Gábor Tarcali

• Senior Researcher at University of Debrecen

During this research, the corn leaf aphids endosymbiotic bacterial diversity was tested in the same crop systems (monoculture industrial maize as grain for livestock) and the same soil type (Chernozem) when pre-crop pesticide management was used. Bacterial symbionts were analyzed using Illumina systems, and the Silva 16S NR99 V138.2 database was us...

Chestnuts (Castanea spp.) are widely cultivated in Europe, the United States, and some parts of Asia for their culinary and therapeutic properties, as well as their contributions to biodiversity through hardwood forests. However, chestnut productivity is severely threatened by both abiotic and biotic factors, with chestnut blight disease, caused by...

A fitoplazmák által okozott betegségek világszerte számos növénykultúrában előfordulnak, és egyre súlyosabb veszteségeket okoznak mind a zöldség- és gyümölcskertészet, mind szántóföldi növénytermesztés számára, de vadon élő fás- és lágyszárú növényeken is megjelenhetnek. Napjainkban világszerte számos olyan fontos termesztett növényen diagnosztizál...

A homoktövisből (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) készült termékek hazánkban is egyre nagyobb népszerűségre tesznek szert. A termésében számos nélkülönözhetetlen ásványi anyag és vitamin található. Az országban előforduló homoktövis károsító gombákról nincsenek széleskörű ismereteink. Sem a kórokozók jelenlétéről, sem azok elterjedéséről. Egy Hajdú-Bihar v...

Aspergillus flavus is a mycotoxigenic fungus that possesses the ability to produce aflatoxins. This fungus is a common soil fungus and is predominantly saprotrophic, growing on dead plant tissue in the soil. The species is also a facultative parasite on a broad range of plants and often colonizes oil-rich seeds, such as corn, peanuts, cottonseed, a...

Leaf rust is caused by Puccinia triticina and stem rust is caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. triticina are common rust diseases of wheat(Triticum aestivum. L). Leaf rust occurs more regularly and in more worldwide regions than stem rust of wheat (P. graminis f. sp. tritici )or stripe rust of wheat ( P. striiformis f. sp. tritici). The environmental...

139 in the region had been continuously increasing and in 2022 it reached more than 28,000. The use of the traps increased the efficiency of pesticide use over 16,000 hectares of the region, which resulted in an additional profit of 30-50 US dollars/hectare/year. Further studies on the pest populations and the use of beneficial organisms instead of...

Cryphonectria parasitica is the causal agent of chestnut blight disease. The fungus is one of the most important pathogens of Castanea spp. but also endangers other tree species of the Fagaceae plant family (oakspecies, beech). The pathogen is native to eastern Asia and is widely present in North America and many European countries. European chestn...

The Hungarian Chamber of Professionals and Doctors of PlantProtection is one of the professional chambers that operates based onthe principles of self-governing, as a public body of plant protectionengineers and plant doctors in Hungary. This chamber organizes andmanages some public functions related to plant protection engineeringactivities. The C...

This study investigates the impact of NPK fertilizer levels on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonization in maize roots under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. The objective is to optimize fertilizer application to enhance AMF colonization and maize growth. A split-plot experimental design with two NPK fertilizer levels and control is...

A közönséges vagy európai mogyoró (Corylus avellana) Magyarországon őshonos cserje. Egyik jól ismert betegsége az a lisztharmat, amely rendszerint a levelek fonákán fejleszti telepe­it és az új fertőzéseket eredményező, egysejtű konídium-tömegét. Az áttelelésre készülve a gomba apró, barna-fekete színű, gömbszerű, zárt termőtesteket képez. A közelm...

Kutatásunk célja volt felderíteni, hogy a napraforgó-kultúra szabályos növény-védelmi technológiája milyen hatással lehet a mézelő méhekre, mivel sajnos hosszú múltú nézeteltérés húzódik a gaz-dák és a méhészek között. Ennek hátteré-ben sok esetben a méhmérgezések állnak, amelyek-mint tudjuk-gyakoriak a napraforgó virágzása idején. De tud-nunk kell...

A kísérletbe vont méhcsaládok állapotáról és a fiasítások mennyiségéről elmondhat-juk, hogy egyik telephelyen sem tapasz-taltunk méhmérgezésre utaló jeleket, sem jelentős különbséget a két vizsgált állomány között. Az itt látható táblázatokból ez jól látszik (1. táblázat). A KÓRTANI VIZSGÁLAT EREDMÉNYEI A monitoring előtt atkafertőzöttséggel nem le...

A szilva levélbolha (Cacopsylla pruni, Hemiptera, Psyllidae) az egyetlen vektora a 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum' fitoplazmának, ami a "csonthéjasok európai sárgasága" (European Stone Fruit Yellows, ESFY) nevű betegség kórokozója. Az ESFY termesztett Prunus fajokban-hazánkban elsősorban kajszibarackban-számottevő pusztítást végez. A betegség egy...

The colour preference of the plum psyllid, Cacopsylla pruni (Hemiptera, Psyllidae), is yet poorly studied. This species is the only known vector of the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’, the agent of European stone fruit yellows (ESFY), a devastating disease of several cultivated Prunus species in Europe. As ESFY is still uncurable, vector control,...

Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight, is a destructive Ascomycota fungal disease infecting European chestnut (Castanea sativa) and American chestnut (Castanea dentata) trees. On susceptible host trees, necrotic lesions (cancers) are caused by the disease on the bark of the trunk and branches. The disease leads to wilting an...

Chemical plant protection began to develop rapidly after the II. World War and became a defining factor of agriculture. However, it soon became clear that these substances also have very serious dangers. Under its influence, the most dangerous substances began to be withdrawn. However, their complete withdrawal does not seem to be professionally ju...

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which causes white mold, is a widespread pathogen. In 2020, a new host plant of this fungus, the wa tercress (Nasturtium officinale) was identified in Hungary in an aquaponic system. During the cultivation of watercress S. sclerotiorum was detected on the plant, the fungus caused a 30% yield loss. Fungicides should not be...

Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are two significant fungal pathogens of sunflower. M. phaseolina causes charcoal rot and ashy stem blight in several important crop species. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold disease which can occur as middle stalk rot, head rot and premature plant death. Due to the wide host range of th...

Macrophomina phaseolina is a globally widespread fungal pathogen. The fungus has a very wide range of hosts. Under optimal conditions, M. phaseolina can cause serious damage tothe host plants. In this study, the mycelial compatibility of different M. phaseolina isolates was investigated. From 2019 to 2021, 12 sunflower samples were collected from d...

Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) is an aquatic dicotyledonous vegetable belonging to Brassicaceae (Aiton 1812). Watercress was grown in an aquaponic system on fired clay ball medium at the Aquaponic Research Station of the University of Debrecen, in the city of Debrecen (Hungary). During January 2020, 3-month-old plants showed symptoms in aquapon...

A fehérpenészes rothadást okozó Sclerotinia sclerotiorum gomba világszerte széles körben elterjedt kórokozó. Magyarországon 2020-ban egy új gazdanövénye került beazonosításra, a vízitorma (Nasturtium officinale). A vízitorma akvapóniás rendszerben történő termesztése során detektáltak S. sclerotiorum gombát a növényen, ami 30%-os termésveszteséget...

NÖVÉNYORVOS KÉPZÉS DEBRECENBEN Debrecen, 2021 Tartalom Nagy István:A növényorvosok szerepvállalása a hazai agráriumban 8 Jordán László:A hazai növényvédelmi szabályozásról (Egy Debrecenben végzett növényvédelmi szakmérnök gondolatai) 13 Kajati István: Növényorvos a horizonton: a magyar „növényorvos foglalkozás” megteremtésének története, mérföldkö...

This chapter shows the history and efforts of the Hungarian Universities in the practical introduction for plant doctors' education in Hungary."

A proposal has been officially applied for authorities and policy-makers to entitle "doctor phytomedicinae universæ" in a shortened form "dr. phytomed. univ." for plant doctors, similarly to "dr. med. univ.", "dr. med. vet.", "dr. pharm." or "dr. jur."

This chapter manages the story and process of "Plant Doctor MSc" and "Postgraduate Specialists for Plant Doctor" education at the University of Debrecen, which are collective call as "Plant Doctors". After the graduation of BSc in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, biology or chemistry (3 years) is available to start an MSc course for Plant Docto...

This chapter summarizes the 26 years history of national (26 TNF) and included the international (9 IPPS) Plant Protection Symposia at the University of Debrecen, Hungary between 1996 and 2021.

Plant diseases caused by phytoplasmas have increasing importance worldwide. „Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum” (formerly: European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma; ESFY) has now become the biggest problem in apricot growing in many European countries. In the early 2000s, symptoms of the disease began to be experienced en masse by apricot growers in...

This chapter introduces professor Béla Pénzes, entomologist, horticulturalist. The laudation overview his rich activity in teaching, research, and social fields.

This chapter introduces professor Miklós Tóth, entomologist, senior researcher of chemical communication of insects. The laudation overview his rich activity in teaching, research, and social fields.

In Hungary, sunflower is the third most important arable crop, which has a lot of pathogenic fungi. One of these fungi is the Macrophomina phaseolina, which is a well-known fungus in all over the world, since this pathogen has more than 700 host plants. In Hungary, several host plants can be found as well. The M. phaseolina produces microsclerotia,...

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is found on all five crop-growing continents. In hot and dry seasons, this fungus is capable of causing considerable damage. In this study, mycelial compatibility of M. phaseolina isolates was investigated. In total the 30 samples collected were tested to examine their compatibility. The sunflower samples exami...

A Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich [synanamorph: Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenhaus) E.J. Butler] növénykórokozó gombát hazánkban 1970-ben írták le először. A kórokozónak világszerte 700 gazdanövénye ismert. Elterjedési zónája főleg a melegebb, trópusi-és szubtrópusi égövben található jellemzően, azonban a gomba fokozatos melegedés követke...

A hazai szójatermesztés jelentősége a felhasználás és takarmányfehérje szempontjából meghatározó, amelyet az is befolyásol, hogy állattenyésztésünk a fajösszetétel tekintetében (sertés és baromfi) ugyancsak a szójára utalt. A világ szója termésének 70%-a GM növény, az USA-ban ez 50%, Brazíliában és Argentínában 16-16%. Magyarország 4-600 ezer t/év...

Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr (syn: Endothia parasitica Murill) is one of the most important pathogens of Castanea spp. and causes the chestnut blight disease.

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich [synanamorph: Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenhaus) E.J. Butler] is one of the most important pathogen of sunflower and causes the charcoal rot and ashy stem blight of several important crop species. This fungus has more than 700 dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plant species in all over the world. This pa...

The efficiency of fungicides against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich [synanamorph: Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenhaus) E.J. Butler] was not observed in Hungary. Our examination were tested 6 different fungicides against the pathogen in vitro. Number of stock solutions with various concentrations of fungicides were tested at 10 ppm, 20 ppm...

European Stone Fruit Yellows (ESFY) phytoplasma disease causes an increasing amount of damage. This is especially true to the Gönci growing region. The insect vector of the disease, which has been shown to have a vector role during transmission experiments, is the plum psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni). In 2018, during the swarming period of plum psyllid,...

In Hungary sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is the third main field crop, and more than 500.000 hectares are beeing growned. Several pathogen fungi able to infect the sunflower: Plasmopara halstedii, Phoma macdonaldi, Diaporthe helianthi, Alternaria sp. Septoria helianthi, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Macrophomina phaseolina. These fungi cause serious...

n a MAE Növény-védelmi Társaság Növényorvosi Bizottsága kezdeményezésére megrendezésre került a humánorvosok, állatorvosok és növény-védő mérnökök/növényorvosok I. Országos Fóruma "Egészségünkért-Környezetünkért" mottóval. Akkor a három szakmai kamara, illet ve előd szervezetei úgy ítélték meg, hogy szük ség van egy olyan fórum megrendezésére, ahol...

European Stone Fruit Yellows(ESFY) phytoplasma disease on apricot was identified by molecular methods for the first time in 1992 in Hungary. Currently, the pathogen is known as’ Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum’. Since, the pathogen become wide-spreaded and manyof the apricot-plantations had to be eliminated. In 2009 and 2010 in the countryside of Boldogkő...

The European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) phytoplasma disease caused by pathogen ’Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum’ induces serious damages in cherry, sour cherry, peach, and apricot orchards mostly in Europe. Its known vector is the plum psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni). Many articles report on the biology (morphology, taxonomy, life cycle etc.) and the method of...

The supervision of plant hygiene of sweet chestnut grove on Pécsbánya (South Hungary) started more than four years ago. Hypovirulent strains were applied as a biological process to control Cryphonectria parasitica fungus which causes the chestnut blight disease. By now the performed interventions have shown obvious results, the vitality of the tree...

The first European appearance of american grapevine leafhopper (Scaphoideus titanus), which is the vector of Grapevine Flavescence Dorée phytoplasma (‘Ca. Phytoplasma vitis’), were detected in France in 1924. The leafhopper has been distributed since 2006 in Hungary and now it occurs in the whole country, while the first record of the phytoplasma w...

The Public Utility for Development of Crop Protection Teaching (NOFKA) and The Hajdú-Bihar County Regional Association of Hungarian Chamber of Crop Protection Specialists and Plant Doctors established a joined Award Committee in 2011, which intend to serve as moral appreciation to prominent persons with excellent achievements by awarding the „Antal...

The ascomycetous fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) is one of the most important fungal pathogens of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), causing chestnut blight. It is originated from Eastern Asia and was introduced into North America, and later into Europe. Almost 100 C. parasitica isolates were collected mainly from the Carpathian Basin to stu...

The Public Utility for Development of Crop Protection Teaching (NOFKA) and The Hajdú-Bihar County Regional Association of Hungarian Chamber of Crop Protection Specialists and Plant Doctors established a joined Award Committee in 2011, which intend to serve as moral appreciation to prominent persons with excellent achievements by awarding the „Antal...

An incrreasing problem have to face stone fruit producers especially in North-East Hungarian Apricot Growing Region called Gönc. A foreign merkanter make growers to plant his imported nursery materilas without ESFY control for a decade. Since than the occurrence of disease has horribly increased in spite of very low level of former infection, and i...

A szőlő aranyszínű sárgaság (Grapevine flavescence dorée (FD)) betegségét terjesztő amerikai szőlőkabócát (Scaphoideus titanus) Európában először Franciaországban 1924-ben mutatták ki. A faj Magyarországon a 2006-os megjelenése óta folyamatos terjedést mutat. A terjesztett fitoplazmás betegség, ami minden szőlővel foglalkozó gazdálkodó számára vesz...

Grapevine flavescence dorée (FD) was detected first in Hungary in 2013 in Zala County (South-West-Hungary). The disease is a serious danger for grapevine growing and grapevine propagating production. In 2014, the pathogen has been found in several new places in Hungary, viz. in Vas and Fejér Counties, and it was also detected in the former location...

The chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica is a native pathogen in East Asia and has been introduced into North America and Europe. Historical records and population genetic studies revealed at least three major introduction events from Asia into Europe. Nowadays, chestnut blight is present in almost the entire distribution range of Europe...

A szelídgesztenye kéregrákosodását okozó Cryphonectria parasitica gomba egy kelet-ázsiai eredetű, az amerikai és az európai kontinensre behurcolt kórokozó. Adatok és populáció genetikai vizsgálatok is bizonyítják, hogy európai behurcolása 3 különféle időpontban és helyszínre történt. Napjainkban ez a kórokozó gyakorlatilag az európai kontinens mind...

The ascomycete fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr, is an important fungal pathogen of chestnut in Europe and North America. The fungus grows into the bark up to the cambium, causing typical diffuse cancers and the death of distal parts of the trunks or branches. The pathogen kills the infected tree branches and the rapid death of the ent...

Cryphonectria parasitica is a severe invasive pathogen of both European sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) and American chestnut (C. dentate). The pathogen spread throughout North America and Europe wherever chestnuts are grown. In addition to sweet chestnut, oak species (Quercus spp.) also are affected by the fungus. Bark samples were collected on 2...

A szőlő aranyszínű sárgaság (Grapevine flavescence dorée, FD) betegséget először 2013. augusztusában mutatták ki Zala megyében. A betegség a szőlőtermesztők és a szőlő szaporítóanyag előállítók számára egyaránt nagy veszélyt jelent. A kórokozót 2014-ben már Vas és Fejér megyében, valamint a korábbi Zala megyei előfordulás helyén is megtalálták. A k...

Plant diseases caused by phytoplasmas have an increasing importance all over the world for fruit growers. Lately, phytoplasma diseases occur on many fruit species and are responsible for serious losses both in quality Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum) was reported first from France in Europe in 1924. Then, the pathogen spread in all European apricot...

A Magyar Növényvédő Mérnöki és Növényorvosi Kamara hazánk mintegy 3000 növényvédő mérnökének, növényorvosának önkormányzati alapon működő köztestülete. A Kamarát életre hívó 2000. évi LXXXIV. törvény felhatalmazásánál és abban meghatározott kötelezettségénél fogva szervezi a növényvédő mérnöki és növényorvosi tevékenység gyakorlásával összefüggő eg...

A szelídgesztenye (Castanea sativa) egyik legjelentősebb betegsége a szelídgesztenye kéregrák. A súlyos és rendszerint teljes pusztulással végződő betegség előidézője a Cryphonectria parasitica aszkomikóta gomba. A betegség nem kizárólag a szelídgesztenyét támadja meg, észlelték már többek között a kocsányos tölgyön is, de itt a betegség lefolyása...

In Hungary, chambers as public bodies have serious importance in organizing and managing some public functions related to several professions. There are two main economic chambers in Hungary (the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry; and the Hungarian National Chamber of Agriculture), and there are several professional chambers. The Hungarian...

Plant diseases caused by phytoplasmas have an increasing importance for fruit growers. Apricot phytoplasma disease ("Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum") was first reported from France in Europe, in 1924 from. In 1992, the disease was identified in Hungary. Based on the growers' signals serious damages of "Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum" (Seemüller and Schn...

A fekete bodza évezredek óta ismert fontos gyógynövény, és kiváló természetes színező anyag. Magyarországon 1977-ben indult termesztése, és mára közel 3000 ha-on termesztik. A számos károsító által veszélyeztetett növény védelmére nagyon kevés engedélyezett növényvédő szer áll rendelkezésre, mivel a fekete bodza az úgynevezett kis kultúrák közé tar...

The Cryphonectria parasitica (MURR.) BARR fungus is one of the most serious chestnut disease in Europe and North America. It originated from Eastern Asia and it was introduced into North America at the beginning of 20th century where it devastated the American chestnut (Castanea dentata, Fagaceae, Fagales) causing serious damage in orchards and in...

Occurrence of stone fruit yellows phytoplasma disease („Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum”) in Hungary, Central Europe. Abstracts 24-IL. International Conference on Mycology and Plant Pathology. February 27-29, 2012, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. 21.

Chryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr, the casual agent of chestnut blight disease, which is one of the most important fungal pathogens of chestnut (Castanea sativa). The disease seriously affected the chestnut in Northern-America and in Europe as well. It is important to mention that the pathogen does not only infect the chestnut but oak species...

In 2011 a very rare occurence of leaf curl (leaf blaster) disease symptoms of apricot (pathogen: Taphrina deformans) was observed in different apricot plantations in Eastern-Hungary (Debrecen-Józsa, Hajdú-Bihar county) and Northern-Hungary (Bekecs district, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county). The pathogen is common on peach and nectarine resulting seriou...

A Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr az elmúlt évtizedek során megkérdőjelezhetetlenül a szelídgesztenye (Castanea sativa) legsúlyosabb kórokozójává vált. Gyakorlatilag a betegség megállíthatatlanul söpört végig Észak Amerikán, majd egész Európán. Fontos megemlíteni azt is, hogy nemcsak a szelídgesztenye fenyegetett a betegség által, hanem a töl...

Plant diseases caused by phytoplasmas have increasing importance in all over the world for fruit growers. Lately, phytoplasma diseases occur on many fruit varieties and responsible for serious losses both in quality and quantity of fruit production. In the long-run these diseases cause destruction of fruit trees. The apricot phytoplasma disease (Ca...

A fitoplazmás eredetű betegségek világszerte egyre komolyabb problémákat okoznak a termesztőknek. Az utóbbi időben különösen a gyümölcsfák fitopazma által okozott pusztulásai jelentenek komoly veszélyt a gyümölcstermesztésben a termés minőségének csökkentésével, komoly termésveszteséggel, a fák élettartamának rövidülésével, pusztulásával. A kajszi...

Chestnut blight disease caused by the Cryphonectria parasitica fungus [syn: Endothia parasitica] resulted in big damages of the chestnut stands throughout the World. In 1969, disease symptoms were reported first on chestnut in the Carpathian-Basin, in Hungary. Until 1998, the fungus was detected only on chestnut in the Carpathian-Basin. Then blight...