Galya Stavreva

Medical University Pleven · Experimental and clinical pharmacology

Recent studies have discovered that aryl-substituted pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolines have the potential to be highly active DPP IV inhibitors. In previous studies, we reported a novel synthetic approach for the construction of their sulfur-containing bioisosteric [1,4]thiazino[3,4-a]isoquinolines analogues, incorporating an additional aryl substituent....

A novel approach to the synthesis of 6-aryl-substituted benzo[a]quinolizidine analogues was developed in our lab, utilizing a reaction between 3,4-dihidroisoquinolines and monocyclic anhydrides. The synthetic pathway allows different substituents to be placed on position number 6 and also different heteroatoms to be placed on position number 2....

Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG), as a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid, has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-tumour, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer and hepatoprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of MAG on hapten-induced experimental colitis. MAG in doses of 30 and 5...

Lazaroid U-74389G is a synthetic 21-aminosteroid with free radical-scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of U-74389G on experimental 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid hydrate (DNBS)-induced colitis in Wistar rats. Five experimental groups were formed: a sham control group, a cont...

Introduction: Endocannabinoid system is involved in neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depression. The bilaterally olfactory bulbectomized rat is widely used as an animal model of depression. The removal of the olfactory bulbs produces behavioural, physiological, and neurochemical alterations resembling clinical depression. There is increasin...

Introduction. The widely used antiarrhythmic amiodarone (AD) has been linked to many health problems, including pulmonary toxicity. The objective of the study. In the present study we assessed the protective effect of 21-aminosteroid U-74389 G due to its antioxidative and membrane-stabilizing potency on amiodarone-induced pneumotoxicity in rats....

In this experiment we studied the role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmissions in the ascending reflex pathways in isolated rat colon. Partitioned organ bath, electrical field stimulation (EFS), drugs and isolated preparations were used to evaluate motor activity of (LM) and circular muscles (CM). Ascending motor responses of LM and CM were...

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are haematological diseases, characterized by clonal hematopoiesis. Hemostasis abnormalities are among the most critical and frequent complications, affecting the quality of life and a possible reason for death. Thrombotic complications are common and multifactorial. Our aim was to study some genetic thrombophilia...

Introduction. The role of neurotransmitter systems in the motor activity of longitudinal or circular muscles in autonomic regulation of the motility of the colon by the nervous system is unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the neurotransmitter implications in descending motility of longitudinal and circular muscles in rat colon. Method...

Harmonizing clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education in Europe is necessary to ensure that the prescribing competency of future doctors is of an uniform high standard. As there are currently no uniform requirements, our aim was to achieve consensus on key learning outcomes for undergraduate CPT education in Europe. We used a modified...

Obesity is one of the reasons for the development of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2. The mechanisms of both pathological conditions (obesity and diabetes) include the role of inflammation. It is well documented that the cytokines TNF-α and IL-1/β play a role as a pro-inflammatory cytokine in mechanisms of inflammation. Other cytoki...

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease which is characterized by a long-Term positive energy balance, and an accumulation of an excess fat tissue in the body Regulation of metabolism and appetite is a complex inter-linked process. The main hormones involved in the regulation of the appetite are leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin. Leptin and adiponecti...

The purpose of the present study was to examine in vitro the motor activity of longitudinal muscle (LM) based on local neuronal circuitry and ascending reflex pathways. The electrically-induced local and ascending motor responses of rat colonic LM were studied using partitioned three-compartment organ bath, electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40...

Background: The fruits of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot is extremely rich in biologically active polyphenols. Objective: We studied the protective effect of A. melanocarpa fruit juice (AMFJ) in a model of amiodarone (AD)-induced pneumotoxicity in rats. Materials and methods: AD was instilled intratracheally on days 0 and 2 (6.25 mg/kg). A...

The motor responses of anal canal in rat experimental model were fol- lowed as a display of the controlling role of descending recto-anal reflex path- ways on contraction/relaxation events underlying the evacuation activity. The nerve structures in the entire recto-anal segment-preparation mounted in two- compartment organ bath were excited by elec...

Electrically-elicited ascending and descending motor responses of longitudinal and circular muscles in experimental model of isolated segments of rat colon were recorded to characterize the involvement of orally and anally directed reflex pathways in underlying the motility of colonic region of the large intestine. Rectangular electrical stimuli (0...

We aimed to study the MnTnHex-2-PyP effect on some markers of lung antioxidant defence system in mice asthma model.The study was carried out on 28 C57B1/6 mice divided into four treatment groups: group 1 - controls; group 2 - injected and inhaled with ovalbumin; group 3 - treated with MnTnHex-2-PyP and inhaled with phosphate buffered saline; group...

Adenosine 5 I -triphosphate (ATP) has been considered to be the purine inhibitory neurotransmitter in gastrointestinal muscles. In this study we ex-amine the presence of ATP-containing structures in the rat large intestine. Using immunohistochemistry we demonstrated that nerve structures from the entire colon of the rat express immunoreactivity to...

Aim: We aimed to study the effect of a glutathione precursor, L-2-o{cyrillic}kh{cyrillic}o{cyrillic}thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTCA), on the lung antioxidant defense system in an animal asthma model. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 24 female C57BL/6 mice. The mice were divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 - control grou...

Disturbances of enteric nerve-mediated anorectal evacuation mechanisms have medical and social impact. The study aimed at further eliciting the contribution of cholinergic and nitrergic neurotransmission systems to modular nerve networks in different regions of Wistar rat anorectum. Electrical field stimulation (EFS, 0.8 ms, 40 V, 2, 5 or 10 Hz, 20...

To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathio...

The effect of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice (AMFJ) on indices of inflammation and fibrosis was studied in a model of amiodarone (AD)-induced pneumotoxicity in rats. AD was instilled intratracheally on days 0 and 2 (6,25 mg/kg as a 3,125 mg/mL water solution). AMFJ (10 mL/kg) was given orally to rats either from day 1 to day 10, or from day 11 to d...

The responses of preparations isolated in circular axis of rat anal region to electrical stimuli were followed as a display of the modular nerve network- mediated motor activity in the distal part of gut. Electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2-5-10 Hz, 20 s) elicited twitch-like frequency-dependent con- tractions of the circular muscle rings...

Background and objective: Iinvestigation of the effects of MnTnHex-2-PyP on some markers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation in an asthma mice model.Methods: The experiment was carried out on 24 female mice C57Bl/6, divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin (OVA); group 3, treated with MnTnHex-2-PyP and group...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

We evaluated the motor responses in recto-anal preparations obtained from rats, in terms of the excitation displayed by modules of nerve networks and descending distally directed pathways, when subjected to the mechanographic on-line technique, a partitioned organ bath, electrical stimulation (EFS, 0.8 ms, 5 Hz) and distension. EFS elicited modular...

Spontaneous and electrically-elicited motor activity was recorded by triple organ bath in rat segment-model preparation as display of excitation of local nerve networks and ascending or descending reflex pathways underlying contractile potency and functional coordination of colonic longitudinal and circular muscles. Spontaneous high-amplitude contr...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2–5–10 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor activity of circular mus-cle rings isolated from the rectum of rat as model preparations to display the excitation of local modules of nerve networks in the rectal regions of large intes-tine. Electrical stimulation elic...

Mechanographic on-line technique and electrical field stimulation (0.8 ms, 40 V, 2 Hz, 20 s) were used to evaluate the motor responses of longitudinal and circular muscles isolated from rat colon and rectum as model preparations to display excitation of local enteric nerve networks in the large intestine. The local responses of longitudinal muscle...

The evacuative motor responses of the anal canal and recto-anal reflexes during defecation were studied in an isolated rat recto-anal model preparation using (i) partitioned organ bath, (ii) electrical stimulation, (iii) balloon distension and (iv) morphological techniques. Electrical field stimulation applied to the anal canal or to the distal par...

Age-related changes in the nitric oxide-producing neurons in the rat recto-anal region were studied with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and morphometry. In 15-day-old rats the myenteric plexus of the distal rectum and anal canal, situated in the space between the longitudinal and circular mus...

PURPOSE of this study was to detect and analyze adverse drug reactions (ADR) to antimicrobial drugs in hospitalized patients. METHODS: An observational prospective study was carried out in two departments of University hospital, Pleven. Patients were included in order to their hospitalization in Gastroenterology and Nephrology Departments. Demograp...

The adverse drug reactions (ADR), as cause of hospital admissions or manifested during hospital stay, cause significant morbidity, mortality and expenses. Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are at a high risk for ADR and drug-drug interactions. Prospective pharmacovigilance study was conducted in the Clinic of Nephrology and Dialysis at Univ...

The action of dalargin and dalargin-canavanine on experimenral model of gastric ulcers induced by water-immersion stress in rats has been studied. Dalargin and dalargin-canavanine supress the formation of ulcers. The stronger antiulcer effects and the highest suppression of the ulcer index is shown at a dose 12.5 μg/kg for dalargin and dalargin-can...