Gamal H. Elsaeed

Benha University · Department of Civil Engineering (Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra)

Manzala lake is a model example of shallow water bodies exposed to huge amounts of drainage water containing organic and inorganic pollutants, which can be thrown in it directly or indirectly. This research aims to assess the water quality condition of Manzala Lake using the method of water quality index. The existing situation of the lake water qu...

Greenhouse gases (GHG) represent two atmosphere gaseous components, natural and made via human activities which cause the global warming phenomena. Climate change and global warming are imposing additional pressures, with negative effects on the quantity and quality of water resources and the capability to ensure food security, protect human health...

The disturbance in velocity distribution generates hydraulic instability of pumping units, which leads to failure, damage and other operation and maintenance difficulties. The objective of this research is to predict and enhance the hydraulic problems in the sump intake of FARASKOUR drainage pumping station on faraskour drain Damietta governorate....

The basic purpose of a pump intake is to supply water with a uniform velocity at the entry of an impeller. The fluid flow in Pump intakes is rather complex involving expansions and turns together with fluid-structure interactions. The intake of pumps is usually designed analytically, based on standard designs, best practices and also previous impl...

Lake Manzala is the largest lake along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. It is in northeastern Egypt on the Nile delta near Port-Said City. The lake is long, quite shallow and suffering from severe ecological problems during the last years. The discharge of polluted water from five main drains is drained in the lake causing negative ecological, hea...

There are a lot of sedimentation problems in front of Nile River intakes. In this research, the baffle column approach was investigated to reduce the amount of sediment entering the intake structures without any adverse impacts on the operation process. The objectives of this study are: Identification and prediction of the morphological changes alo...

Land property is the main consideration which control choosing the location of river intakes. This leads to increase sedimentation problems inside River intakes. In this research, the baffle column design will be improved to reduce the amount of sediment entering the intake structures. The objective of this paper is studying different spacing value...

A confluence is a natural component in river and channel networks. The incoming flow from the tributary channel causes extensive variation of the flow velocity, flow discharge, turbulent intensity and sediment discharge in the main-channel. In the present paper, numerical model is applied to predict flow pattern and morphological changes at the fut...

River channel confluence is one of the morphological features of each river system. It is identified by highly pattern of flow, sediment transport and bed variations. The objectives of this study are: evaluate the Nile River confluence morphological changes on the shear layer, shows the hydraulic and morphological changes at different years, study...

Local scour downstream hydraulic structures may cause damage or complete failure of these structures. In this paper, an experimental study was carried out to investigate using floor water jets as a mitigation measure to minimize the local scour downstream stilling basin and to clarify the best arrangement of these jets. Different cases were establi...

Local scour downstream hydraulic structures should be studied well to avoid damage or even failure of these structures. In this paper, an experimental model was conducted to study the influence of bed material size on the local scour downstream stilling basins of Fayoum type weir as a hydraulic structure. Two bed material were tested. The model inc...

Darb El-Arbeain area lies between long. 29o 00/ and 31o 00/ E and lat. 22o 00/ and 24o 30/ N. In this study the changing rates of the hydraulic parameters are investigated through different pumping rates using the three dimensional finite difference flow model (MODFLOW 2005) to simulate the flow system. The initial aquifer hydraulic parameters are;...

This research studies the interaction between the groundwater and formation non heterogeneity, the research was conducted in the three areas ofDarb El Arbeain, southern western Desert, Egypt. Darb El the Red sea and East Oweinate di (EGSMA, 1987); Tensional stresses led to a great number of faults of different trends and types, Vertical and diagona...

This research introducing the depletion of piezometric head in the confined aquifer. The results were obtained through application of simulation program (visual mudflow) in the three areas of Darb El Arbeain, southern western Desert, Egypt. Through different pumping scenarios for each case study, by running each case for 110 %, 180%, 280%, and 370%...

In this research, an attempt was carried out for land reclamation in the central part of Darb El Arbeain through evaluation of aquifer performance. The study area occupies the middle part of Darb EL-Arbeain and bounded by long. 30 o 15/ and 30 o 25/ E and lat. 23 o 55/ and 24 o 05/ N, it has an area of about 120 Km 2. In this study four suggested s...

This research introduces new classification for confined aquifer field, the previous classification for Aquifer potentiality was done by Geohage, 1979 and depends only on transmissivity which set that more than 500 m 2 /day in is classified as high potentiality, meanwhile 50-500 m 2 /day is moderate, and the rest between low to negligible. The prev...

Engineers have spent more time and effort in understanding local scour phenomena, especially engineers involved in bridge foundation design. Estimating local scour depth, d S values are important in order to avoid catastrophic failure of bridges and to get more economical design. Local scour around exposed piles using 3D computational fluid dynamic...

The High Aswan Dam has been constructed during the 1960's to protect Egypt from high flood hazards and to provide the required water demand during low flood years. Due to the dam construction and lake formation, the flow downstream the dam has become more controlled and the suspended sediment concentration peaks have been reduced significantly and...

Coastal zones in many countries suffer from strong offshore direct rip currents. Rip currents regularly lead to hazardous situations, and at some beaches swimming is prohibited for a considerable time of the year especially during summer storm. Also, the swimming may be prohibited at beaches where the wave height is too high. Saski et al (1975) con...

In this study, the effect of positive step located at the end of the stilling basin (end step) and baffle block on the flow characteristics downstream the radial gate of the Assuit Barrages physical model was investigated. These characteristics include the main parameters of the submerged hydraulic jump, the vertical velocity distribution along the...

The Nile is almost the only water source in Egypt and the limitation of the river resource with the rapid increase of the demand on water set Egypt to face up an expected water scarcity. The attempts of the south countries for more utilization of the Nile water intensify the problem. Given that the chance to increase Nile water resources is very li...

The Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI), Egypt has constructed various hydraulic structures and facilities along the Nile River to control the release of water in according to planned water demand. Barrages have been built on the Nile River to regulate the water distribution and control the water flow to maximize profitability and min...

The High Aswan Dam has been constructed during the sixties to protect Egypt from high flood hazards and to provide the required water demand during low flood years. Due to the dam construction and lake formation, the flow downstream the dam has become more controlled and the suspended sediment concentration peaks have been reduced significantly and...

The objectives of the current research were to mitigate the sedimentation problem in front of thermal power plant intakes, case study, El Kuraimat thermal power plant, also investigate the effectiveness of a set of alternatives to solve this problem. Several sorts of data were collected including, velocity measurements, hydrographic survey data, wa...

Scouring around bridge piers phenomena are studied by several researchers. They proved that SSIIM (Sediment Simulation In Intakes with Multi-block option) model is a powerful tool in predicting local scour around rectangular piers for clear water scour. The main objective of this paper is to verify SSIIM model in predicting the local scour for live...

Stilling basins are in common use when designing heading-up hydraulic structures such as barrages, dams, weirs …etc. This research paper investigates the effect of stilling basin shapes with different heights of end step on the characteristics of submerged hydraulic jump and the energy dissipation downstream the radial gate. Generally, this researc...

The objectives of this research are to predict and evaluate the effect of releasing high/extreme flow discharges on scour at 13 bridge piers of (3) bridges located at Kafr El-Zayat City. Field data, empirical equations and a two-dimensional model were used. The empirical equations were used to predict the general, contraction and bend scour of the...

The objectives of this research were to analyze and evaluate the effect of releasing flow discharges on river meandering in addition to estimating the local scour at 13 bridge piers distributed on 3 bridges located on Rosetta branch. The meandering length was 3.5 Km (from km 145.00 to km 148.50) D.S of El-Roda Gauge at Kafr El-Zayat City. Several s...

In this paper the effect of releasing (emergency and maximum) flow discharges on bed shear stress at 3.5 km length meandering river reach at Kafr El-Zayat City from km 145.00 to km 148.50 D.S of El-Roda Gauge at Kafr El-Zayat City. 2-D numerical model “SMS” in addition to hydrographic measurements were combined for this purpose. The available data...

This paper presents a methodology for management and evaluation of groundwater aquifer in the Middle Part of Darb El-Arbaein Area. Three dimensional lithologic modeling techniques have been used for detailed characterization and groundwater flow modeling of the aquifer system in the middle part of Darb El-Arbaein area. Well log data was used for se...

An actual scale model of a groin was designed and constructed to investigate the impact of the gap width on the shoreline changes in the close vicinity of the groin. The Surface water Modeling System (SMS) model has been used to simulate the wave hydrodynamics around the groin for about 5 years to study the impact of the proposed groin on the shore...

A study has been conducted to develop safe swimming conditions along the North-West coast of Egypt. Investigations have been made for the perched beach approaches. Both numerical models and actual scale field data have been employed in this study. Attention has also been given to the empirical models available in literature for computing the transm...

A representative design ship was chosen for studying the effect of cross water currents on navigational ships based on statistical analysis of the available data for ship units along the River Nile, Egypt. A geometrical wooden ship model of a design representative prototype was tested in a rectangular flume at the Hydraulics Research Institute (HRI...

For studying the effect of cross water currents on navigational ships, a representative design ship was chosen based on statistical analysis of the available data for ship units along the River Nile within Egypt. In this study, a distorted scale model of 1:80 in the horizontal direction and 1:20 in the vertical direction was designed. A wooden ship...

The flow field around the vertical-wall abutments is investigated through detailed three-dimensional velocity measurements performed after reaching equilibrium scour bed for non cohesive soil as well as cohesive soil. Velocity measurements are taken upstream, downstream and on the side of the abutment by using the Acoustic velocity Doppler (ADV). T...

This paper presents groins with a clear opening in their cross section as a tool for protecting the shore area. The opening allows water circulation and flushing in the near shore zone while protecting the swimmers from direct exposure to wave attack. The possible impact of the opening size and the internal properties of the groin on the shore line...

The results of a laboratory investigation on local scour at bridge abutments in cohesive soils are presented. Kaolin clay was used as a bed material and vertical wall abutments with three different sizes. Forty experiments were conducted under clear-water conditions in cohesive soil with a clay content ranging from 2 to 20%, compaction ranges from...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems resulting from unsteady flow, in irrigation pipelines networks; due to pump power failure and provides the necessary control devices, to analyze transient flow under all possible operational conditions. The present investigation emphasized on the unsteady flow cases on the problem of pump pow...

The objective of this study is to compare the effect of pile groups on the local scour around bridge piers, while changing the pile number and spacing in both longitudinal and transversal directions. Different arrangements of square pile groups have been studied, where the pile numbers range from 2 to 9, and are separated by a clear spacing that ra...

The aim of this study is to utilize accurate numerical simulations for predicting local scour around bridge piers. The numerical model used in this study is Sediment Simulation In Intakes with Multiblock option " SSIIM " where a k–ε and SIMPLE method was used to predict the turbulence and to compute the pressure around the piers. The main objective...

Egypt is plagued by a water shortage as well as water resource management issues. Egypt, as a developing country, is at particular risk for being unable to provide clean drinking water and adequate sanitation systems for citizens, ensure sustainable irrigation, use hydropower to produce electricity, and maintain diverse ecosystems. The Egyptian Env...

Dredging is the act of digging out and removing material from underwater by means of a machine equipped with a continuous revolving chain of buckets, a scoop, or a suction device. Dredging and the disposal of dredged materials have the potential to cause physical and biological damage, particularly when removed sediments are contaminated with toxic...

A2-D hydrodynamic model was developed to investigate the effect of spur dikes on the local scour where Naga Hammadi Barrage was selected as a case study. The model was verified against experimental results of a physical modeling in order to assure its validity. Confident with the verified model, simulations were executed the implementation process....

Dredging as a tool to enhance river transport in Damietta branch was conducted since 1999. About six million meter cubic of bed material was removed with a total cost of 60 million Egyptian pounds. The navigation channel has an average width of 40m. However, the last 12km of the route to Damietta port is via an artificial canal of water depth of 4m...

This study was initiated to examine shoreline changes behind offshore breakwaters to evaluate the design of a detached breakwater system. Curves for different wave conditions were constructed using the numerical model "Genesis". The model was used with limited data sets and calibration parameters to give reasonably accurate results. A prototype was...

This study was initiated to introduce non-submerged spur dikes as training structures to reduce erosion at the opposite bank to diversion channel at Naga Hammadi barrage through minimizing the velocity values near the banks. The length of the bank to be protected is 450m. The width of diversion channel is 172m; however the average channel width at...

There is an essential need to construct hydraulic structures along any waterway such as weirs, regulators….etc. Regulators are very important parts in the modern irrigation system, but they have some side effects as any other intervention. One of its negative impacts is the rise of the groundwater levels in its surroundings. This increase in water...

Many regions of the Nile River are subjected to continuous morphological changes such as bank failure, bed degradation and aggradations, and the formation of new islands. Some of these changes resulted as a side effect to man made interventions. These morphological changes have a negative impact on the efficiency of navigation, pump intakes, and th...

Local scour around bridge abutments in alluvial channels is an unavoidable problem. Accurate prediction of the scour hole depth and pattern is essential for a safe and economic design of bridge foundation. The local scour pattern around bridge abutments depends on the abutment shape, local flow field and type and properties of the erodible bed mate...

Problem : Problem : Problem : Problem : Problem : Problem : Problem : Problem : Water evaporated from the surface of the sacred Water evaporated from the surface of the sacred lake led to the concentration of salt and caused lake led to the concentration of salt and caused several organic reactions which had a negative several organic reactions whi...

The Egyptian government is replacing the existing Naga Hammadi barrage, located across the Nile River some 450km south of Cairo, with the New Naga Hammadi barrage (NNHB) to incorporate a hydropower plant and to improve conditions for river traffic. The new structure will lead to an increase in river water levels, both locally near the new barrage a...

The discharge of flows into a waterway, e.g. from industrial, power plants, and storm water collectors, may affect passing ships depending on the induced transverse momentum acting on a ship in front of an outfall structure. In this study, the effect of the angle of inclination of the outlet was investigated along with its opening angle, depth of w...

The pools are considered a modern technique for controlling the hydraulic jump by creating a drop followed by a rise in the bed level accompanied by a gradual expansion in the bed width as well. In this study both theoretical and experimental studies were performed in a radial stilling basin with an expansion ratio of 0.667. The studies were execut...

The HAD impacts, especially the changes to the river hydraulic geometry (width, depth, slope and channel pattern) are the main concern of scientists and engineers. These changes are indirect relation with the imposed discharges and sedimentation processes. In order to understand and predict future changes and responses due to future releases and hu...

Scour is one of the natural phenomenon that take place around bridge piers in any waterway. This increases of the project costs and requires more attention. Alternative scour reduction techniques are needed to minimize the scour. One of these techniques is using a collar around the bridge pier. This research is concerned with the non-cylindrical pi...

On the river Nile, Egypt, there are a number of main hydraulic structures such as, barrages and regulators; in addition, there are many branches and sub-branches across the irrigation canals network. The head regulators are exposed to formation of hydraulic jump causing erosion of the bed downstream, which can lead to failure of the hydraulic struc...

River training is process involving construction of structures across or along a river. The most common types of these training structures are groins. They are mainly used for bank protection against erosion and for channel rehabilitation and maintenance. The present study aims for simulating and predicting the flow pattern around non-submerged sin...

As a part of the Egyptian Government plan to develop the Northwest of the Gulf of Suez zone, constructing a new port at Elsukhna area was introduced, this project required a lot of studies to reach a successful design. One of the major design studies was the navigational study that was made to verify the layout and dimensions of the access channel,...

The cost of protection works at circular pipe outlets can be reduced using a suitable appurtenance to dissipate the excess energy in an efficient manor within a shorter length of the stilling basin. Some of the energy dissipators used for pipe oulets are the USBR type VI stilling basin, hydraulic jump type stilling basin and Garde's stilling basin....

As a part of the Egyptian Government's plan to develop the Northwest of the Gulf of Suez zone construction of a new port, at Elsukhna area was introduced. This project required a lot of studies to reach to a successful design. One of major design studies was the study of wave conditions, which was made to ensure a suitable protection from waves to...

The rate of erosion at Rosetta promontory represents the highest shoreline regression documented along the Egyptian Nile Delta coast. The objective of this study is to formulate and simulate alternatives interventions to protect the coast of Western Rosetta from erosion, and to determine the most effective engineering solution for shore-protection...

Longshore currents play the main role in sediment transport along the coast, Records for 14 years period from different stations at many places on both sides of Damietts promontory has been analysed. From these analyses the maximum and average longshore current velocity and their percentage of occurrence during each month and each season on both si...

Major beach erosion has been occurring along the Nile Delta shoreline. The erosion is primarily caused by diminished sediment transport in the River Nile due to construction of the Aswan high dam. Egyption and foreign experts have evaluated various shore protection methods since 1983. A summary of alternative shore protection methods, including off...