Gaoussou TOURE

Centre hospitalier de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges - France - Anatomy · Maxillofacial Surgery

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve damage is one of the most common complications of surgery on the lower third of the face. It can have a significant psychological and social impact, and its evolution varies in terms of the duration and degree of recovery. In the literature, few studies adequately explain this phenomenon. We therefore aim to est...

The internal carotid artery mainly supplies the brain. As the internal carotid artery contributes to the formation of the cerebral arterial circle, its variations are relevant in imaging, interventional radiology, and surgery. Knowledge of these variations is important for vascular anastomosis in free flap reconstruction and in arterial ligatures f...

Les troubles neurosensoriels de la lèvre inférieure sont une complication fréquente et préjudiciable pour les patients. Ils représentent un problème médico-légal majeur et représentent la complication la plus fréquente de la chirurgie du 1/3 inférieur de la face. Des circonstances aussi variées que la traumatologie, la chirurgie orthognathique ou l...

Osteosarcoma of the jaw only represents 0.5-1% of tumors of the facial mass. Due to its rarity, clinical diagnosis is thus difficult. The guidelines for this pathology remain unclear, and the need for neoadjuvant chemotherapy is still debated. This case report aims to describe a rare case of chondroblastic osteosarcoma in a 50-year-old woman on ris...

Les fractures du condyle mandibulaire malgré des déplacements importants entraînent peu de nécrose. Cette constatation illustre le rôle négligeable, de l’apport intraoseux de l’artère alvéolaire inférieure au condyle et nous a conduit à étudier et systématiser sa vascularisation artérielle. Matériel et méthodes 42 articulations temporo-mandibulair...

TNM classification: Are cancers with extrinsic tongue muscle involvement systematically T4a?

Masseter injections for cosmetic or pathological reasons are increasingly common, as are filler injections using dual or multi-plane techniques in the lateral facial regions or for jawline contouring. The occurrence of blindness following these procedures often remains unexplained. This study aimed to determine the anatomical explanation for this d...

Introduction La surprescription d’antibiotiques reste un problème de santé publique en France. Les services de chirurgie maxillo-faciale (CMF) jouent un rôle important dans la consommation d’antibiotiques dans les hôpitaux publics. Le but de notre observation est d’évaluer l’intervention d’une équipe d’infectiologues dans la prise en charge des pat...

Purpose In the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) classification, extrinsic muscle involvement in oropharyngeal cancers is systematically defined as a T4a tumor, although the term extrinsic may incorrectly imply that these muscles are outside the tongue. Our aim was to describe the topography of extrinsic tongue muscles and show that the...

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Composite tissue allotransplantation of the face has led to renewed interest in the vascularization of the maxilla. The maxillary artery, which is deep within the tissue and difficult to access, is considered the main artery of the maxilla. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of the maxillary artery in the deep regions of t...

Vascular variations are common. A cervicofacial anatomical dissection carried out at the anatomy laboratory allowed us to document a rare vascular variation. The facial artery did not give rise to branches that led to the submandibular gland; an artery arising directly from the external carotid artery vascularized the submandibular gland and gave r...

Background: The marginal mandibular nerve of the facial nerve is frequently injured during corrective and cosmetic surgery. Recent or emerging techniques such as the injection of filler materials, botulinum toxin, allotransplantation of composite tissues of the face, placement of chin implants, and submental cryolipolysis require in-depth knowledg...

Reconstruction of mandibular substance loss by a free flap is a widely used technique. This technique suffers from several disadvantages, including the presence of a second intervention site and a substantial frequency of complications. We have undertaken a custom-made 3-dimensional reconstruction (using computer-aided design and manufacturing) wit...

Introduction/Objectifs Le rameau marginal mandibulaire du nerf facial (RMM) est l’une des branches du nerf facial dont la lésion a des conséquences esthétiques et fonctionnelles significatives. L’atteinte de ce rameau existe dans différentes situations chirurgicales. Sa lésion varie de varie de 0 à 20 % des cas. Ce rameau est considéré, classiqueme...

Background: Despite substantial displacements, fractures of the mandibular condyle rarely lead to necrosis. This illustrates the negligible role of the inferior alveolar artery in intraosseous supply to the condyle, and led to this systematization of its arterial vascularization. Methods: Forty-two temporomandibular joints from nonembalmed cadav...

The aesthetic outcome of a well-planned and executed vascularized composite tissue face allotransplant is unquestionable; however, complete functional restoration is necessary. The authors studied the possibility of restoring tear duct function in face transplant recipients. They also examined the technical specifics and feasibility of incorporatin...

Facial fractures are considered more common in young individuals. However, they are also increasing in the aging population. Investigation of the characteristics of such fractures is important so as to be able to devise preventive measures and specifications for their proper treatment. We carried out a descriptive retrospective epidemiological stud...

Complication classique et fréquente de la parotidectomie, le syndrome de sudation gustative (syndrome de Frey) ou syndrome du nerf auriculotemporal se manifeste par une sudation réflexe de la région parotidienne provoquée par une stimulation gustative lors des repas. Il est considéré comme la conséquence d’une lésion du nerf auriculotemporal (systè...

Plasma cell granuloma or inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is diagnosed by a process of elimination. The precise etiology is unknown, although it can occur after a bout of periodontal infection. This report describes the various stages of progression for this ailment. A 49-year-old woman with no noteworthy medical history presented with a recurrent pe...

Purpose: In humans, the styloauricularis is a rare muscle extending from the tragal cartilage of the auricle to the styloid process. When it contracts, by bearing on the styloid process, it increases the cephalo-auricular angle. It can be a landmark for the facial nerve. We report a case with bilateral presence of the styloauricularis. Methods:...

Background: Gustatory sweating syndrome (also known as Frey syndrome or auriculotemporal nerve syndrome) is thought to result from a lesion of the auriculotemporal nerve. A lesion of this nerve can lead to aberrant regeneration of nerve fibers to the sweat glands and blood vessels. The occurrence of signs outside the region of the auriculotemporal...

Il existe de nombreux repères anatomiques pour disséquer le tronc du nerf facial. Cette dissection est en règle le premier temps de la parotidectomie. Ce repères comprennent le cartilage tragal, la veine rétromandibulaire, la suture tympano-mastoïdienne et la dissection rétrograde en suivant l’une des branches du nerf facial [1–3]. Des variations m...

Dog bites are considered to be septic injuries, and their location on the face, with its highly symbolic topography and important social functions, is particularly pertinent. In addition to specific medical aspects, such as their psychological impact, they are also of relevance in terms of child protection measures. In light of the far-reaching imp...

Background: The trajectory of the parotid duct (PD) makes it vulnerable to injuries during facial trauma and facial rejuvenation procedures. The PD is usually represented as a straight line, although its description in the literature varies. Our objective was to study the trajectory of the PD and to define reliable cutaneous landmarks. Methods We d...

Facial composite tissue allotransplantation has recently become a surgical option. The maxilla, which forms the upper jaw and plays an important role in facial allotransplantation, consists of the maxillary and facial arteries. The maxillary artery is located deep within the tissue and considered the main artery of the maxilla; however, the facial...

Avulsion of permanent teeth: incidence, relocation and containment by Dautrey arc. Introduction. Dental trauma is one of oro-facial trauma that constitue 5% of injuries in general. This is one of maxillofacial emergencies when there is a dislocation of a permanent tooth. Patients and method. This is a prospective study of 47 patients who had an avu...

The authors present their clinical and computed tomographic findings in a series of 13 cases of monocortical bone harvesting, in the setting of preimplant reconstructive surgery, with the harvest sites filled with granular bovine bone substitute, which had an additional coverage using a collagen membrane. These patients were compared with a control...

Maxillofacial trauma caused by severe ballistic injuries requires many steps of reconstruction and is often associated with disappointing results. The authors report on two clinical cases of facial allografting. After a preclinical anatomical study of 10 fresh cadavers, the authors performed allotransplantation of the lower two-thirds of the face i...

To point out the importance of the early diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) (Horton's disease). a case report of a sudden bilateral blindness that had revealed GCA. A 68-year old female patient with a history of elevated blood pressure and diabetes mellitus type 2, was examined in emergency for a right painful headache developed one week previ...

The retromandibular vein (rmv) is an important anatomical element, in radiology to localise a tumor in the parotid gland in relation to the facial nerve, and in surgery as a landmark to dissect the facial nerve and its branches. The aim of this study was to give a precise description of the anatomic variations of the relations of the facial nerve w...

The authors report the technical difficulties involved in the procurement of a total human face graft for allotransplantation. After completing a preclinical study that involved 13 fresh cadavers, the authors harvested a total face graft for allotransplantation onto a patient in April of 2009. The harvested tissue specimen included the entire face...

Although the vascular supply of the occipital region of the scalp is usually considered as depending on the occipital arteries, in our clinical experience the importance of the posterior auricular arteries seems to have been underestimated. Most of the authors consider that the occipital artery is the main artery to the vascular supply of this regi...

We report the one-year follow-up of a series of endoscopic removal of osteomas of the forehead to assess the feasibility of the technique, its functional results, and the satisfaction of the patients. Osteomas were resected in five patients (two women, three men, mean age 40 years, range 30 to 55) using an endoscopic technique. All operations were...

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare subcategory of non-Hodgkin lymphoma frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus. It is a large B-cell lymphoma that has a predilection for the oral cavity. Clinically, plasmablastic lymphoma may mislead to a diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma. When infected, plasmablastic lymphoma may mimic an odontogenic cel...

Tongue muscles are difficult to study by dissection and imaging methods because of the intermeshing of the muscular fibers. The study of the architecture of the tongue was based on 853 tongue sections of a fetus aged 32 weeks after conception. The analysis of the sections allowed demonstration of the different intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the...

Composite tissue allotransplantation has become a clinical reality and a major breakthrough in reconstructive surgery. The current boundary of dispute on composite tissue allotransplantation is regarding the full-face transplantation. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of how facial allotransplantation has been approache...

Both clinical research and evaluation research focus on the therapeutic outcomes. But unlike clinical research, evaluation research examines such results from the patient's perspective, the criteria being what the patient feels rather than physical or laboratory data. Such research is of utmost importance in aesthetic surgery since the real benefit...

The intra-lingual course of the nerves of tongue has never been studied in the human by the Sihler method. This technique was applied to six human tongues and allowed coloration of the nerves and illustration of the tongue. The course of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, and lingual nerves was defined. Constant anastomoses between the lingual and...

The epiglottis is known as a laryngeal structure. The authors studied the innervation of epiglottis using the Sihler method on six human epiglottises. Innervation of the epiglottis depended on the rami from the vagus, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves. By its innervation, epiglottis seems to be a glosso-laryngeal structure, as is confirmed by...

The epiglottis is known as a laryngeal structure. The authors studied the innervation of epiglottis using the Sihler method on six human epiglottises. Innervation of the epiglottis depended on the rami from the vagus, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves. By its innervation, epiglottis seems to be a glosso-laryngeal structure, as is confirmed by...

It is essential to know the normal and pathological changes of ageing in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) because of the frequency of pathology in this joint and the increased duration of life in current populations. A study was done on 70 TMJs harvested from 35 subjects older than 75 years. These joints were studied macroscopically, radiologicall...

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease or necrotizing histiocyte lymphadenitis is a disease of unknown cause whose main clinical feature is adenopathy, generally in a cervical location. The disease was described for the first time in Japan in 1972 and the first case in France was reported in 1986. Clinicians should be aware of this uncommon disease in order to d...

Background Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease or necrotizing histiocyte lymphadenitis is a disease of unknown cause whose main clinical feature is adenopathy, generally in a cervical location. The disease was described for the first time in Japan in 1972 and the first case in France was reported in 1986. Clinicians should be aware of this uncommon disease in...

The mandible has been reported to be one of the most fractured bone in human. Several factors are involved in mandible fracture such as anatomy and biomechanisms. Long-term studies show a progressive increase in the incidence of mandibular fractures. The two predominant mechanisms of these injuries are interpersonal violence associated with addicti...

The outcome research, like the clinical research, examines the end results of medical interventions. However, unlike clinical research, the outcome research systematically considers outcomes from the patient's perspective. Therefore, assessments do not focus on physical data or laboratory test, but on the patient's feelings. This approach is essent...

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Gardner syndrome are mendelian dominant inherited conditions. Both diseases are linked to mutations on the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q21) referred to as the adenomatous polyposis locus. Gardner syndrome involves endodermal, mesodermal and ectodermal layers. Nondigestive and maxillofacial lesions such as ost...

Le syndrome de Gardner est une affection héréditaire à transmission autosomique dominante à pénétrance complète et à expressivité variable. L’anomalie génétique est située sur le chromosome 5q 21. Il appartient au spectre de la polypose familiale adénomateuse et se caractérise par l’atteinte des dérivés des trois feuillets embryonnaires. Les signes...

We report a case of lichen planus in a patient with hepatitis C infection and discuss the relationship between these two diseases.

Twenty-two cases of prolapse of the urethral mucosa, a benign affection mainly encountered in young black girls, were observed over a 9-year period (1983-1992). This pathology is still poorly understood and the aetiology has not been clearly determined. Treatment protocols, medical and surgical, vary. We prefer exeresis of the prolapsed mucosa, fol...