Gabriele Salvato

• Laurea
• Italian National Research Council

At present graphene is the most exciting star in the materials science but graphene oxide, GO, that is its low-cost precursor attracts researchers from various fields because it is very easily produced at low cost. GO is an electrical insulator than can be transformed into graphene through the ‘reduction’ process. The oxygen functional groups it co...

Graphene-based materials have peculiar optical, electrical, mechanical and chemical properties, which make them useful for making thin films and thick sheets suitable for different needs. Matter physics, nuclear physics, microelectronics, biomedicine, engineering, agriculture and cultural heritage just represent some of the sectors in which these m...

Electrical measurements on a graphene field effect transistor (GFET) are presented and discussed for its characterization in vacuum and in air. In this last environment three low output power continuous wave (CW) led lasers and a UV lamp have been used to study the illumination effects at wavelengths from the near infrared (NIR) to red, green up to...

The ever-stronger attention paid to enhancing safety in the workplace has led to novel sensor development and improvement. Despite the technological progress, nanostructured sensors are not being commercially transferred due to expensive and non-microelectronic compatible materials and processing approaches. In this paper, the realization of a cost...

A compressible capacitive mechanical pressure sensor has been developed. Porous polydimethylsiloxane (p-PDMS) has been chosen as dielectric insulator because of its dielectric constant value. Gold nanoparticles have been embedded in p-PDMS to change the dielectric properties and to tune its elasticity. p-PDMS and its nanocomposite have been synthes...

The paper investigates the electrical properties of the junction between the graphene oxide (GO) and some metals (Cu and Au). A simple humidity sensor, based on the adsorption of water molecules on the GO/surface in a GO/Cu junction, is described. The GO was drop-casted as a thin film, 10 μm in thickness, on the metallic substrate. The junction ope...

In this article, we report a study carried out to understand how changes in environment and temperature, in which the graphene oxide (GO) film reduction occurs, alter the electrical properties of the resulting films. In fact, it is possible to improve the GO reduction efficiency by choosing suitable environment and temperature. To this purpose, thr...

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films can be employed as ion strippers in an accelerator. They show some advantages with respect to the graphite foils, due to their high thermal and electrical conductivity, low density, high mechanical resistance and high stability. Thin graphene oxide (GO) films with a sub-micron thickness have been synthesized and t...

Measurements of electrical conductivity were carried out at temperatures ranging between 77 K and 450 K on high vacuum thermal reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films. The investigated samples were characterized in composition and structure before being analyzed in terms of electrical conduction. Their electrical conductivity was also measured in air at...

In the present study, the effects of soft X-ray irradiation on graphene oxide (GO) films are discussed. In particular, by means of the XPS technique, it has been observed that even with a short exposure time GO is sensitive to the soft x-ray radiation. The X-ray radiation effects were investigated evaluating the C/O atomic ratio. Different irradiat...

The cold neutron imaging and diffraction instrument IMAT at the second target station of the pulsed neutron source ISIS is currently being commissioned and prepared for user operation. IMAT will enable white-beam neutron radiography and tomography. One of the benefits of operating on a pulsed source is to determine the neutron energy via a time of...

We have prepared novel nanohybrid Li2xMn1−xPS3/GO films consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and exfoliated MnPS3 nanosheets via an easy mixing protocol at room temperature. These films were investigated by SEM and AFM, as well as XRD, Raman and XPS spectroscopies, obtaining information about the nature of the interaction between MnPS3 and GO. In part...

This work presents the first neutron characterization of artefacts from the grave-goods of Kha and Merit, a unique cultural treasure of mankind and preserved at the Museo Egizio in Turin. This magnificent collection, discovered in the early years of last century, includes impressive amount of artefacts such as coffins, textiles, metallic and cerami...

Due to the well-known problem of 3He shortage, a series of different thermal neutron detectors alternative to helium tubes are being developed, with the goal to find valid candidates for detection systems for the future spallation neutron sources such as the European Spallation Source (ESS). A possible 3He-free detector candidate is a charged parti...

A cold neutron imaging and diffraction instrument, IMAT, is currently being constructed at the ISIS second target station. IMAT will capitalize on time-of-flight transmission and diffraction techniques available at a pulsed neutron source. Analytical techniques will include neutron radiography, neutron tomography, energy-selective neutron imaging,...

A new neutron imaging and diffraction facility, called IMAT, is currently being commissioned at the ISIS pulsed neutron spallation source. IMAT will take advantage of neutron time-of-flight measurement techniques for flexible neutron energy selection and effective energy discrimination. The instrument will be completed and commissioned within the n...

Droplet dynamics under non-uniform electric fields Francesco Aliotta1, Rosina C. Ponterio1, Gabriele Salvato1, Oleg Gerasimov2 1 CNR-Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 37, I-98158 Messina, Italy Email:aliotta@ipcf.cnr.it, web site: http://www.me.cnr.it 2 Department of General and Theoretical Physics, Odessa State Un...

Li2xMn1-xPS3 films have been synthesized by exfoliating MnPS3 through the successive intercalations of K+ and Li+ ions. Their dielectric response has been measured from 80 to 350 K in the frequency range of (102–106) Hz. The obtained data have been analyzed in terms of both complex permittivity ε* and the ac conductivity σ ac . The frequency depend...

The return of supercooled water to a stable equilibrium condition is an irreversible process which, in large enough samples, takes place adiabatically. We investigated this phenomenon in water by fast imaging techniques. As water freezes, large energy and density fluctuations promote the spatial coexistence of solid and liquid phases at different t...

We have measured the elastic moduli and the thermal expansion in permanently compacted B2O3 glasses whose structural transformations have been determined by Raman spectroscopy. Growing glass densification, obtained by melt-quenching under pressures in the GPa range, is mainly associated to the decrease of the population of boroxol rings (B3O6), the...

Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a widely adopted soft ionization method for mass spectroscopy (MS). In spite of the undeniable success of the technique, its mechanisms are difficult to be analytically modelled because the process is characterized by non-equilibrium conditions. The common belief is that the formation of gas-phase ions takes place a...

Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a widely adopted soft ionization method for mass spectroscopy (MS). In spite of the undeniable success of the technique, its mechanisms are difficult to be analytically modelled because the process is characterized by non-equilibrium conditions. The common belief is that the formation of gas-phase ions takes place a...

In this paper, we present the autofocusing system of the imaging instrument to be used on IMAT, a new neutron-imaging facility under construction at the ISIS (UK) target station 2. We have compared 16 different autofocus algorithms to select the one with the best performance. The algorithms have been evaluated by using both a qualitative analysis a...

When bulk water is cooled down into deeply supercooled state the high-frequency sound velocity exhibit a minimum. This strange behaviour, not observed in any other liquid, can be explained with anomalous temperature dependence of ultrasonic velocity (which decrease with decreasing temperature) and with a presence of the structural relaxation proces...

The influence of interactions between particle surface and host fluids in electrorheological suspensions is explored. It is observed that dispersions of nanosized particles of titania in octanoid acid exhibit an anomalously large electrorheologic effect when compared with a similar dispersion of micrometric particles or with a more conventional collo...

The influence of interactions between particle surface and host fluids in electrorheological suspensions is explored. It is observed that dispersions of nanosized particles of titania in octanoid acid exhibit an anomalously large electrorheologic effect when compared with a similar dispersion of micrometric particles or with a more conventional col...

This work highlights the peculiar electrorheological (ER) effect shown by suspensions of TiO2 nanoparticles (~ 5 nm) in octanoic acid. Such suspensions show a marked increase in viscosity already at very low applied fields (~ 400 V/mm). This has been attributed to the octanoic acid chemical nature and in particular to its fluidity and its capabilit...

Intercalation of 9-aminoacridine (9AA: C13H10N2) in thin films of exfoliated Li2x−yMn1−xPS3 has been performed by means of a solution approach starting from the hydrochloride salt of the organic species (9AAHCl: C13H10N2·HCl). The resulting nanocomposite Li2x−yMn1−xPS3(C13H11N2)y films have been investigated by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS...

We performed a Brillouin scattering experiment on deeply supercooled water and compared the results with similar literature data obtained both at the same and at higher values of the exchanged wave vector. The whole set of available experimental data can be well reproduced with the use of the generalized hydrodynamic model where all the involved th...

In spite of decades of efforts, the puzzle of understanding the anomalies of liquid water remains unsolved. Several plausible theoretical scenarios have been proposed, but distinguishing among them requires accessing temperatures below the homogeneous nucleation temperature Th, which for bulk water is an experimentally impossible task. A widely ado...

Manganese thiophosphate powders have been intercalated with sodium ions at two different intercalation times (150 min and 180 min) in order to evaluate the influence of this parameter on the dielectric properties of the obtained compounds labeled like Na2xMn1−xPS3. In particular, dielectric permittivity measures have been carried out as a function...

We present a single pixel prototype of a pixelated Bragg edge detector for neutron transmission measurements. The optical signal coming from a scintillator is collected by an optical fiber and is detected by an avalanche photodiode. A fast, Field Programmable Gate Array based, readout allows to obtain transmission spectra within reasonable acquisit...

Na0.88Mn0.56PS3compounds have been synthesized by starting from MnPS3 polycrystalline powders by means of a two-step cation-exchange process at a higher intercalation time than the one used for producing the literature reported Na0.62Mn0.69PS3 compounds. The obtained samples have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The res...

Na0.88Mn0.56PS3compounds have been synthesized by starting from MnPS3 polycrystalline powders by means of a two-step cation-exchange process at a higher intercalation time than the one used for producing the literature reported Na0.62Mn0.69PS3 compounds. The obtained samples have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The res...

The development of new instruments for the energy resolved neutron imaging at pulsed neutron sources requires the determination of the decay time of the signal from scintillator plates under working conditions. We present a new apparatus and a method for measuring the time response of various scintillators. After an evaluation of the apparatus accu...

Recent phenomenological studies have drawn attention to an appealing effect, observed for the first time in 1893, today known as water-bridge. The phenomenon has been ascribed to unknown properties of water. We report some experimental results showing that, contrary to a widely common belief, the phenomenon is not to be related with water neither w...

The dielectric response of the layered MnPS(3) compound intercalated with potassium ions has been investigated as a function of frequency and temperature. The dielectric behavior, examined between 240 and 375K and in the (20Hz-1MHz) frequency range, is characterized by a strong dispersion in the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant a...

Low-temperature specific heat and thermal conductivity measurements have been performed on cesium borate glasses as a function of cesium oxide content. We have found experimental evidence of a concurrent growth of specific heat and thermal conductivity with increasing Cs(+) content. This finding shows the existence of an uncommon relationship betwe...

Sodium intercalated manganese thiophosphate Na _0.62 Mn _0.69 PS ₃ powders have been synthesized by a two-step ion-exchange process. Dielectric measurements have been performed as a function of both temperature and frequency on the prepared samples in the 20–10⁶ Hz frequency range over the 78–350 K temperat...

Manganese thiophosphate MnPS(3) powders have been intercalated with potassium, cesium and sodium by means of an ion-exchange process which consists of one or two steps according to the, inserted alkali metal ion. Dielectric measurements have been carried out as, a function of both temperature and frequency on the prepared samples in the (20-10(6))...

A neutron tomography apparatus has been designed and installed at the Italian neutron experimental station (INES) at ISIS (UK). The instrument has a double aim: an additional opportunity for the INES users and a “bench test” for an instrument component that will be proposed for installation on some of the new neutron scattering instruments of Targe...

Polycrystalline powders of Na _2x Mn _1-x PS ₃ have been synthesized from layered MnPS ₃ material by successive ion-exchange intercalation of potassium and sodium ions. Their x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray excited Auger spectroscopy spectra have been measured at room temperature using Mg  ...

Measurements of low frequency Raman scattering and low temperature specific heat between 2 and 20 K have been performed in two glassy, heterocyclic polymer networks. The effective network densities of heterocyclic polymer networks are varied by changing the ratio of bi- and mono-functional isocyanate monomers, leaving the overall chemical structure...

A low-cost neutron imaging device has been tested on the Italian Neutron Experimental Station (INES) beamline at ISIS, the pulsed neutron source of Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK). This was originally planned for alignment purposes but it turned out that its use could be extended to neutron radiography. The preliminary results are promising and...

Cesium ions have been intercalated by ion exchange into layered manganese thiophosphate to produce Cs2xMn1−xPS3. Investigations have been conducted by x-ray diffraction analysis, IR absorption spectroscopy, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and dielectric spectroscopy. The XPS spectra, recorded at room temperature and at the Mn, P, and S 2p,...

The nature of the interactions between a representative room-temperature ionic liquid, namely 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF(4)]) and a common organic solvent, acetonitrile (CH(3)CN) has been investigated by means of Brillouin light scattering, over the whole concentration range and in the temperature range from -20 to 45...

Brillouin scattering experiments have been carried out on some mixtures of molecular liquids. From the measurement of the hypersonic velocities we have evaluated the adiabatic compressibility as a function of the volume fraction. We show how the quadratic form of the excess compressibility dependence on the solute volume fraction can be derived by...

Low-temperature specific heat and thermal conductivity measurements have been performed on (Cs2O)0.14(B2O 3)0.86 glass in the temperature range from 1.5 K to 30 K. The caesium ions, weakly bonded to the B-O framework, are able of low-frequency local oscillations and affect the vibrational dynamics in the region of the boson peak. A resonant scatter...

We present a new automatic system for Brillouin scattering experiments employing a double pass Fabry-Pérot interferometer. The main characteristics of the system are a new procedure for reaching and maintaining mirror parallelism over time and the complete automation of most of the tasks involved in a successful Brillouin scattering experiment. The...

Composite thin films of (C72H66N8O12S4)yLi2xMn1−xPS3 have been obtained through a solution approach by interacting the tosylate salt of the cationic water soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (H2T4) and MnPS3 exfoliated in the presence of lithium ions. The thin films have been investigated through x-ray diffraction (XRD), u...

Films of manganese thiophosphate (MnPS3) and Mn(III)T-4 porphyrin, obtained from a reaction of a colloidal suspension of MnPS3 nanosheets with an aqueous solution of the porphyrin, have been investigated by means of optical absorption and X-ray photoemission spectroscopies. Our attention is turned to the (300-850) nm range and to the C and N 1s, Mn...

Polycrystalline powders of the layered MnPS3 compound have been intercalated with K+ ions by ion-exchange to yield the K2xMn1 − xPS3 intercalate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been applied to learn about the electronic structure of this compound. In particular, we have studied the XPS spectra of the Mn 2p and 3p, P and S 2p, K 2p and 3p core...

Lithium intercalate thin films have been obtained from MnPS3 starting material and characterized by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique. The regions of Mn 2p and 3p, P and S 2p, and Li 1s core levels have been investigated. The analysis of the spectra has revealed the lack of nonequivalent atoms of Mn, P and S, and Li. The presence of sh...

The attenuation and velocity of ultrasonic waves of frequencies in the range of 10 to 70 MHz have been measured in (Li2O)x(B2O3)1−x borate glasses as a function of temperature between 1.5 and 300 K. Two distinct features characterize the attenuation behavior: (i) a plateau at temperatures below 10 K, (ii) a broad high-temperature peak. The former f...

By means of a Brillouin scattering experiment in methanol/CCl4 mixtures, deviations of the hyperacoustic parameters from the ideal behavior are studied as a function of concentration and of temperature. The experimental results are compared with the indication from a literature model describing the dependence of hypersonic velocity in weakly intera...

A Brillouin scattering experiment has been performed on the methanol/CCl4 mixture as a function of the concentration to test the hypothesis, recently suggested by Raman spectroscopy experiments, of some clustering effects. The obtained concentration dependence of the adiabatic compressibility diverges from that expected for an ideal mixture. The ob...

 The role played by the solvation water molecules on the macroscopically observed sol–gel transition in lecithin/cyclohexane/water reverse micelles is investigated by quasielastic neutron scattering, dielectric relaxation and conductivity measurements. The experimental results are juxtaposed to those from spherical Aerosol OT reverse micelles. It i...

Measurements of low-temperature specific heat (1.5-25 K) in glasses of the AgI-Ag2O-B2O3 system reveal that the AgI addition to the borate network enhances the deviations of Cp from a T3 behaviour. An explanation for this is given by considering AgI as responsible for the decreasing coherence of a network where the borate host matrix preserves its...

Measurements of low-temperature specific heat (1.5-25 K) in glasses of the AgI-Ag2O-B2O3 system reveal that the AgI addition to the borate network enhances the deviations of C p from a T 3 behaviour. An explanation for this is given by considering AgI as responsible for the decreasing coherence of a network where the borate host matrix preserves it...

Electrical properties of single crystals of the MnPSe3, CdPSe3, and CdPS3 layered compounds have been investigated by in-layer dc conductivity and photoconductivity measurements as a function of temperature. The observed dc conductivity dependence exhibits a semiconductor behavior for all three compounds in spite of their high resistivity values. A...

The NEMO.RD Project is a feasibility study of a km3 underwater telescope for high energy astrophysical neutrinos to be located in the Mediterranea Sea. At present this study concerns: i) Monte Carlo simulation study of the capabilities of various arrays of phototubes in order to determine the detector geometry that can optimize performance and cost...

Analysis of low temperature specific heat data (1.5 K-25 K) in two glasses of the AgI-Ag2O-B2O3 system reveals that the temperature dependencies of Cp are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of the Soft Potential Model. It has been also found that a decreasing connectivity of the network enhances the deviations of Cp from a T3 behavior. .

The mechanical characteristics in the region of the primary relaxation and the low-temperature specific heats have been measured in linear (bisphenol-A-poly-carbonate and polyurethane) and reticulated (a fully cross-linked heterocyclic network) amorphous polymers. The behaviours revealed have been analysed in order to throw light on their correlati...

A study of the mechanical characteristics and the low-temperature specific heat has been performed on a class of polymers whose crystallinity degree varies in a wide range, from a wholly amorphous to a highly crystalline structure. Typical features of the amorphous phase have been analyzed in order to shed further light on their correlations: the d...

The highest-energy measurement of ΔσL(pp) and the first ever measurement of ΔσL(p¯p), the differences between proton-proton and antiproton-proton total cross sections for pure longitudinal spin states, are described. Data were taken using 200-GeV/c polarized beams incident on a polarized-proton target. The results are measured to be ΔσL(pp)=-42±48(...

Surprisingly large polarizations in hyperon production by unpolarized protons have been known for a long time. The spin dynamics of the production process can be further investigated with polarized beams. Recently, a negative asymmetry AN was found in inclusive λ0 production with a 200 GeV/c transversely polarized proton beam. The depolarization DN...

The analyzing power A(N) in inclusive pi(-) and pi(+) production has been measured with a 200 GeV/c transversely polarized antiproton beam over a wide x(f) range (0.2 less than or equal to x(f) less than or equal to 0.9) and at moderate p(T) (0.2 less than or equal to p(T) less than or equal to 1.5 GeV/c). The asymmetry A(N) increases with increasi...

We present a method for the extraction of superquadric shape and position parameters from depth maps. The method, which is non-iterative, makes use of the information obtained from the 3-D silhouette of the objects in order to estimate shape parameters and center position. We discuss the applicability conditions and propose a measure of the reliabi...

The π0 inclusive and semi-inclusive, single-spin asymmetries have been measured using transversely polarized, 200-GeV/c proton and antiproton beams colliding with an unpolarized hydrogen target. The measured asymmetries are consistent with zero within the experimental uncertainties for the kinematic region -0.15<xF<+0.15 and 1<pT<4.5 GeV/c. Improve...

We report a large enhancement of 1.7 in deuteron polarization up to values of 0.6 due to frequency modulation of the polarizing microwaves in a two liters polarized target using the method of dynamic nuclear polarization. This target was used during a deep inelastic polarized muon-deuteron scattering experiment at CERN. Measurements of the electron...

Scintillating fibre technology has made substantial progress, and has demonstrated great potential for fast tracking and triggering at high luminosity experiments in Particle Physics. This talk presents some recent issues of the RD-17 project at CERN for fast and precise readout of scintillating fibre arrays, as well as for upgrade of position-sens...

The considerable polarization of hyperons produced at high {ital x}{sub {ital F}} has been known for a long time and has been interpreted with various theoretical models in terms of the constituents` spin. Recently, the analyzing power in inclusive {Lambda}{sup 0} hyperon production has also been measured using the 200 GeV/{ital c} Fermilab polariz...

Experimental results obtained with commercially available PSPMs coupled to 0.5-mm diameter scintillating fiber arrays show space resolution of < 200 μm and time resolution better than 1 ns with a detection efficiency of about 90%. In addition, the preliminary studies indicate the feasibility of separating double-tracks with a minimum distance of 3...

The single spin asymmetry for inclusive direct-photon production has been measured using a polarized proton beam of 200 GeV/c with an unpolarized proton target at -0.15 < x(F) < 0.15 and 2.5 < p(T) < 3.1 GeV/(c) at Fermilab. The data on the cross section for pp --> gamma X at 2.5 < p(T) < 3.8 GeV/c are also provided. The measurement was done using...

The 10-probe NMR system for measuring the polarization in the deuterated butanol target of the Spin Muon Collaboration is presented. It is calibrated by determining the integrated spectrum in thermal equilibrium at 1 K. Thermal stabilization and control of electromagnetic interference were effective in reducing drift and electronic noise, so that h...

The energy resolution, of electromagnetic sampling calorimeters using silicon mosaics as active medium, has been measured for Pb and Fe absorbers at incoming electron energies of 2, 4, and 6 GeV. The energy resolution, found for the Si/Pb and Si/Fe calorimeters, is well represented by σ(E)/E = K√τ/E(GeV), where τ is the sampling frequency and E the...

The analyzing power AN of proton-proton elastic scattering in the Coulomb-nuclear interference region has been measured using the 200-GeV/c Fermilab polarized proton beam. A theoretically predicted interference between the hadronic non-spin-flip amplitude and the electromagnetic spin-flip amplitude is shown for the first time to be present at high...

In a calorimeter with silicon readout, the use of a combination of low-Z (Fe) and high-Z (Pb) materials as absorbers allows the transformation of the electron energy distribution of the incident showers in two media with different critical energies via the filtering effect. As a result, the visible electromagnetic energy and consequently the value...

Int the present work the poly(ethylene oxide) complexed with the NaSCN salt dielectric response is analysed at various salt contents (3%, 11% and 22%) with temperature ranging from 90 to 300 K and frequency from 20 Hz to 2 kHz. Previous studies of the ϵ″ experimental data have shown the γ-peak followed by a rapid increase of the dielectric function...

In a calorimeter with silicon readout, the use of a combination of low-Z (Fe) and high-Z (Pb) materials as absorbers enables the transformation of the electron energy distribution of the incident showers in two media with different critical energies via the filtering effect. As a result, the electromagnetic energy value can be substantially reduced...

We report on the first measurement of the spin-dependent structure function g1d of the deuteron in the deep inelastic scattering of polarised muons off polarised deuterons, in the kinematical range 0.006<x<0.6, 1 GeV2<Q2<30 GeV2. The first moment, , is smaller than the prediction of the Ellis-Jaffe sum rules. Using earlier measurements of g1p, we i...

Real and imaginary dielectric spectra of pure, and sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) salt complexed polyethylene oxide (PEO) have been measured as a function of temperature in the region of the relaxation peak. The results support previous assumptions; the concentration of the amorphous phase and the conductivity depend on the salt content. In this temper...

In this work, we present the results from dielectric measurements on soybean lecithin/isooctane/water gel. The pure solvent and the solution of lecithin in isooctane are also investigated for comparison. A low-frequency dielectric dispersion of the complex permittivity epsilon* is evidenced in the gel and analyzed within the framework of the phenom...

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The spin asymmetry A(N) for inclusive pi0 production by 200-GeV transversely-polarized protons on a liquid hydrogen target has been measured at Fermilab over a wide range of x(F), with 0.5 < p(T) < 2 GeV/c. At x(F) > 0. 3, the asymmetry rises with increasing x(F) and reaches a value of A(N) = 0.15 +/- 0.03 in the region 0.6 < x(F) < 0.8. This resul...

The condition for obtaining a calorimetric response linear with energy for hadronic showers and an energy resolution that improves as the incident energy increases is the equalization of the electromagnetic (e) and the hadronic (π) signal responses. This equalization is obtained by exploiting a local hardening effect realized through the insertion...

In a calorimeter with silicon readout, operated at the CERN-Proton Synchrotron, the use of a combination of low-Z (Fe) and high-Z (Pb) materials as absorbers allows the transformation of the electron energy distribution of the incident showers in two media with different critical energies via the filtering effect. As a result, a ratio varying from...

A measurement of the single-spin asymmetry AN in p↑ + p→π0 + X at 200 GeV with xF = 0 shows a transition in the production process from a regime with AN = 0, through an intermediate region of negative asymmetry, to a regime with AN > 0.3. This transition occurs at xT ≈ 0.4 and is consistent with xT-scaling of AN in pion production using polarized b...

The spin asymmetryA N for inclusive 0 production by 200-GeV transversely-polarized protons on a liquid hydrogen target has been measured at Fermilab over a wide range ofx F, with 0.5p Tx F>0.3, the asymmetry rises with increasingx F and reaches a value ofA N=0.150.03 in the region 0.6x F