor models were applied to Big Five personality data in three studies of laboratory and applicant samples using within‐subjects designs. The models were applied to homogenous data sets from separate honest, instructed faking, applicant conditions, and to simulated applicant data sets containing random individual responses f...

Peer-Reviewed Publication: https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-020-00283-2 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Abstract: Die verordnete Umstellung aufgrund von COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 im Sommersemester 2019/20 der gesamten Hochschullehre auf Online-Lehre bot die einzigartige Möglichkeit die Online-Lehre in der Lehram...

The differentiation of personality by intelligence hypothesis suggests that there will be greater individual differences in personality traits for those individuals who are more intelligent. Conversely, less intelligent individuals will be more similar to each other in their personality traits. The hypothesis was tested with a large sample of manag...

International Forum for Education: As there is increasing diversity in contemporary societies there is also more emphasis on heterogeneity in educational institutions. In this way, internationalisation has become a core task for Higher Education Institutions. Teacher training courses specifically designed to address student mobility suggest that s...

Responses to a measure of the four humor styles of affiliative, aggressive, self-enhancing, and self-defeating from the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ; Martin et al. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(1), 48–75, 2003) were collected from individuals (N = 8361) in 28 countries encompassing 21 different languages. The purpose of this global coll...

Es wird eine Längsschnittstudie vorgestellt, in der zwei Kohorten von Studierenden vom Aufnahmeverfahren beginnend über den Verlauf des Studiums bis in den Beruf begleitet werden. Über jeweils fünf Jahre hinweg sollen Studienerfolg und Praxiserfahrungen erhoben und in Beziehung zu den Ergebnissen des Aufnahmeverfahrens gesetzt werden. In diesem Bei...

Th is article draws upon fi ndings from research on the eff ects of gaming, educational psychology , teacher professionalism as well as school improvement, to develop a framework for linking video game activities to formal education. Th is framework uses video game achievements: virtual trophies received for completing tasks or mastering challenges...

journal für lehrerInnenbildung: Der Weg in den Lehrerberuf führt über die reguläre Lehramtsausbildung an Universitäten und/oder Pädagogischen Hochschulen oder über alternative Zugänge, wie zum Beispiel Quereinstiegsprogramme. Der vorliegende Beitrag greift zuerst die Rolle der Ausbildung für den Weg in den Lehrerberuf auf. Danach wird kritisch hint...

Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung (in press): Der Transfer von neurowissenschaftlichen Befunden in die schulische Praxis wurde begleitet von der Entstehung von Fehlkonzepten über das menschliche Gehirn, sogenannte Neuromythen. Neuromythen sind unter Lehrkräften weltweit verbreitet. Unklar ist, ob Neuromythen bereits zu Beginn des Lehramtsstudiums b...

Es wird eine Längsschnittstudie vorgestellt, in der zwei Kohorten von Studierenden vom Aufnahmeverfahren beginnend über den Verlauf des Studiums bis in den Beruf begleitet werden. Über jeweils fünf Jahre hinweg sollen Studienerfolg und Praxiserfahrungen erhoben und in Beziehung zu den Ergebnissen des Aufnahmeverfahrens gesetzt werden. In diesem Bei...

Comparing self-perceived quality of teaching to students' perception can be used in higher education to improve the quality of teaching of pre-service teachers in teacher education. However, comparing these measurements from different perspectives is only meaningful if the same constructs are being measured. To shed light on this comparison's meani...

Der Hochschulbereich befindet sich in einem grundlegenden Wandel, der zu massiven Anpassungen der Institutionen geführt hat (Rhein, 2015). In Österreich wurde die Lehramtsausbildung kürzlich reformiert, sodass nun alle Studien mit Masterlevel abschließen. Die Professionalisierung von Hochschullehrenden ist zu einem wesentlichen Bereich für Hochschu...

Attitudes and values guide human actions and are seen as fundamental prerequisites of competences (Erpenbeck & Sauter, 2018). Therefore, attitudes and values also underpin and guide academic teaching. Among academic teachers, teacher educators are in a special position: Teacher educators act as role models for teaching for their students and play...

The Andersen LRT uses sample characteristics as split criteria to evaluate Rasch model fit, or theory driven hypothesis testing for a test. This simulation study is the first to evaluate power and Type I error of a random split criterion. Results consistently show that a random split criterion lacks power.

The nature of the general factor of personality (GFP) under faking (good and bad) conditions is examined across four independent archival samples. In each sample, participants were randomly assigned to complete a personality measure under honest, fake-bad, or fake-good instructions. The factor structure of the GFP was examined for each condition an...

What happens to the General Factor of Personality (GFP) when extracted under different test-taking instructions such as to fake-good? This study investigates the nature of the GFP across two different samples of students, each having completed a different personality measure, and under different test-taking instructions. Specifically, participants...

Der Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Überprüfung eines standardisierten Lehrveranstaltungskonzepts zur Klassenführung im Lehramtsstudium. Das 15 Lehreinheiten und vier Module umfassende Konzept soll Studierenden deklaratives und konditional-prozedurales Wissen zur Klassenführung vermitteln. Dabei steht im Fokus, dass Studierende di...

This paper investigates the importance of implementation level for the effectiveness of the school-based life skills program Lions Quest in a sample of Austrian students (N= 363 from three schools; aged 9-15 at T1). A quasi-experimental pre/post test design with intervention and control group over two years was used. The effects of low, average, an...

The Andersen LRT uses sample characteristics as split criteria to evaluate Rasch model fit, or theory driven hypothesis testing for a test. This simulation study is the first to evaluate power and Type I error of a random split criterion. Results consistently show that a random split criterion lacks power.

Teacher education has an important responsibility to safeguard the public from incompetent teachers. This places a heavy burden on teacher educators, as not all aspiring teachers are equally suited for the profession, with some requiring more extensive training than others. This raises the question if everyone can be educated to be a good teacher....

Aim of this publication-based dissertation was to scrutinize the use of personality measures for selection decisions. This was done in three studies examining personality measures used for selection decisions to teacher education. First, Study 1 evaluated the predictive utility of personality measures for differentiated facets of academic achieveme...

Studien zu Persönlichkeitsinventaren für Selektionsentscheidungen können häufig keine Daten aus tatsächlichen Bewerbungssituationen verwenden. Stattdessen werden aufgenommene Personen gebeten Persönlichkeitsinventare wie zur Bewerbungssituation zu bearbeiten. Dies ist theoretisch und empirisch problematisch: theoretisch, da Theorien zum Antwortverh...

Die Idee Neuer Steuerung, die den Prinzipien Eigenverantwortung und Rechenschaftslegung folgt, verändert die Rahmenbedingungen professionellen schulischen Handelns in einer Weise, dass sich grundsätzlicher die Frage nach Voraussetzungen und Bedingungen für die Besetzung von Leitungsstellen stellt. Die in den nächsten Jahren anstehende Pensionierung...

Zahlen erscheinen uns als eine Entität, das dekadische Stellenwertsystem zu verstehen und mit Zahlen zu operieren ist jedoch ein hochkomplexes Kognitionskonstrukt mit unterschiedlichsten Einflussparametern. In den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten hat die Entwicklungs- und Neuropsychologie unser Verständnis zur Verarbeitung von Zahlen sowie der damit verbun...

https://journal.ph-noe.ac.at/index.php/resource/article/view/437: Die allgemein beruflichen und berufsspezifischen Interessen zählen zu jenen Personmerkmalen, die die pädagogische Handlungsfähigkeit von Unterrichtenden maßgeblich beeinflussen. Lehrkräfte an Berufsschulen sind in Österreich zu Beginn ihrer Lehrtätigkeit meist „Quereinsteiger/innen“....

Academic teaching is a core quality indicator for higher education institutions in general. University colleges of teacher training, being responsible for initial and further teacher training, play a specific role in this context. Teaching and learning is not only focussed on subject matters, but also on didactics. Student-teachers are taught how t...

Einleitung Erasmus ist eines der erfolgreichsten Mobilitäts- und Bildungsprogramme weltweit. Auch die Bildungspolitik verlangt stetig höhere Mobilitätszahlen in der PädagogInnenbildung (European Higher Education Area (EHEA), 2015). Durch Mobilitäten sollen Studierende in ihrer Persönlichkeit gefördert werden (European Union, 2014). Bisher gibt es l...

Wirksame und praxistaugliche Lebenskompetenzprogramme rückten in den letzten Jahren immer mehr in den Fokus von Forschung und Schulpraxis. Sie können unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen Potenziale auf individueller als auch Klassen- und Schulebene entfalten. In einer Längsschnittstudie wurde das Lions-Quest Programm Erwachsen werden im Praxisfeld von...

Aim of this publication-based dissertation was to scrutinize the use of personality measures for selection decisions. This was done in three studies examining personality measures used for selection decisions to teacher education. First, Study 1 evaluated the predictive utility of personality measures for differentiated facets of academic achieveme...

This study examines the stability of the response process and the rank-order of respondents responding to three personality scales in four different response conditions. Applicants to the University College of Teacher Education Styria (N=243) completed personality scales as part of their college admission process. Half a year later, they retook the...