Fuxing Wang

Fuxing Wang
Central China Normal University · School of Psychology

Ph. D.

About

66
Publications
19,336
Reads
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808
Citations
Introduction
Fuxing Wang currently works at the School of Psychology, Central China Normal University. His research interests focus on learning with videos and animations, digital media and children's learning. His current project is 'National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant'.

Publications

Publications (66)
Article
This study examined whether an internet source’s history of inaccuracy influences children’s epistemic trust in online information. Chinese children aged 4 to 8 years (N = 84; 41 girls and 43 boys) accessed information on their own from an image-based website, heard information from the internet that was relayed by an adult, or viewed a person in a...
Article
Children are increasingly using educational apps, but little research has been conducted to determine their effectiveness. The current study compared the effect of an interactive touchscreen app to the effect of a noninteractive video about the app on young children's Chinese characters learning and executive functions (EFs). In a mixed between-wit...
Article
When faced with different epistemic authorities, identifying information quality is important for children's knowledge acquisition. The current study explored how explanation quality influences children's trust in two types of epistemic authorities: a person and a book. Chinese children ages 5, 7, and 9 (n = 133; 73 girls) were presented with scien...
Article
Background: The viewing perspective effect refers to the finding that students learn better from instructional videos recorded from first-person perspective than third-person perspective, but little is known about the neural mechanism underlying this effect. Aims: This study investigates the underlying neural mechanism of the viewing perspective ef...
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Although gesturing onscreen instructors are widely included in video lectures, it is still unclear whether, when, and how they are conducive to learning. To clarify this issue, we conducted a set of three-level meta-analyses of 662 effect sizes from 83 articles, spanning Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, Education Research Complete, ProQuest Disserta...
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When solving mathematical problems, young children will perform better when they can use gestures that match mental representations. However, despite their increasing prevalence in educational settings, few studies have explored this effect in touchscreen-based interactions. We thus investigated the impact on young children’s performance of draggin...
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Given the increasing prevalence of touchscreen devices that are intended for educational purposes, this study explored children’s transfer of learning from touchscreen media compared with video and offline face-to-face learning. Seventy-six 5- to 6-year-old Chinese kindergarten children (M=68.21months, SD=3.57, Range=62-76 months, 30 boys, 46 girls...
Article
Background Although adding embodied instructors on the screen is considered an effective way to improve online multimedia learning, its effectiveness is still controversial. The level of realism of embodied onscreen instructors may be an influencing factor, but it is unclear how it affects multimedia learning. Aims We explored whether and how embo...
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Background Two generative learning activities aimed at improving students' learning are explaining learning materials to oneself or to others. Although these techniques have been shown to improve learning outcomes, there is less evidence concerning the role of brain activity during learning. Aims This study explored the effects of these techniques...
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This study examined whether having the instructor wear a mask during a video lecture affects learning. In Experiment 1, college students watched an instructional video on the formation of lightning, in which an instructor who either did or did not wear a mask as she stood next to slides and lectured. Learners' learning outcomes did not differ signi...
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This study mainly explores the effects of different types of prompts on the learning-by-teaching process and learning outcomes. Experiment 1 replicated learners who used learning-by-teaching strategies performed better than those who restudied. Experiment 2 included four conditions: picture prompts, text prompts, keyword prompts, and no prompts. Th...
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This study investigated the effectiveness of visual training or verbal training on how to use a text‐picture processing strategy for learning from computer‐based multimedia instructional material. Sixty‐nine university students were randomly assigned to the verbal training group (students received text‐based instruction for a text‐picture processin...
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Background Little is known about the effectiveness of instructors when presenting content in videos alone. In recent years, researchers have increasingly begun to explore the effects of instructors' social cues (e.g., eye gaze, body orientation, etc.) on learning. However, previous studies exploring the effects of eye gaze have confounded the role...
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The instructor’s eye gaze can serve as an important social cue in video lectures. The current study used two sets of three-level meta-analyses to explore the effects of the instructor’s guided gaze or the instructor’s direct gaze on learning outcomes, fixation time, perception of parasocial interaction, and cognitive load. A total of eight meta-ana...
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Learning by enacting is a generative learning activity that allows students to engage in task-relevant movements, such as manipulating objects. There are different theories to explain learning by enacting: embodied cognition theory and generative learning theory support the positive effect while cognitive load theory provides evidence for negative...
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The spatial contiguity principle is that people learn and perform better when corresponding printed text and graphics are placed near rather than far from each other on the screen or page. This is a well-established design principle in multimedia learning. However, there is insufficient research to establish the appropriate distance between text an...
Article
Characters in educational videos have been shown to help children learn and transfer knowledge. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of realism and familiarity of characters on children’s video learning. The participants were 90 4- to 6-year-olds. The children watched a video in which a character demonstrated how to construct simple ge...
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Learning-by-teaching is a generative learning strategy in which students are asked to teach what they are learning to others (Fiorella & Mayer, 2015). In this study, college students watched a multimedia lesson on chemical synaptic transmission with instructions that afterward they would explain the materials by making a lecture video (teach-to-cam...
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Background Learning‐by‐teaching is a generative learning strategy in which students are told they will have to teach what they are learning to others. Although learning‐by‐teaching has been shown to be effective in some cases, few studies have established guidelines for how to optimize the benefits of learning‐by‐teaching as a generative learning s...
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Learning by non-interactive teaching refers to learners play the role of teachers and teach what they have learned to others. The retrieval practice hypothesis, the generative learning hypothesis, and the social presence hypothesis explained the positive effects of learning by non-interactive teaching from the perspectives of memory consolidation,...
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Electronic storybooks are increasingly popular with preschoolers. The purpose of our research was to investigate the effects of interactive and multimedia features in electronic storybooks on preschoolers' learning. We assigned 4- to 6-year-old children to different reading conditions in two experiments. Children were required to complete tests for...
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Background How to improve learning with online multimedia lessons has attracted widespread concern. Prior studies have attempted to help students learn by breaking a video lesson into several segments. However, there has been a debate about whether learners can use pause time effectively and whether prompting them to engage in different types of ge...
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Two experiments examined the effects of a pedagogical agent's (PA's) pointing gestures, eye gaze, and eye contact on learning processes (measured by learners' eye fixations on relevant elements) and learning outcomes (as measured by retention and transfer test scores) with a multimedia lesson on neural transmission. In Experiment 1, having the PA l...
Article
The eye gaze of instructors is an important but easily overlooked element in video-based learning environments. The importance of the potential roles of eye gaze can be explained by several theories, such as parasocial theory and social agent theory. These theories suggest that an instructor’s eye gaze in video-based learning environments can promo...
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In recent years, the growing popularity of smart speakers (e.g., Google Home and Alexa) has facilitated young children’s interaction with internet-based devices and provided them with more opportunities to obtain access to online information. This review summarizes the current state of the research by examining smart speakers’ core characteristics,...
Article
Prior studies have shown that children can select and evaluate information based on the previous accuracy of an informant. The current study examines how 5- to 6-year-old kindergarteners (N = 46) and 7- to 8-year-old second-graders (N = 48) in China judge scientific information provided by the internet or a teacher, and how a source's history of in...
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The segmentation principle is an important principle to promote learning in multimedia and video learning. This study explored the effects of testing and feedback on segmentation. Experiment 1 compared two conditions of watching segmented video and testing during segmented pauses. Results showed that testing during pauses improved learning performa...
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With the increasing popularity of online teaching, online platforms such as MOOC have been one of the research focuses for educational researchers all over the world. However, online courses still face many challenges. The most noticeable challenge is the higher than usual dropout rate. It is reasonable to assume that these challenges are likely du...
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Background With the rapid popularization of e‐learning, how to improve online learning has aroused widespread concern. A human‐like pedagogical agent (PA) that displays eye gaze and gestures, is often added to online multimedia lessons to increase social connection and improve learning in e‐learning environments. However, there has been a debate ab...
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Young children learn about the properties of foods, such as taste and healthiness, from others. By using selective trust tasks in which a familiar cartoon character and an unfamiliar informant provided different testimony about food safety, this study examined how an informant's familiarity affected 4- to 6-year-old children's selective social lear...
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Eye movement modelling examples (EMME) are computer‐based videos displaying the visualized eye gaze behaviour of a domain expert person (model) while carefully executing the learning or problem‐solving task. The role of EMME in promoting cognitive performance (i.e., final scores of learning outcome or problem solving) has been questioned due to the...
Article
In this study, three experiments were conducted to explore whether adding eye movement modeling examples (EMME) to a short narrated animation could facilitate visual processing during multimedia learning and learning outcomes, and whether the effects of EMME depended on the pace of lesson or prior knowledge level of the learners. In Experiment 1, c...
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We examined the effectiveness of touchscreen media for teaching children to tell time from a clock. Experiment 1 was conducted with 123 preschoolers (M = 70.15 months, SD = 4.41) using two learning media: touchscreen and video, and three test media: iPad, toy, and paper, with between-subjects pre-and post-test design. After 10 min of exposure to th...
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Pupillometry is one of the eye-movement tracking methods by measuring the changes of pupil’s size to explore the cognition processing. Pupil index is also considered as a valid dependent variable in psychological studies. This article reviewed some new applications of pupillometry in psychological researches showing that the changes of pupil are no...
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Internet language is a creative product of the rapid development of computer-mediated communication. The present study was to investigate whether the use of Internet language enhances creative problem solving. In Study 1, sixty-two selected participants were equally divided into two groups according to their use experience of Chinese Internet langu...
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The integration of text and picture is the core of multimedia information processing. Relevant theories suggest that text and picture are processed through different channels in the early stage, and integrated in the late stage of processing. Based on these theories, the current study adopted measures of event-related potentials to examine the cogn...
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Over the last 15 years, researchers have been increasingly interested in understanding the nature and development of children's selective trust. Three meta-analyses were conducted on a total of 51 unique studies (88 experiments) to provide a quantitative overview of 3- to 6-year-old children's selective trust in an informant based on the informant'...
Article
In the cultural context of rapidly increasing internet access, two experiments examine how 5- to 8-year-old Chinese children and adults evaluate information from an unspecified internet source or a known human informant (a teacher or a peer). In Experiment 1, when evaluating statements from a variety of domains, adults regarded the internet and a t...
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Previous studies have shown that students learn better from an online lesson when a gesturing pedagogical agent is added (Mayer & DaPra, 2012; Wang, Li, Mayer, & Liu, 2018). The goal of this study is to pinpoint which aspect of a gesturing pedagogical agent causes an improvement in learning from an online lesson. College students learned about neur...
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Providing single-modality cueing (either visual cueing or auditory cueing) in multimedia lessons does not consistently improve learning outcomes. In 3 eye-tracking experiments, some students learned an onscreen lesson with an oral explanation of graphics and then took a posttest on the material (no cues group). Across all 3 experiments, students sp...
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Cueing facilitates retention and transfer of multimedia learning. From the perspective of cognitive load theory (CLT), cueing has a positive effect on learning outcomes because of the reduction in total cognitive load and avoidance of cognitive overload. However, this has not been systematically evaluated. Moreover, what remains ambiguous is the di...
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Article
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The goal of the present study is to determine how to incorporate social cues such as gesturing in animated pedagogical agents (PAs) for online multimedia lessons in ways that promote student learning. In 3 experiments, college students learned about synaptic transmission from a multimedia narrated presentation while their eye movements were tracked...
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Research shows that preschoolers are likely to anthropomorphize not only animals, but also inanimate toy after being exposed to books that personify these objects. Can such an effect also arise through young children’s use of touch-screen games? The present study is the first to examine whether playing a touch-screen personified train game affects...
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Young children are devoting more and more time to playing on handheld touchscreen devices (e.g., iPads). Though thousands of touchscreen apps are claimed to be “educational,” there is a lack of sufficient evidence examining the impact of touchscreens on children’s learning outcomes. In the present study, the two questions we focused on were (a) whe...
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Previous cross-cultural studies have found that cultures can shape eye movement during scene perception, but those researches have been limited to the West. This study recruited Chinese and African students to document cultural effects on two phases of scene perception. In the free-viewing phase, Africans fixated more on the focal objects than Chin...
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The pain function paradox has aroused researcher’s attention. Pain itself not only is an unpleasant emotional experience for the individuals, which signals a potential threat in the environment and urges observers to escape the source of pain, but it also signals that someone needs help. The evolutionarily primitive reaction to pain, i.e., the avoi...
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Previous research shows that preschool children detect snakes quickly than non-threating stimuli(e.g. flowers). In this study, we used eye tracking technology to provide direct evidences about the superior detection about threat-relevant stimuli. Two experiments were designed to testify whether the snakes would be fixated faster and quickly by pres...

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