Ganesh Duraisamy

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• PhD in Mechanical Engineering
• Professor at Anna University, Chennai

Reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) is a promising low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategy that results in low oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and soot emissions while maintaining high thermal efficiency. At the same time, RCCI leads to increased unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in the exhaust, particularly un...

The number of research activities to find alternative fuels for Internal Combustion Engines has increased tremendously in recent years, owing to depleting oil reserves and growing climate concerns. In this scenario, biodiesel is one of the few promising alternatives that can potentially replace conventional fuel. When vegetable oil is used for fryi...

Biodiesel produced from single feedstocks has many challenges due to variations in the oil properties. Flex-mix approach is a long-term solution for turning mixed feedstock into high-quality biodiesels. In this investigation, a premixed used cooking oil and animal fat (pig fat) mixture (from 20-80%) was transesterified to produce flex-mix methyl es...

One of the most promising approaches for converting waste plastics into oil is fast pyrolysis. This study reviews the current state of the art and recent progress made on the thermal conversion of plastic to oil technologies, and their uses as alternatives to fossil fuels. The fuel properties of waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) are close to the d...

This article presents an experimental understanding of combustion mode transition from conventional diesel combustion (CDC) mode to reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode. In the current study the variations in combustion, performance, and emissions during the mode transition were investigated and accordingly a dual fuel...

In the present study, an existing commercial light-duty automotive diesel engine is modified to a flexible dual-fuel engine (FDFE). The FDFE operates with different low and high reactivity dual fuel combinations under low temperature combustion (LTC) mode using combined multipoint fuel injection and common rail direct injection systems. The FDFE ca...

Sustainable energy derived from waste resources helps to mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions generated from fossil fuels. In this study, a solid heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized by using eggshell and copper oxide [CaCu(OCH3)2]. Using this catalyst, biodiesel fuels were produced from waste sardine fish oil using either methanol, ethanol, or...

The present article reviews about the algae isolation, microalgae growth, types of cultivation, oil extraction, biodiesel characterization and the advantage of microalgae biomass and its other applications. A detailed review was undertaken on various microalgae harvesting methods, types of oil extraction and biodiesel production. The merits and dem...

A number of technological challenges need to be overcome if algae are to be utilized for commercial fuel production. Current economic assessment is largely based on laboratory scale up or commercial systems geared to the production of high value products, since no industrial scale plant exits that are dedicated to algal biofuel. For macroalgae (‘se...

Energy consumption is on the rise due to rapid technological progress and a higher standard of living. The use of alternative energy resources is essential to meet the rising energy demand and mitigate the carbon emissions caused due to use of fossil-based fuels. Biodiesel produced from non-edible oils such as castor seed oil (CO) can be used in di...

The fuel qualities of several biodiesels containing highly saturated, mono, and poly unsaturated fatty acids, as well as their combustion and exhaust emission characteristics, were studied. Six biodiesel samples were divided into two groups based on their fatty acid composition, including group 1 (coconut, castor, and jatropha) and group II (palm,...

The effects of simple and similar molecular structure fuels like methanol (M) and dimethyl ether (DME) on the reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion, performance, and emissions were investigated on a three-cylinder turbocharged manifold port fuel injection (MPFI) and common rail direct injection (CRDI) dual-fuel engine at diff...

Biodiesel is a viable alternative to petroleum diesel. The properties of the biodiesel depend on the feedstock used to produce it. A significant difference in properties exists between different biodiesels. Therefore, standards for biodiesel fuel had been developed considering many factors such as safe handling, corrosion, ignition quality, stabili...

In the current investigation, a modified non-road naturally aspirated conventional RCCI (i.e., PFI RCCI) engine has been replaced with low-pressure gasoline and high-pressure diesel dual fuel direct injection (DFDI) system and successfully investigated. Direct injection of low and high Cetane number fuels enhanced the in-cylinder stratification of...

Presently methanol based dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (DFRCCI) has more and more attention in fuel and engine research field because of its potential in reducing the engine-out harmful emissions and evading the dependency on fossil fuel resources. However, while using methanol along with diesel in DFRCCI combustion, a substa...

Previous studies on reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion indicated that, reducing the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions at low load conditions still remains a challenge because of lower in-cylinder temperatures due to lower global reactivity gradient and reduced oxidation process. Research in this direction has not been rep...

In the present work, an attempt is made to implement the single fuel RCCI combustion on a non-road diesel engine using oxygenated renewable non-fossil fuel. In this study, isobutanol (high octane fuel − low reactivity fuel)/isobutanol-polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether blend (medium Cetane fuel − medium reactivity fuel) based reactivity controlled com...

Bio-mix is a fuel derived from the raw mixture of different non-edible oils to enhance the saturation level. In this study, raw oil mixture was transesterified to form bio-mix methyl ester (BMME). Fuel properties of BMME was measured and results showed that saturated fatty acids (SFA), cetane number (CN), and oxidation stability (OS) were increased...

NOx emissions are the major threat in biodiesel fuelled engines due to fuel bound oxygen and presence of double bonds in their molecular structure. An attempt has been made to reduce the biodiesel NOx emission by varying the saturation level with the help of an approach called “bio-mix”. In this study, bio-mix fuel has been prepared from the waste...

In the present work, an attempt was made to study and compare the effect of Methanol/Diesel and Methanol/PODE RCCI combustion in a 3-cylinder, turbocharged, CRDI, diesel engine. The test engine was suitably modified to use dual fuels by incorporating methanol port fuel injection system and an open electronic control unit. Experiments have been cond...

In present work, Jatropha, Karanja (non-edible) and Cottonseed (edible) oils were mixed in the selected proportions and then converted to biomix methyl ester through transesterification process. Experiments were performed on a single cylinder non-road diesel engine with biomix methyl ester and results were compared with neat diesel, Jatropha, Karan...

As non-road engine emission control programs are developed largely in number of countries around the world, adopting a high efficiency and low emission combustion techniques has become essential. Flexible fuel operation using in-cylinder blending technique is a primary option for using higher octane fuel in a non-road diesel engine to mitigate emis...

Biodiesel molecular structure (Saturated, Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Carbon chain length) have a predominant effect on its properties and NO X emission. Bio-mixture fuel is a novel approach to prepare third generation biofuel which have higher saturation, lower unsaturation fatty acids and longer carbon chain length as compared to single feedstock...

Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acids methyl esters derived from the triglyceride of vegetable oil. Vegetable oils consist of different types of fatty acids which influence the biodiesel fuel properties, combustion, and emissions, especially oxides of nitrogen emission. Nitric oxides emissions are one of the major threats posed by biodiesel fuel du...

The replacement of fossil fuel through renewable resources is the need of the hour to reduce environmental pollution. Biodiesel is one of the renewable sources to replace fossil fuel but its properties are influenced by fatty acids composition, production process, atmospheric and tropical conditions. An attempt has been made to improve biodiesel qu...

This article covers key and representative developments in the area of high efficiency and clean internal combustion engines. The main objective is to highlight recent efforts to improve (IC) engine fuel efficiency and combustion. Rising fuel prices and stringent emission mandates have demanded cleaner combustion and increased fuel efficiency from...

Abstract In parallel to the interest in renewable fuels, there has also been increased interest in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion. HCCI engines are being actively developed because they have the potential to be highly efficient and to produce low emissions. Even though HCCI has been researched extensively, few challenges...

The researchers have been forced to resort a new combustion concept like homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) to meet future emission regulations and to minimize the burden of after treatment system. In this work, the fuel vaporizer which is maintained above the boiling point of biodiesel is used to prepare the external mixture for HCCI m...

The present investigation is to study the effect of Nano-fuel additives [Magnalium (Al-Mg) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4)] on the performance and emission characteristics of Jatropha biodiesel (B100) in a single cylinder, air cooled, direct injection diesel engine. Ball mill (Magnalium) and Sol-Gel (Cobalt oxide) processes were adopted for Nano-particle...

Abstract Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a promising concept for achieving increased efficiency and low emissions. HCCI process operates on the principle of having a lean, premixed, homogeneous charge that reacts and burns volumetrically throughout the cylinder as it is compressed by the piston. One of the major problems in achiev...

HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) has been touted for many years as the alternate technology of choice for future engines, preserving the inherent efficiency of CIDI (Compression Ignition Direct Injection) engines while significantly reducing emissions. The current direction for all published diesel HCCI research is mixture preparation...

The current direction of most published diesel HCCI research is mixture preparation using the direct injection – system, referred to as internal mixture formation. The alternative to the internal mixture formation is, predictably, external mixture formation. The key to the external mixture formation with diesel fuel is proper preparation. In this s...

The current direction of most published diesel HCCI research is mixture preparation using the direct injection – system, referred to as internal mixture formation. The alternative to the internal mixture formation is, predictably, external mixture formation. The key to the external mixture formation with diesel fuel is proper preparation. In this s...

The present investigation was to study the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation technique. A stationary four stroke, single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine capable of developing 4.4 kW at 1500 rpm was modified to oper...