Gaoyuan Lu

University of Wisconsin–Madison | UW · School of Pharmacy

Mass spectrometry-based biomolecular analyses have become permanent fixtures of academic, industrial, and clinical research settings. The rise in utilization of mass spectrometry has, in turn, spurred on a technological arms race, with every major vendor seeking to provide instrumentation that is more sensitive, higher in resolution, or may otherwi...

Lysine-conjugated antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are formed by attaching cytotoxic drugs to reactive lysine residues of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) through chemical linkers. During production, the payloads are conjugated nonspecifically to lysine residues in mAbs, resulting in a heterogeneous mixture of ADCs with both different number and conjuga...

The knowledge of ligand-protein interactions is essential for understanding fundamental biological processes and for the rational design of drugs that target such processes. Carbene footprinting efficiently labels proteinaceous residues, and has been used with mass spectrometry (MS) to map ligand-protein interactions. Nevertheless, previous footpri...

Metronomic chemotherapy, a relatively new dosing paradigm for anti-cancer therapy, is an alternative to traditional chemotherapy that uses maximal tolerated dose (MTD). Although these two dosing regimens both lead to tumor cell death, how cell metabolism is differentially affected during apoptosis remains elusive. Herein, we employed metabolomics t...

Emerging evidence support that temporal dynamics is pivotal for signaling molecules in orchestrating smart responses to diverse stimuli. p53 is such a signaling molecule that employs temporal dynamics for the selective activation of downstream target genes and ultimately for cell fate decision. Yet how this fine-tuned p53 machinery is quantitativel...

Endogenous neuropeptides are important signaling molecules that function as regulators of food intake and body weight. Previous work has shown that neuropeptide gene expression levels in a forebrain reward site, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), were changed by feeding. In order to directly monitor feeding-induced changes in neuropeptide expression leve...

Apoptosis and senescence are two types of cell fates in response to chemotherapy. Besides canonical pathways that mediate cell fates, cancer cell metabolism has been revealed as a crucial factor affecting cell fate decisions, and thus represents a new target for antitumor therapy. Therefore, a comprehensive description of metabolic pathways underly...

Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that consists of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) trastuzumab non-cleavably linked to a cytotoxic drug DM1. During production, the DM1 agents were conjugated to the lysine residues of the mAb in a non-specific manner, yielding a heterogeneous mixture of ADC molecules that differ with respec...

The characterization of herbal prescriptions serves as a foundation for quality control and regulation of herbal medicines. Previously, the characterization of herbal chemicals from natural medicines often relied on the analysis of signature fragment ions from the acquired tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra with prior knowledge of the herbal...