Gary Felsten

• PhD
• Head of Faculty at Indiana University – Purdue University Columbus

This study evaluated domains of personality in the five-factor model as predictors of perceived potential for attention restoration (PPAR) for attractive and moderately attractive natural and urban scenes. Students rated the attractive natural and urban scenes equally high in PPAR, the moderately attractive natural scene intermediate, and the moder...

In a study of the perceived duration of visually displayed letters that were either unmasked or masked by visual noise or homogeneous flashes, Haber and Standing (1970) found that the stimulus onset asynchrony limited the perceived duration of noise-masked letters presented in light adaptation but not of letters masked with homogeneous flashes in d...

College students spend much of their time on campus engaged in activities that require sustained directed attention, which may lead to attention fatigue. They would benefit from campus settings that provide effective restoration breaks and allow them to return to their work cognitively refreshed. Studies have found direct exposure to nature, viewin...

Two studies reported here found that in response to common, minor stressors, stress reactivity (defined as mean stress per stressor) was a stronger predictor than total stress of depressed mood in traditional and nontraditional college men and women. A prospective study found individual reactivity scores varied over time, but relationships between...

Mental timing studies may be influenced by powerful cognitive illusions that can produce an asymmetry in their rate of progress relative to neuronal timing studies. Both types of timing research are also governed by a temporal asymmetry, expressed by the fact that the direction of causation must follow time's arrow. Here we refresh our earlier sugg...

This study evaluated how strongly total stress and stress reactivity to minor stressors were correlated with depressed mood in traditional and non-traditional college women (n = 146). Stress reactivity, which was conceptualized as mean stress per stressor, accounted more strongly than number of potentially stressful encounters for total stress, and...

Mental timing studies may be influenced by powerful cognitive illusions that can produce an asymmetry in their rate of progress relative to neuronal timing studies. Both types of timing research are also governed by a temporal asymmetry, expressed by the fact that the direction of causation must follow time’s arrow. Here we refresh our earlier sugg...

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I evaluated gender differences in the use of three distinct coping strategies, and in associations between those strategies, stress, and symptoms of depression. In a sample of men and women from two universities, which included many non-traditional students, women used slightly more social support seeking than men, but men and women did not differ...

In this article, I describe an active participation exercise that demonstrates the propagation of action potentials along unmyelinated and myelinated axons. This activity helps students visualize processes involved in the generation and propagation of action potentials and demonstrates the advantages of myelination. Students may also use the exerci...

In a non-clinical sample of traditional and non-traditional college students, neurotic hostility, which is a measure of the experience of anger, was a good predictor of symptoms of depression, whereas expressive hostility, which is a measure of the outward expression of anger, was a weak predictor. Stress was also associated with symptoms of depres...

Neurotic and expressive hostility from the perspective of the five-factor model of personality. Sixty-five male and 105 female students (mean age = 25.0 years) at a public university completed the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, the revised NEO Personality Inventory, and measures of stress and depression. Correlations were computed between the hos...

We investigated associations between components of Type A behavior, assessed with the student version of the Jenkins Activity Survey, and cardiovascular reactivity in young men and women. Men competed on a video game task against the machine or against men or women; women competed against the machine or against men. Reactivity differed Utile betwee...

Cynical hostility has been shown to predict coronary heart disease, and there is inconsistent evidence that cynically hostile people experience exaggerated anger and cardiovascular responses to anger-provoking stressors. The present study further tested relationships between cynical hostility and affective and cardiovascular responses to provocatio...

Cynical hostility has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD), and there is mixed support for the hypothesis that cynical hostility may contribute to CHD through exaggerated cardiovascular responses to anger-provoking stressors. The present study tested the influences of cynical hostility on affective and cardiovascular responses to provocation...

Several dimensions of hostility have been related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular (CV) reactivity. Neuroticism and dimensions of hostility associated with neuroticism have generally been unrelated to CHD. The present study examined relationships between the expressive and neurotic hostility components of the Buss-Durkee Hostility...

Investigations of relationships between stress and athletic performance and stress and outcomes outside of sport psychology have a parallel evolution. Each area has advanced from early attempts to find simple, strong relationships to current strategies for evaluating the influences of individual differences and situational factors on more elusive r...

Investigations of relationships between stress and athletic performance and stress and outcomes outside of sport psychology have a parallel evolution. Each area has advanced from early attempts to find simple, strong relationships to current strategies for evaluating the influences of individual differences and situational factors on more elusive r...

The present study examined the effects of stress and cumulative situation-specific mastery beliefs and satisfaction with social support on somatic and psychological symptomatology and academic performance of 146 college men. Stress was directly related to increased symptomatology and decreased grade point average, whereas mastery beliefs were direc...

Previous research on the effects of mastery beliefs on appraisal of stress usually employed generalized measures such as locus of control and produced mixed findings, depending, in part, on whether the encounters experienced were within the domains of control assessed. The present study examined the effects of situation-specific mastery and satisfa...

Nearly 69% of nucleus ambiguus neurons in the anesthetized, artificially respired dog responded to nonpharmacological manipulations of arterial pressure (AP). All were active at resting AP, most responded robustly to increased AP, and of these, about half showed activity modulated by the respiratory cycle. Other AP-sensitive neurons fired only duri...

Recordings were made from units in or near nucleus ambiguus (NA) in the awake, drug-free dog while arterial pressure (AP) was increased and decreased nonpharmacologically by inflating occlusion cuffs that had been placed around the descending aorta and inferior vena cava, respectively. Units were recorded differentially through floating fine-wire e...

Acute experiments were performed on open-chest male mongrel dogs that were anesthetized with thiopental sodium and respired. An average of 10 penetrations per side was used to explore the rostral-caudal organization of the nucleus ambiguus (NA) and the area ventrolateral to it. Atrial pacing was performed on some trials to clarify the occurrence of...

Unilateral microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.5-5 nmol) into the locus coeruleus (LC) of rats anesthetized with chloralose elicited decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. The maximal depressor response elicited by injection of L-Glu into the LC was approximately 30 mmHg, and the maximal bradycardic response was approximately 35 bpm. Micro...

Single unit recordings made from the lateral pulvinar of macaque monkeys revealed the presence of some neurons with color-opponent properties. These findings represent the first report of color-opponent neurons in a subcortical component of the extrageniculate visual pathway.

Two complementary interpretations of visual masking exist, each based on an analogy with a nonneural system. Peripheral integrative masking is said to occur when masking is energy dependent, by analogy with photographic emulsions. Central interruptive masking is said to occur when masking is time dependent, by analogy with digital computers. Psycho...

The methods of Fechner and Stevens for assessing sensation quantity usually yield different psychophysical functions even when all other factors are controlled. In this experiment, corresponding differences occurred when different features of the same sensory receptor signals were analyzed. In the visual system, the receptor potential saturated if...

Limulus photoreceptor sensitivity was investigated at various times during the response to a 400 msec flash of light. This procedure is the same as that used psychophysically when masking by light is studied and masking functions were obtained that were very similar to typical psychophysical masking functions. However, even at this most distal leve...

Measured electrophysiological analogs of visual masking by light in single retinula (photoreceptor) cells of the lateral eye of Limulus. The intensity required for a 30-msec test flash to produce a criterion response increment in the presence of a 400-msec masking flash was determined over a range of stimulus onset asynchronies. The variation of t...