Gauri Sr Shrestha

• PhD
• Tribhuvan University

Background: This study aims to predict and estimate the postoperative refractive outcome in participants undergoing phacoemulsification using IOL Master and A-scan biometry.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done where ninety eyes of 90 participants undergone phacoemulsification using SRK/T formula were included in longitudinal research. Each par...

Background Acanthamoeba is an environmental host for various microorganisms. Acanthamoeba is also becoming an increasingly important pathogen as a cause of keratitis. In Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), coinfections involving pathogenic bacteria have been reported, potentially attributed to the carriage of microbes by Acanthamoeba. This study assessed...

Clinical relevance: Knowing the agreement and interobserver variability of the 2WIN-S photorefractometer with cycloplegic retinoscopy and prism cover test is important for judging the clinical usefulness of the device. Background: This study aims to determine an agreement and interobserver reliability between 2WIN-S photorefractometer and cyclople...

Background Occupational eye health access remains as a far-fetched dream in developing countries where, still, primary health care is inaccessible to general public. Illiteracy, ignorance, and casual attitude contribute to the majority of occupational morbidities, which are otherwise preventable. The aim of the researcher was to investigate the bur...

Objective: The study aimed to profile and quantify tear metabolites associated with bacterial keratitis using both untargeted and targeted metabolomic platforms. Methods: Untargeted metabolomic analysis using liquid-chromatography-Q Exactive-HF mass-spectrometry explored tear metabolites significantly associated with bacterial keratitis (n = 6)...

Background: Patti Pics (PP) and Lea Symbols (LS) are commonly used by eye care practitioners worldwide. Although the relationship between the two tests is fairly well understood, the availability of different chart designs (single optotypes, multiple optotypes, multiple optotypes with crowding box) merits futher understanding. The purpose of this...

Purpose: The study profiled and compared tear metabolomes associated with culture-positive and culture-negative keratitis. Methods: Six tear samples were collected using a Schirmer strip under topical anaesthesia from participants with bacterial keratitis, two of which were culture-negative and four culture-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyl...

Introduction Acanthamoeba is an emerging pathogen, infamous for its resilience against antiprotozoal compounds, disinfectants and harsh environments. It is known to cause keratitis, a sight-threatening, painful and difficult to treat corneal infection which is often reported among contact lens wearers and patients with ocular trauma. Acanthamoeba c...

Bacterial keratitis is a serious corneal disease, which can cause irreversible vision loss in all age groups. Understanding metabolic pathways in bacterial keratitis may help understand the host-pathogen interaction, which is responsible for the disease severity and pathogenesis. The thesis aimed to identify, characterise, and quantify tear metabol...

Nucleosides are glycosamines consisting of nucleobases and five-carbon sugar, which are obligatory for all organisms to regulate biochemical and cellular reactions in biological cells ranging from metabolic activity to gene expression. This study quantified and compared tear nucleosides between 15 participants with microbial keratitis and their 15...

Infectious keratitis is a rare but severe condition associated with a range of ocular and systemic predisposing conditions, including ocular trauma, prior surgery, surface disease, and contact lens (CL) wear. This review explores the epidemiology of infectious keratitis, specifically the differences in disease incidence and risk factors, causative...

Introduction: This study was done to find out the causes of visual impairment in students studying in schools for the blind in the central development region of Nepal. Materials and Methods: The study was done in six schools for the blind in the central development region of Nepal. It was conducted by a team of Eye care professionals using standard...

Metabolites are small biological molecules (Biomolecules) produced by the cell to cell interaction. Tear fluid is one of the common biofluid used in the study of metabolite expression. Bacterial keratitis is the ulcer of the cornea which is associated with a painful event. In the pilot study, we examined the expression of tear metabolites associate...

Aim: To putatively identify and characterise human tear metabolites in a normal subject on an untargeted platform of liquid chromatography-Q exactive-HF mass spectrometry. Methods: Four samples of unstimulated tears were collected from both eyes on four consecutive days between 1 and 2 pm using a microcapillary tube and pooled from both eyes each d...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are the two dominant Gram-negative and-positive species, respectively, isolated from patients with contact lens-related bacterial keratitis. The clinical features of bacterial keratitis vary, such that timely differential diagnosis can be challenging, which may cause a delay in diagnosis resulting in...

Background: Prolonged near work is a potential source of visual problems, which deteriorates work performance and reduces productivity. The present study aims to report the association between visual symptoms and ocular-visual abnormalities in thangka artists. Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 342 emmetropic thangka artists were enro...

Purpose Pre-term infants are at risk of abnormal visual development that can range from subtle to severe. The aim of this study was to compare flash VEPs in clinically stable pre-term and full-term infants at 6 months of age. Methods Twenty-five pre-term and 25 full-term infants underwent flash VEP testing at the age of 6 months. Monocular VEPs we...

Introduction: Contrast sensitivity function after laser ablation of the cornea in refrac-tive surgery is an important tool for measuring quality of visual function. The effect of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomil-eusis (FS-LASIK) on visual function can be compared by measuring spatial contrast sensi...

Purpose: Visual evoked potential (VEP) is an important non-invasive tool used to augment the functions of the visual system. The present study aims to present the VEP recorded among Nepalese subjects with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and its correlation with clinical findings. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 10 consecutive subjects with OCA a...

Purpose : Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine associated with ocular in ammation in certain ocular surface diseases and contact lens wear. The Schirmer strip and the capillary tube techniques of tear collection are commonly used in biomarker studies of eye infection and in ammation. This study measured and compared the level of IL-6 in te...

Purpose: To compare parameters of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph [HRT] II) in high myopia with age- and sex-matched emmetropes. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Nepalese subjects aged 18 to 35 years at BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Maha...

Purpose To collect information regarding awareness and knowledge of eye health and diseases among the population of the hilly region of Nepal. Methods In a population-based survey, 1834 participants were enrolled in to the study. Field procedures included the development of a survey questionnaire, field orientation, pretesting, and household data...

Significance: Age related Macular Degeneration(ARMD) is the leading cause of severe visual impairment and irreversible visual loss in elderly in developed countries. Purpose: To identify the critical visual functions and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) findings that differ in patients and normal subjects. Method: This was a prospective, hospit...

Introduction: Contrast sensitivity (CS) function after laser ablation of the cornea in refractive surgery is an important tool for measuring quality of visual function. The effect small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femto-second laser in situ keratomileusis (Fs-Lasik) on visual function can be compared by measuring spatial contrast sens...

Background Prolong near work, especially among people with uncorrected refractive error is considered a potential source of visual symptoms. The present study aims to determine the visual symptoms and the association of those with refractive errors among Thangka artists. Methods In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 242 (46.1%) participants of 52...

Background: Blindness and visual impairment is more prevalent in the low income countries like Nepal. Many people ignore eye symptoms and present lately to prevent visual impairment and blindness in even some cases. Awareness of eye diseases and their treatment can play an important role in seeking and accessing available services. Purpose: To coll...

Significance: This study suggests that pre-term infants, even without retinopathy of prematurity, are at risk for abnormal refractive development and informs the need for close monitoring of refractive error in such infants, regardless of their retinopathy of prematurity status. Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the refractive error...

Introduction: Ocular and vision defects are common among school going children. Vision disorders, especially refractive error are the m disability of children and the leading cause of handicapping conditions in childhood. The present study was conducted to find out ocular morbidity among students of government schools of Kathmandu valley. Methods:...

div class="page" title="Page 1"> Introduction: High altitude, often characterized by settings over 2400m, can be detrimental to the human body and pose a significant risk to ocular health. Reports concerning various ocular morbidities occurring as a consequence of high altitude are limited in the current literature. Objectives: This study was ai...

Thangka is one of the expressions of Tibetan scrolls depicting sacred subjects, primarily although exclusively painted. Thangka artists often work for many hours using art materials in small and intensely condensed work spaces there by exposing themselves to different health related problems. Vision related problems are supposed to be greater among...

Background: A spectrum of diseases can involve the orbit. However, the reported incidence of orbital diseases shows great variation, depending on the nature of the study.

p> Background: Corneal ulcer is a sight threatening disease of significant public health concern. Early diagnosis with microbiological identification of the causative organism and institution of the proper medical therapy are important for successful visual recovery. Objectives: To find out the demographic and predisposing factors associated with...

Introduction: Color vision is one of the important attribute of visual perception. The study was conducted at different schools of Kathmandu to compare the findings of the Ishihara Pseudoisochromatic test and the Farnsworth D-15 test. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2120 students of four schools of Kathmandu. Assessment includ...

Background: Rose K2 family of lenses which are computer-controlled complex geometric lenses that mimic the cornea topography and are fitted in complex corneal refractive disorders to deliver optimal comfort, vision and physiological compatibility. These lenses are indicated in keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration, post-graft, corneal irregul...

Purpose To record the normative values for macular thickness and macular volume in normal Nepalese eyes. Methods In all, 126 eyes of 63 emmetropic subjects (mean age: 21.17±6.76 years; range: 10–37 years) were assessed for macular thickness and macular volume, using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography over 6×6 mm² in the posterior pole. A...

Background: This study was conducted to determine clinical profile and etiological factors for phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis (PKC) in our patients. Materials and methods: In the descriptive study, 50 pediatric cases of PKC were enrolled into the study from outpatient department of BP Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies between August...

Introduction: Therapeutic contact lens (TCL) is indicated to relieve pain, promote corneal wound healing, provide mechanical protection and support, maintain corneal hydration, improve vision and seal or splint cornea in various ocular surface disorders. Till date no study has been reported about use of contact lenses for these purposes in Nepalese...

The present study was conducted to determine corneal topographic characteristics of children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and compare the corneal topographic indices in VKC subjects with normal subjects MATERIAL AND METHOD: In the hospital based comparative study, 115 consecutive subjects with VKC and 102 age and sex matched normal subjec...

Background: Congenital Cataract is the most important cause of treatable childhood blindness. Rubella is one of the major causes of preventable disease in many countries. There are scanty reports on congenital cataract in Nepal. Objective: To find out the demographic and etiological factors of congenital cataract in children. Method: In a hospital...

Terrien’s marginal degeneration is an uncommon disease of the peripheral cornea occurring at any age that results in corneal thinning causing corneal irregular astigmatism. RoseK2 XL lens has an aspheric optical zone and employed in the fitting of irregular corneas for vision and comfort while maintaining corneal health. Rose K2 XL lens was fitted...

Wilson’s disease is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism which is characterized by neuropsychiatric and hepatic manifestations as well as appearance of Kayser-Fleischer ring. This is a retrospective review of the records of the patients of Wilson’s disease who attended Neuro-ophthalmic clinic for the identification of Kayser-Fleischer (K-F) r...

Street children are a unique group of children who work, live, and/or sleep on the street or public places and are basically deprived of parental love, care and understanding. The main research question addressed in this report is what the status of ocular morbidity in street children was. In order to answer this question, eye examination programs...

Background: To evaluate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in glaucomatous Nepalese eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and study its relationship with visual field sensitivity. Methods: A total of 120 eyes comprising primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), glaucoma suspects (GS), normal tension gla...

Purpose: Prevalence of ocular morbidity among street children is largely unknown. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity among street children in the Kathmandu Valley. Methods: A cross-sectional study consisting of an eye examination program among 569 street children aged younger than 18 years was condu...

Introduction: In April 2006, the people of Nepal organised mass demonstrations demanding the restoration of democracy in the country. The ocular injuries that resulted during the riots that ensued, their pattern and the visual outcome of the injured have not yet been reported. Objective: To study the demographic profile, type, severity and the v...

Introduction: There are several limitations of the Amsler chart as a screening tool due to its low sensitivity and high false-negative results. The Berkeley central visual field test (BCFT), which is a simple power-point presentation of a 50-point scoring system for the central 10-degree of the visual field, was devised as an alternative to the Ams...

Introduction: In some instances, the understanding of the ocular manifestations in childhood leukemia is not only important to establish the diagnosis but also reflects the disease state and prognosis. Objective: To study the ocular manifestations of childhood acute leukemia among the children attending a tertiary-level hospital in Nepal. Materials...

Introduction: In April 2006, the people of Nepal organised mass demonstrations demanding the restoration of democracy in the country. The ocular injuries that resulted during the riots that ensued, their pattern and the visual outcome of the injured have not yet been reported. Objective: To study the demographic profile, type, severity and the visu...

Introduction: In some instances, the understanding of the ocular manifestations in childhood leukemia is not only important to establish the diagnosis but also reflects the disease state and prognosis. Objective: To study the ocular manifestations of childhood acute leukemia among the children attending a tertiary-level hospital in Nepal. Materials...

Introduction: A clinical audit of strabismus surgery in children in terms of functional and cosmetic outcomes helps improve the quality of services in pediatric ophthalmology. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of strabismus surgery and assess the satisfaction of the patients' parents with respect to the surgery outcome. Subjects and methods: A stu...

Purpose: Ocular and/or vision defects are one of the most common reasons for the referral of young children to the hospital. Vision disorders are the fourth most common disability of children and the leading cause of handicapping conditions in childhood. In preschool-age children, amblyopia and amblyogenic risk factors, such as strabismus and signi...

Background: The sixth cranial nerve has been found to be the most commonly affected in previous studies of cranial nerve palsies. This study was carried out to determine the most common nerve involved in extraocular muscle (EOM) palsies and the most common cause of EOM palsy in Nepal. Methods: The diagnosed cases of third, fourth, or sixth nerve pa...

Background: Dry eye symptoms are more frequent in contact lens wearers than in non wearers. Dry eye is considered relatively common in contact lens wearers than non-wearers. However, there was no any report in our clinical setting that compared and addressed the issue related to dry eye and its symptom in contact lens wearers. The present study was...

Background: Dry eye symptoms are more frequent in contact lens wearers than in non wearers. Dry eye is considered relatively common in contact lens wearers than non-wearers. However, there was no any report in our clinical setting that compared and addressed the issue related to dry eye and its symptom in contact lens wearers. The present study was...

To determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity and refractive error among the children of the squatter settlements in Kathmandu. A cross-sectional study was carried out at five squatter settlement areas at Kathmandu, including 366 children younger than 16 years. Detailed eye examination included the visual acuity testing, cycloplegic refraction, b...

poster

Objetivo Este estudio se llevó a cabo para hallar las correlaciones existentes entre las funcionalidades visuales y el nivel de discapacidad visual en pacientes con retinopatía diabética. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal en 38 pacientes con retinopatía diabética y disfunción visual en la Clínica de Baja Visión del B.P. Koirala Lions Centre...

Background: Dry eye symptoms are more frequent in contact lens wearers than in non wearers. Dry eye is considered relatively common in contact lens wearers than non-wearers. However, there was no any report in our clinical setting that compared and addressed the issue related to dry eye and its symptom in contact lens wearers. The present study was...

The frequency of visual impairment and blindness increases with age and is more prevalent among older adults living in residential care centers. The main aim of this study was to assess the visual status and determine the prevalence and major causes of visual impairment and blindness among the older adults living in residential care centers of Kath...

Purpose: To find out the type of visual defects, ocular defects or visual neglect occurring in patients with stroke. Methods: In this cross-sectional study including 40 subjects diagnosed as stroke, assessment included visual acuity with the Sheridan-Gardner chart, objective and subjective refraction, duction and version eye movement, cover test at...

A case of congenital isolated coloboma of both the upper lids from just lateral to the lacrimal punctum up to the medial half, with symblepharon in the region of lower eyelid, was studied in a 7-year-old female child. She did not have any other associated anomalies. The birth and family histories were normal. The puncta were normal in position and...

Aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of ethambutol therapy in visual functions. Prospective evaluation of 88 eyes of 44 patients on ethambutol therapy under Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (category I) for primary tuberculosis was done before start of ethambutol therapy and after 2 months of starting the therapy. Parameters evaluat...

  The aim was to study the clinical characteristics of Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) in Nepalese patients.   Medical records from 52 cases of DRS from May 2003 to April 2010 were retrospectively reviewed for age, gender, laterality and clinical characteristics. Forty-one case records (78.8 per cent) that had complete clinical findings were cons...

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate tear film stability and tear secretion before and after laser in situ keratomileusis. Materials and methods: It was a prospective, longitudinal and non-comparative analysis of clinical data of 20 consecutive myopic patients (40 eyes) collected before and after laser in situ keratomileusis. Assessmen...

Purpose: To evaluate the pattern of refractive errors among school children in Jhapa, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate refractive status of 2236 school children in three government schools and a private school. A complete eye examination was carried out in all children including slit lamp examination, fundus examinat...

Purpose: To evaluate visual problems, major symptoms, and their associations among VDT users in Nepal. Methods: Among 76 hospital attendees, assessment included visual acuity, retinoscopy, convergence, accommodation, fusional vergence and Schirmer's II. Subjects’ symptoms were recorded in the structured 5 point intensity scale questionnaire. Result...