
Georg AchleitnerAustrian Power Grid AG · Asset Substations
Georg Achleitner
Doctor of Engineering
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72
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286
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Citations since 2017
Publications
Publications (72)
In high voltage substations different switching devices (circuit breaker, earthing switch, load switches) are installed to perform switching operations. These switching devices are equipped with electric motors, which are supplied by the DC power supply from the substation (battery). During the switching operation of any switching device a change o...
Die in Hochspannungsanlagen installierten Schaltgeräte (Leistungsschalter, Lasttrenner oder Erdungstrenner) stellen kri-tische Elemente dar. Diese Schaltgeräte übernehmen die Aufgaben elektrische Betriebsmittel ein- bzw. auszuschalten, Anlagenteile zu erden und den Schaltzustand zu ändern. Die Schaltgeräte sind mit Motorantrieben ausgestattet, welc...
Zur Steuerung der Blindleistung in Hochspannungsnetzen werden Kompensationsdrosselspulen eingesetzt. In Abhängig-keit der Netzsituation werden die Drosselspulen täglich öfters ein- und ausgeschaltet. Durch die Schalthandlungen beim Abschalten der Drosseln treten hohe Spannungen auf und Beanspruchen die installierten elektrischen Komponenten in Hoch...
Neue Technologien in der Halbleitertechnik (SIC, GAN) lassen unsere Wechselrichter immer effizienter werden. Dies erreicht man durch höhere Schaltfrequenzen bis in den Megaherzbereich. Durch diese Schaltfrequenzen entstehen aber Welligkeiten im Stromverlauf in eben diesem Frequenzbereich, welche sich in den Verteilnetzen nachweisen lassen und deren...
Künstliche Intelligenz ist im Energieversorgungsbereich angekommen. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie KI-Methoden zur Erkennung von fehlerhaften Schalthandlungen in Umspannwerken genutzt werden können. Zentrale Erfassungseinheiten, welche die gesamte Umspannwerksinfrastruktur überwachen, erkennen Schalthandlungen und entscheiden mit KI und vorher trainierten...
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), a result of solar wind interaction with the Earth’s magnetic field and the resistive ground, are known to flow in power transmission grids, where they can lead to transformer damage and grid operation problems. In this study we present an analysis of five years of continuous GIC measurements in transformer n...
Zusammenfassung
Der Übertragungsnetzbetreiber spielt eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Aufrechterhaltung der Versorgungssicherheit. Zum einen hat er für den sicheren Netz- und Systembetrieb zu sorgen, zum anderen wird ihm zunehmend – insbesondere durch das Clean Energy Package – die Verantwortung zur Beurteilung der künftigen Lastdeckungsmöglichkeiten...
Current research activity in the field of low frequeny transformer neutral point currents in the Austrian transmission grid.
Low frequency currents (LFC) or quasi DC (QDC) in the electrical power transmission network, and especially in power transformers, are causing negative effects such as increase in noise level, in reactive power consumption and in power losses. Currently no classification of LFC is available to identify possible source. In order to identify the orig...
Leitfähige geerdete elektrische Energieübertragungsnetze bieten einen niederohmigen Pfad für im Boden induzierte Ströme. Regionen in hohen Breitengraden oder solche mit geringer Erdleitfähigkeit sind besonders von geomagnetisch induzierten Strömen (GICs) betroffen, die durch Weltraumwetterereignisse verursacht werden können. Induzierte Ströme könne...
The current and future research related to speace weather and geomagnetically induced currents in Austria.
Conductive grounded electrical power transmission networks offer a low resistance path for currents induced in the ground. High latitude regions or those with low earth conductivity are especially affected by geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), which are caused by space weather events. Induced currents can cause damages of assets or system out...
Due to today´s increased demands on grid operation management, new methods for earth fault localization and detection are needed. The fault localization should be performed as quickly as possible and under the condition, that the fault current at the fault location will not be significantly increased. The pros and cons of Distance Protection in sol...
Transmission system operators are responsible for security and reliability of their grid. An important topic is the analysis of possible risks for the transmission system network. The paper presents actual results about geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the Austrian transmission system. Because of problems with unexpected noise at some tran...
Space weather events can cause geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power transmission networks. Over the past years, these currents have been measured in multiple substations in Austria, and the measurements have been tested against a model of local GIC with the aim of producing an optimized model, which can be developed through evaluation o...
In Höchstspannungsnetzen treten – bedingt durch die starre Erdung – kräftige Fehlerströme auf, welche durch einpolige Schutzauslösung unterbrochen und anschließend automatisch wieder zugeschaltet werden. Während der einpoligen Unterbrechung erfolgt der Energietransport über parallele Leitungssysteme, in denen sich durch die Unsymmetrie ein Gegen- u...
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power systems, which can lead to
transformer damage over the short and the long term, are a result of space
weather events and geomagnetic variations. For a long time, only high-latitude areas were considered to be at risk from these currents, but recent
studies show that considerable GICs also appear in m...
Das Auftreten von Gleichströmen ist ein bekanntes Phänomen in Wechselspannungsnetzen, tritt jedoch in Übertra-gungsnetzen sehr selten auf. Diese Gleichströme bzw. extrem niederfrequenten Wechselströme, welche unter anderem aus der geomagnetischen Feldvariation resultieren können(geomagnetisch induzierte Ströme, GIC), sind in den nordi-schen Ländern...
Erdschluss kompensierte Netze erhöhen die Versorgungszuverlässigkeit ohne Beeinträchtigung des Netzbetriebes, weil ein Großteil der Erdschlüsse von selbst verlischt. Der Betrieb ist während eines Erdschlusses möglich, jedoch müssen Maßnahmen zur Fehlersuche ehestens getroffen werden. Eine Form der Erdschlusssuche ist die Erdschlussdistanzortung, we...
Gleichspannungsnetze finden in zahlreichen Gebieten, wie beispielsweise, in der Energietechnik, in der Verkehrstech-nik sowie in Bereichen mit hohen Anforderungen an die Versorgungssicherheit oder an den Personenschutz, Anwen-dung. Aufgrund der speziellen Eigenschaften von Gleichspannungsnetzen können einige der bei den Wechselspannungsnetzen üblic...
Transmission system operators are responsible for security and reliability of their grid. An important topic is the analysis of possible risks for the transmission system network. Because of problems with unexpected noise at some transformers, investigations were started, which gave an indication that DC could be the source of this noise. The paper...
The invention relates to a method for centrally monitoring the correct sequence of changes in state of a number of components for high-voltage systems from 1 kV upwards, each component to be monitored being set up to switch between at least two states, each component to be monitored being equipped with an electric drive for changing the state is as...
Transmission system operators are responsible for secure and reliable operation of their grids. An important topic is the analysis of possible risks for the transmission system network and the system equipment.
Austria is one of the European countries with relatively high lightning activity [1] and lightning is a main cause of transmission line outages. In this presentation we have analyzed in detail lightning caused outages in the grid of the Austrian transmission system operator Austrian Power Grid (APG). 222 outage related lightning flashes were identi...
Power transformers are important electrical and sensitive equipment in the energy transmission and distribution system. Three phase three winding transformers are used to connect different high voltage levels and the third winding fulfils the task, to control the voltage level and for current compensation. Capacitor banks or shunt reactors can be c...
Neutral point treatment is a very important topic for protection and network operation. For different reasons 400-kV AC-power networks are operated with direct grounding of the neutral point. One major part of electrical networks are transformers. In transmission systems, usually at least one transformer per substation is operated with direct groun...
Isolated networks are common practice for operating small high voltage networks. The reason for choosing this type of network are the saving of the arc suppressing coils by coexistence of a self-healing grind in case of an earth fault During the starting up of an isolated network several unexpected voltage oscillation phenomena were detected and me...
The low frequent electromagnetic mutual coupling of electric high voltage lines leads to a variety of effects in the planning and the operation of such an electrical circuit and their impact onto other line circuits (e.g. telecommunication and signal lines). The authors present a new method for calculating the interference phenomena between inducti...
The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for locating insulation faults against earth (or for locating branches in the event of insulation faults to earth) in DC voltage networks, in which the voltage of a DC voltage source is connected to two supply conductors of the DC network having at least two branches and a method for detecting insulati...
Isolated networks are common practice for operating high voltage networks up to a small earth fault current defined by standards. The reason for choosing this type of network are the saving of the arc suppressing coils by coexistence of a self-healing grid in case of an earth fault. During the starting up of a 110-kV-isolated network long-time meas...
In this paper the authors present measurements, calculations and results of the optimization of transposition schemes and phase configurations of transmission lines in a region in Austria regarding inductively coupled transmission lines. Different development states of the power circuit and variants under economic and realizable practical condition...
In this paper the authors present an interesting method for mobile earth fault localization in resonant grounded grids. The method is based on an additional current injection with a non-grid-frequency current and detection with magnetic-field sensors in close vicinity of the line. The advantage of the presented method is that a mobile earth fault l...
One of the major problems in determining the duration of a single-pole earth fault in compensated networks is to detect the moment of arc extinction. Currently this problem is solved by analysing the time course of the displacement voltage and identifying the moment when the amplitude is rising above or falling below a certain critical value. Howev...
www.oebb.at/kraftwerke Kurzfassung [1] : Netze zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie, wie Mittel-und Hochspannungs-netze bis einschließlich 110-kV werden im mitteleuropäischen Raum und in weiteren europäischen Ländern mit tendenziell steigender Anzahl mittels Erdschlusskompensation betrieben. Diese Form der Sternpunktbehandlung in elektrischen Netzen...
Kurzfassung Weitbereichsmesssysteme (WAMS) bieten die Möglichkeit, schnelle Vorgänge in Netzen zu überwachen, Probleme zu erkennen und Maßnahmen zu setzen. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden Untersuchungen zur Koordination von Weitbereichsschutz und lokalen Schutzgeräten präsentiert. Der Bereich der Reaktionszeit eines Weitbereichsschutzsystems befi...
Electrical energy must be transported from the generator to the consumer load in electrical grids. These grids consist of electrical power lines. In praxis high voltage power lines of different grids will often be situated close to each other. In this case electrical coupling effects between the lines will appear. This coupling effects leads to int...
In recent years power system companies are trying to save money and improve their capabilities or convenience by using consumer network technology in their ICT networks for maintaining and monitoring power systems.
In earth fault compensated networks the basically capacitive earth fault current is counterbalanced by the injection of an inductive current through the arc suppression coils in such a way, that for most overhead line faults these arcs extinguish without the necessity of disconnecting the faulty grid section. Therefore these grids can be classified...
Earth fault distance protection with distance protection relays is common practice in solidly grounded networks. However, in compensated networks earth faults can cause big problems, because they do not extinguish themselves. To find the fault point is from high interest also in combination with network expansion [9].
Dezentrale Anlagen, die in ein Netz einspeisen, stellen bei Einhaltung der geltenden Vorschriften und Normen besondere Herausforderungen
an die Schutztechnik. Aus Krisenüberlegungen und Energieeffizienzbestrebungen werden derzeit autonome Inseln zur Versorgung
mit elektrischer Energie als Option zur Versorgung der Allgemeinbevölkerung überlegt. Die...
In this paper the calculation of neutral to earth voltages in compensated high voltage networks influenced by cross coupling is shown. Especially itpsilas shown how to calculate the line parameters (line to line and line to earth capacitances) which are necessary for further investigations in the network analyses. Furthermore the optimization (decr...
Earth fault distance protection with distance protection relays is common practice in solidly grounded networks. However, in compensated networks earth faults can cause big problems, because they do not extinguish themselves. To find the fault point is from high interest also in combination with network expansion [9]. In previous investigations the...
Earth fault compensated networks improve power reliability, due to the reason that most of the earth faults extinguish without interferences of the grid operation, thus allowing uninterrupted power supply during the fault situation. However, this type of neutral treatment implicates problems in the localization of earth faults. Up to now distance p...
Earth fault compensated networks improve power reliability, due to the reason that most of the earth faults extinguish without interferences to the grid operation, thus allowing uninterrupted power supply during the fault situation. However, this type of neutral treatment implicates problems in the localization of earth faults. Finding the fault po...
KURZFASSUNG: Erdschluss kompensierte Netze erhöhen die Versorgungszuverlässigkeit ohne Beeinträchtigung des Netzbetriebes weil ein Großteil der Erdschlüsse von selbst verlischt. Der Betrieb ist während eines Erdschlusses möglich, jedoch müssen Maßnahmen zur Fehlersuche ehestens getroffen werden. Eine Form der Erdschlusssuche ist die Erdschlussdista...
In Netzen werden für die Ortung und Abschaltung der häufigen Phase-Erde-Fehler
verschiedene Sternpunkterdungen abhängig von der Netzgröße, Stationsausrüstung, usw.
angewendet.
In Hoch- und Höchstspannungsnetzen, aber auch Niederspannungsnetzen finden
überwiegend die starre oder niederohmige Sternpunkterdung Anwendung, während
Mittelspannungsnetze v...
43 (0)316 873 7551, lothar.fickert@tugraz.at, www.ifea.tugraz.at Kurzfassung: Bei der Analyse von Microgrids bzw. Smart Grids steht bisher die Gestaltung des Lastflusses unter massiver Verwendung informationstechnischer Einrichtungen im Vordergrund, wobei auch hier die Erhöhung der Versorgungssicherheit durch die Möglichkeit einer mit netztechnisch...
For loss reduction In distributed networks a multiplicity of possibilities exist. The use of cables instead of overhead lines as well as larger diameters of the lines lower the arising losses in distribution networks. Likewise a more even load profile leads to a reduction of losses, so that in the consequence primary energy, costs and CO<sub>2</sub...
Substantial gaps in the used electrical protection concepts which lead to expensive damages are often causes for major failures. A majority of the failures are caused by earth faults, which can not only damage the decentralized wind power plant but also harm people. An effective electrical protection concept is an effective instrument to risk avoid...
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Schutz einer dezentralen Einspeiseanlage, bei welcher zumindest ein Generator über einen Leistungsschalter, ein Kraftwerknetz, einen Transformator und eine Sicherung in ein übergeordnetes Netz elektrische Energie einspeisen kann.
Ebenso bezieht sich die Erfindung auf eine dezentrale Einspeiseanlage m...
In this paper a new approach for Innovative Neutral Point Treatment in Compensated Networks is presented. Additionally a well known general mathematical solution for fault location is presented and the usability of this method for detection of earth faults in compensated networks is shown. The innovative principle consists in the combined use of ad...
Ein Verfahren zum Lokalisieren eines mit einem Erdschluss behafteten Leitungsabschnittes (FBA) in einem verzweigten Stromnetz (MSN), bei welchem ein von einem Erdschluss betroffener Zweig (ZW3) des Netzes abgeschaltet wird, stromab der Abschaltstelle (ABS) in dem Zweig eine Messstelle (MS1) gewählt wird, an dieser Messstelle in einen erdschlussbeha...
The method involves measuring and monitoring current and voltage constantly at a measuring point in a phase. Distance to an earth fault is calculated based on the measured phase voltage at the measuring point under consideration of earth impedance at the measuring point and at a fault location. The distance is calculated during exceeding of a given...
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Methode zur Berechnung der Kabelreserve in oberschwingungsbehafteten gel?schten Netzen entwickelt. Durch Netzerweiterungen und vermehrten Einsatz von Kabeln steigen die Erdschlussstr?me, so dass Probleme mit der Einhaltung der zul?ssigen Grenzen des Erdschlussreststroms entstehen. Die auftretenden Oberschwingungssp...
Die Erfassung der Leitungsimpedanzen in Form der symmetrischen Komponenten Mit-, Gegen- und Nullimpedanz war schon immer eine wichtige Voraussetzung f?r die richtige Einstellung der Leitungsschutzger?te sowie zur korrekten Lastflussberechnung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die mathematischen Grundlagen zur Impedanzmessung dargelegt. Weiters wer...
Forced use of cables in earth fault compensated networks increases the capacitances to ground in the grid so that the capacitive ground fault current ICE increases, which causes problems concerning arc extinction. The ground fault current (limited to 132 A due to standards in Austria) depends on detuning, damping, unbalance, harmonics, saturation,...
Earth fault compensated networks improve power reliability, due to the reason that most of the earth faults extinguish without interferences of the grid operation, thus allowing uninterrupted power supply during the fault situation. However, this type of neutral treatment implicates problems in localization of earth faults. In this paper a new meth...
After several damage experiences, protection concepts of wind energy plants (WEP) have to be reconsidered. Causes for fires are often substantial gaps in the used electrical protection concepts. An effective electrical protection concept is an effective instrument to risk avoidance and thus to the preventing overheating or destruction by fire. A su...
The following paper reviews the previous and current progresses in the field of e-learning at the Institute of Electrical Power Systems (IFEA) of the University of Technology Graz/Austria (TU Graz). A brand new e-learning course system - the ABC-system that follows international experiences in the field of e-Learning - is presented. It recommends a...