Geert Booij

Leiden University | LEI · Leiden University Centre for Linguistics

Op 22 februari 2023 promoveerde mw. Okabe op deze studie tot doctor aan de Leidse universiteit. Zij studeerde Duits in Tokio, en werd daarna Ph.D. student aan het Leiden University Center of Linguistics. In haar proefschrift onderzoekt zij de historische ontwikkeling van de constructie met de werkwoorden van lichaamshouding zitten, staan, en liggen...

This bibliography lists publications in which concepts of Construction Morphology are discussed and/or used in the descripton of specific languages.

In present-day Frisian there is an ongoing change in the inflection of verbs. Frisian has two classes of regular verbs (class I and class II), and for some speakers of Frisian some verbs or verb forms appear to shift from class II to class I. In her 2021 dissertation Changes in Modern Frisian inflection Anne Merkuur presents an empirical investigat...

What is inflection? Is it part of language morphology, syntax or both? What are the basic units of inflection and how do speakers acquire and process them? How do they vary across languages? Are some inflection systems somewhat more complex than others, and does inflectional complexity affect the way speakers process words? This chapter addresses t...

Cambridge Core - European Language and Linguistics - The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics - edited by Michael T. Putnam

This volume provides a detailed and comprehensive description of the morphological system of Dutch. Following an introduction to the basic assumptions of morphological theory, separate chapters are devoted to the inflectional system, derivation, and compounding, the interface between morphology and phonology, the interaction between morphology and...

This book is the first fully-fledged description of the morphological system of Dutch in English. Inflection, derivation, and compounding are each discussed in separate chapters, following a short exposé on the basic assumptions of morphological theory. The interaction of morphology with phonology and syntax is dealt with subsequently. The chapters...

Complex lexical units

Output-oriented, constructional schemas should be used for stating regularities that are not productive. These schemas have a motivational function only. We show that words may be partially motivated even when they lack a base word. Moreover, they can be motivated by more than one schema. This applies to the huge set of Dutch verbs in -elen. Verbs...

In Construction Morphology, morphological patterns are expressed by constructional schemas that motivate properties of existing complex words, and state how new complex words can be formed. This article briefly summarizes a number of theoretical assumptions of Construction Morphology, and how they play a role in the various contributions to this vo...

Word formation in Germanic languages takes mainly place by means of compounding and affixation. Compounds are usually right-headed, and there is often a linking element in NN-compounds that derives historically from a case ending. In addition to endocentric compounds there are also copulative compounds. Compounding also takes place with roots of Gr...

Word formation in Germanic languages takes mainly place by means of compounding and affixation. Compounds are usually right-headed, and there is often a linking element in N+N-compounds that derives historically from a case ending. In addition to endocentric compounds there are also copulative compounds. Compounding also takes place with roots of G...

German, Dutch and English have surprisingly large sets of verbal diminutives: verbs ending in -el/-le and carrying an attenuative and/or iterative meaning. These verbs exhibit particular properties that make them interesting for morphological theory. Focussing on Dutch data, this paper sketches the challenges that arise with respect to structure, p...

The basic question to be addressed in this chapter is: what is the status of the notions ‘inheritance’ and ‘default inheritance’ in the theoretical framework of Construction Morphology (CM)? This framework, developed in Booij (2010), assumes a hierarchical lexicon with both abstract morphological schemas and stored complex words that instantiate th...

Coercion is a much-discussed topic in the linguistic literature. This article expands the usual range of cases at the most subtle and the extreme end: it demonstrates how coercion extends into semantic flexibility on the one hand and into idiomaticity on the other. After discussing a broad variety of coercion cases in syntax and morphology and brie...

Constructions can be formalized as schemas that specify semantic and formal output properties. Such schemas impose these output properties on their constituent words through various coercion mechanisms. In this article we focus on coercion-by-override and the concomitant category change. The constructional meaning of a syntactic or morphological co...

Taalportaal. A new scientific grammar of Dutch and Frisian (and Afrikaans) We describe the Taalportaal, a new comprehensive on-line scientific grammar of Dutch and Frisian.

Heinz J. Giegerich , Lexical structures: Compounding and the modules of grammar (Edinburgh Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 1). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015. Pp. viii + 142. ISBN 9780748624614. - Volume 20 Issue 2 - Geert Booij

The notion "construction" that plays a central role in construction grammar, is an indispensable notion for the analysis of word-formation patterns. In the study of word- formation, we investigate the systematic correspondences between form and meaning at the word level. Constructional schemas provide an adequate format for expressing these systema...

The event nominalizations of Dutch particle verbs and other types of separable complex verbs are not derivations from particle verbs, but compounds nouns, with a deverbal head preceded by a word that functions semantically as a modifier of the verbal base of the head noun. This structural analysis explains two empirical generalizations: (i) simplex...

This article presents a systematic exposition of how the basic ideas of Construction Grammar (CxG) (Goldberg, ) and the Parallel Architecture (PA) of grammar (Jackendoff, ) provide the framework for a proper account of morphological phenomena, in particular word formation. This framework is referred to as Construction Morphology (CxM). As to the im...

The author of this book has worked on the topic of the interplay of morphology and phonology since the beginning of her linguistic career. She has also taught this topic for many years in various forms, and it is therefore great that she has managed to finish a monograph on this topic, which, in line with the aims of the book series in which it has...

Morphology is the subdiscipline of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of words. The two subdomains of morphology are word formation and inflection. Languages can be classified according to the kind of morphology that they make use of. Morphological regularities are best expressed as schemas that generalize over sets of related compl...

Morphology is the study of the systematic relationship between the form and meaning of complex words. Therefore, it is a central task of morphology to provide a proper account of how the meanings of complex words are computed. One straightforward approach would be to assume that the computation of complex words is ruled by Fregean compositionality....

This volume is a collection of original contributions to the study of lexical allomorphy, with a focus on Optimality Theory’s distinctive take on this topic. The chapters provide an up-to-date perspective on the advances in our understanding of allomorphy which Optimality Theory has been able to secure (in comparison with rule-based Generative Phon...

This article motivates a usage–based account of morphological knowledge, and its place in the architecture of grammar. I–language, the abstract linguistic competence, and E–language, that is, actual language use, stand in a dialogic relationship. Morphology must be usage– based in order to understand the knowledge and creation of complex words. Con...

The rise of new derivational affixes can be analyzed adequately as a case of “constructionalization” within the framework of Construction Morphology as developed by Booij (2010). We review some aspects and problems of previous accounts that view the emergence of derivational affixes as a case of grammaticalization or as a case of lexicalization, re...

Japanese has a fairly large set of complex adjectives formed by combining a noun with the adjective nai 'null, empty'. The complex negative adjectives have the remarkable property that they allow nominative case marking to appear inside them optionally. We argue that these complex negative adjectives can be classified into three classes, and that t...

Morphology is the subdiscipline of linguistics that deals with the structure of words. The study of word structure comprises two domains: inflection and word formation. Inflection deals with the formal expression of morphosyntactic properties of words (such as number, case, and tense), whereas word formation concerns the ways in which words are mad...

Particle verbs (combinations of two words but lexical units) are a notorious problem in linguistics. Is a particle verb like look up one word or two? It has its own entry in dictionaries, as if it is one word, but look and up can be split up in a sentence: we can say He looked the information up and He looked up the information. But why can't we sa...

This book introduces the reader to the basic methods for the study of the internal structure of words, and to the theoretical issues raised by analyses of word structure concerning the organization of the grammars of natural languages. Data from more than sixty languages are used to illustrate these descriptive and theoretical issues. The book is s...

Word formation patterns can be seen as abstract schemas,that generalize over sets of existing com- plex words with a systematic,correlation between form and meaning. These schemas,also specify how new complex words can be created. For instance, the word formation process for deverbal nouns in -er in English and Dutch can be represented as follows (...

This chapter argues that there is no absolute boundary between analogy and abstract schemas in word formation. Patterns of compounding are captured by constructional schemas of various degrees of abstraction. The necessity of such subschemas is argued for on the basis of observations on semantic specialization, headedness variation, diachrony, and...

This study investigated the role of morphological structure in explaining pronunciation variation. The focus was on the Dutch derivational suffix-igheid (//), which occurs in two types of words. In the first type,-igheid is analyzed as a single suffix. In the second type, there is a morphological boundary between-ig and-heid. The main researc...

This paper deals with an important formal universal with respect to the interface of morphology and syntax, the Lexical Integrity Principle. This principle encompasses both non-interruptability and non-accessibility of word-internal structure. Non-interruptability is a defining property of canonical wordhood, and this part of Lexical Integrity is t...

Some types of phrases share the naming function with complex words. Hence both phrases and words can be lexical units stored in the lexicon. This article discusses how the functional equivalence between words and phrases can be accounted for without ignoring their formal differences. Such types of phrases can be characterized in terms of phrasal sc...

This chapter argues that there is no absolute boundary between analogy and abstract schemas in word formation. Patterns of compounding are captured by constructional schemas of various degrees of abstraction. The necessity of such subschemas is argued for on the basis of observations on semantic specialization, headedness variation, diachrony, and...

This chapter presents a constructional theory of compounding that makes use of some basic ideas of Construction Grammar, in particular constructional schemas, and the idea of a hierarchical lexicon (with multiple linking between words, and intermediate nodes between the most abstract schemas and the individual lexical items in order to express inte...

Gender is one of the most intriguing and problematic morpho-syntactic categories of natural languages. Generally, there is no simple correlation between the gender to which a noun belongs, and its semantic, morphological, or semantic properties. This is illustrated by the fact that dialects of Dutch may differ considerably in their classification o...

The division of labor between storage and computation in language behavior can be studied empirically in a number of ways, such as psycholinguistic experimentation and language change. Paul Kiparsky investigated phonological change as evidence for the structure of grammar. This chapter examines the extent to which phonological change provides evide...

In this paper, a comment on Kaisse's article on the role of phonology in English word formation, a range of phenomena is discussed that confirm Kaisse's conclusion that "the relation between word formation and phonology is complex." The article deals with a number of types of interaction between morphology and phonology, in particular prosodic dete...

This book introduces the reader to the basic methods for the study of the internal structure of words, and to the theoretical issues raised by analyses of word structure concerning the organization of the grammars of natural languages. Data from more than sixty languages are used to illustrate these descriptive and theoretical issues. The book is s...

In morphology, there is a functional distinction between inflection and derivation. Inflection denotes the set of morphological processes that spell out the set of word forms of a lexeme. The choice of the correct form of a lexeme is often dependent on syntactic context. Derivation denotes the set of morphological processes for the creation of new...

Gothic ga-, in origin a derivational verbal prefi x on a par with prefi xes like Modern Dutch ont-, be- and ver-, and the ancestor of Dutch and German ge-, shows the beginnings of a new use which was no longer derivational (altering the aktionsart of the verb) but infl ectional (perfective aspect). Postma (2002) notes that its Middle Dutch form, gh...

The interface between syntactic and morphological structures and their phonological correlates is an important part of the grammar of natural languages. In this book, a revised version of her dissertation defended in November 2001 at the University of Lisbon, Marina Vigário (henceforth V) investigates this interface with respect to European Portugu...

This article looks in some detail at the semantics of the affixes -er and -ee in English, at the affix -er in Dutch, and at the fact that Dutch seems to lack a specific process of word formation analogous to -ee in English. We also look at the formation of subject- and object-oriented nouns in a larger context, raising the question of what happens...

The notion ‘preverb’ is a traditional descriptive notion in Indo-European linguistics. It refers to morphemes that appear in front of a verb, and which form a close semantic unit with that verb. In many cases, the morpheme that functions as a preverb can also function without a preverbal context, often as an adverb or an adposition. Most linguists...

This paper investigates the grammaticalization of words into prefixes, via the intermediate stage of separable particles. Particle-verb combinations are analysed as constructional idioms, whereas prefixed verbs are analysed as words. We hypothesize that semantic change triggers the structural change of particles becoming inseparable prefixes. In th...

Syntactic constructions may form an alternative to, or compete with the morphological expression of semantic and grammatical content. This applies to the passive forms of verbs, the progressive form, analytic causatives, adjective-noun sequences, and particle verbs in Dutch. In this article I develop a view of the Dutch lexicon in which this intera...

This article discusses two kinds of phonological evidence concerning the balance between storage and computation: allomorphy and phonological change. It is shown that even allomorphs that can be derived by a productive phonological rule are sometimes stored in lexical memory because these allomorphs are preserved although the relevant phonological...

The ordering of affixes and the restrictions on their combination within complex words is one of the traditional topics of morphology. A well known system for the description of the regularities involved is that of position classes. In such an approach a language-specific morphological template is defined with a number of slots, with for each slot...

This article discusses IOTATION, a process that has been analyzed in generative phonology as a palatalization rule. We argue that optimality theory predicts the treatment of this process in terms of allomorphy, which in fact is desirable for a synchronic analysis. The consequence is that, with regard to iotation effects, the task of phonology is to...

Clahsen's claim that output forms of productive processes are never listed in the lexicon is a consequence of the rule/list fallacy, empirically incorrect, and not necessary for the hypothesis that the human language faculty has a dual structure, that is, a lexicon and a set of rules.