Frode Moen

• PhD
• Researcher at Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Introduction Executive functions (EFs)—including working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, and planning—are essential for adaptive decision-making in dynamic environments like elite soccer. This scoping review explores the relationship between EFs and game intelligence in adult elite soccer players. Methods A systematic search was...

This study explores the predictive factors influencing sport coaches’ perceived performance levels following an 18-month mentor-based education program. The study employed a quasi-experimental, pre-test/post-test control group design to assess changes in perceived coach performance over time. The experimental group participated in six group gatheri...

The main purpose of the current study was to explore burnout and protective factors among elite sport coaches, more specifically how sex, perceived coach performance, grit, social competence and social resources was uniquely associated with coaches’ work-related, athlete-related, and personal-related burnout among Norwegian coaches in a variety of...

The current study investigated if Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy is affecting subjective sleep among a sample of 21 elite female football players in a Norwegian top series club. Subjective sleep was measured each day over a period of 273 consecutive days by using a smartphone application, PM Reporter Pro, which scheduled pus...

The current study investigated the associations between female football players’ training loads and their sleep variations. The sample included 21 female elite football players from a Norwegian top-league club with a mean age of 24 years (±2.8). Sleep duration, sleep quality, and training load were monitored every day over 273 consecutive days with...

The current study investigated if physical loads peak on game days and if Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy is affecting sleep duration and sleep quality on nights related to game nights among elite players in Norwegian women’s elite football. The sample included 21 female football players from an elite top series club with a m...

Schmid MA, Solli GS, Talsnes RK and Moen F (2023) Place of residence and coach-athlete relationship predict drop-out from competitive crosscountry skiing. The current study investigated whether factors such as living residence, the coach-athlete working alliance, goal orientation, and intrinsic motivation could explain drop-out, and whether these f...

Sleep plays an important role in the formative developmental processes occurring during the teenage years. At the same time, teenagers' changing bioregulatory mechanisms and psychosocial factors converge into the so-called social jetlag, a sleep timing misalignment between weekdays and weekends. The aim of this study was to quantify the course of...

The current study aimed to examine sleep characteristics of esport players and the stipulated effects of game performance on consecutive sleep characteristics using residual dynamic structural equation modeling (RDSEM). A sample of 27 Counterstrike players with a mean age of 18½ years participated in the current study. Sleep was detected over a per...

Objectives: To observe changes in sleep from baseline and during an altitude training camp in elite endurance athletes. Design: Prospective, observational. Setting: Baseline monitoring at <500 m for 2 weeks and altitude monitoring at 1800 m for 17-22 days. Participants: Thirty-three senior national-team endurance athletes (mean age 25.8 ± S....

The current study investigated the associations between female perceived fatigue of elite soccer players and their sleep, and the associations between the sleep of players and soccer games. The sample included 29 female elite soccer players from the Norwegian national soccer team with a mean age of ~26 years. Perceived fatigue and sleep were monito...

The present study was designed to explore the effects of a one-year coach education program on coaches’ perceptions of their communication skills and co-orientation of their coach-athlete relationships. The study was designed with an experimental group and a control group. The experiment group consisted of 66 coaches (and 295 athletes) who received...

Previous research shows that female athletes sleep better according to objective parameters but report worse subjective sleep quality than male athletes. However, existing sleep studies did not investigate variations in sleep and sleep stages over longer periods and have, so far, not elucidated the role of the menstrual cycle in female athletes’ sl...

On their journeys toward senior athletic status, junior endurance athletes are faced with a multitude of stressors. How athletes react to stressors plays a vital part in effective adaptation to the demanding, ever-changing athletic environment. Sleep, the most valued recovery strategy available to athletes, has the potential to influence and balanc...

The main purpose of the current study was to examine possible effects from a coach education program over one year, in which each coach was supervised by a mentor who facilitated their learning based on coach-centered values. The current study was designed as an experiment with a control group, where the coaches in the experiment group received men...

The main purpose of the current study was to examine how grit, neuroticism, perfectionism and perceived stress are uniquely associated with well-being and burnout among Norwegian coaches in a variety of sports. A sample of 107 coaches participated in the current study. A regression analysis revealed that grit uniquely predicted positive well-being,...

Our objective with this article is to reach a better understanding of debriefing as a learning tool by exploring the process of sharing and hiding knowledge and mistakes, respectively. There is disparity between the ideal of sharing every mistake truthfully on the one hand, thus allowing mutual learning, and the human tendency to hide knowledge on...

The importance of adequate sleep for athletic functioning is well established. Still, the literature shows that many athletes report sleep of suboptimal quality or quantity. To date, no research has investigated how bidirectional variations in mental and physiological states influence sleep patterns. The present study, therefore, investigates recip...

An inherent part of elite-level chess are high emotional and cognitive stress loads related to performance development. Sleep is a crucial recovery strategy, previously implicated in athletic performance. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the associations between performance development and objectively measured sleep in a sam...

Objective To validate automatic sleep stage classification using deep neural networks on sleep assessed by radar technology in the commercially available sleep assistant Somnofy® against polysomnography (PSG). Methods Seventy-one nights of overnight sleep in healthy individuals were assessed by both PSG and Somnofy at two different institutions. T...

The current study presents a systematic review of six empirical research studies that have explored coping amongst elite-level sport coaches. The study was carried out employing Fletcher et al.’s meta-model of stress, emotions, and performance as a basis for the review. The present results clearly revealed that, despite being an important aspect of...

The quality of the coach-athlete relationship has been linked to athlete burnout in previous studies. However, few studies have examined individual factors among athletes that may affect this association, and in particular among young athletes with high activity involvement. Hence, in the present study, we studied the potential mediating role of at...

The main purpose of the current study was to examine how the coach-athlete working alliance, psychological resilience and perceived stress are uniquely associated with burnout among junior athletes in sport. A sample of 670 Norwegian junior athletes practicing a variety of sports participated in the study. A hierarchical multiple regression analysi...

The current study investigated associations between cognitive components such as psychological resilience and perceived stress, and affective components such as positive and negative affect, and athlete burnout and perceived performance among 670 Norwegian junior athletes attending high schools specialized for sports. A hypothesized model of the re...

Since athletic development and functioning are heavily dependent on sufficient recuperation, sleep in athletes is becoming a topic of increasing interest. Still, existing scientific evidence points to inadequate sleep in athletes, especially in females. This may be due to the fact that sleep is vulnerable to disturbances caused by stress and cognit...

The current study investigates whether the Working Alliance Inventory (Blascovich, Mendes, Hunter, Lickel, & Kowai-Bell) and its factors bond, goal, and task are a suitable measurement for documenting the coach–athlete relationship in the sport setting among a sample of 670 Norwegian junior athletes. The results in the current study showed moderate...

The current study investigated whether athletes with negatively charged psychological reactivity that includes worry and negative affect experience more sleep disturbance in comparison with athletes whose psychological reactivity involves positive affect. Objective sleep monitoring for a period of 3-4 months was utilized in 32 junior elite athletes...

The current study tests possible transfer effects from NT 3D MOT training among elite athletes from dynamic sports on executive brain functions, such as alerting, orienting, executive control, inhibition, shifting and updating. Sixty athletes from different sports, such as martial arts (boxing and wrestling), handball, soccer, orienteering, biathlo...

Sleep is an essential part of athletes’ recovery process. Evidence of the habitual sleep patterns among junior elite athletes is however limited. Most previous sleep studies on this population have typically spanned short periods and employed instruments with restricted validity. Overcoming these limitations, the current study investigated the habi...

Research suggests that the numbers of coaches who are suffering from burnout symptoms are considerable among coaches in sport. In this study, authors explore the effects of autonomy on positive and negative affect and burnout in a group of Norwegian coaches. A sample of 510 coaches (100 females and 410 males) from different sports such as athletics...

Nordic combined requires high technical skills and vertical impulse for the ski-jumping event and aerobic endurance, ski efficiency and finish-sprint abilities to succeed in the subsequent cross-country race. The main aim of this study was to investigate the development of training, technical, and physiological characteristics during the last four...

Study objectives: To validate Impulse radio ultra wideband pulse-doppler radar technology against polysomnography (PSG) for sleep assessment. Methods: In all, 12 participants were recruited and their overnight sleep was assessed both by a Novelda XeThru radar and PSG. Two subjects had two nightly recordings, whereas 10 had one recording. Epoch b...

This current study examines if a perceptual-cognitive training program, such as the Neurotracker (NT) 3-dimensional (3D) multiple object tracking (MOT) device, has the potential to improve elite athletes’ performances in dynamic sports. Fifty-four elite athletes from boxing, wrestling, women handball, women soccer, orienteering, biathlon, alpine sk...

This article looks at how emotions are associated with performance in elite women handball in Norway. The results show that positive emotions such as joy (exemplified by feeling satisfied, pleased, and happy), serenity (exemplified by feeling calm, balanced, and hopeful), interest (exemplified by feeling curious, interested, and immersed) and ecsta...

The purpose of the present cross-sectional study among Norwegian coaches (N = 510, Mage = 28.49 years, SD = 10.99; Mexperience = 14.95 years, SD = 9.85; Women 19.6%, men 80.4%; Fulltime 23%, part-time 26%, volunteers 51%) was to examine the relationships between harmonious- (HP) and obsessive passion (OP), negative- (NA) and positive affect (PA), a...

The current study aimed to explore the association between subjective performance and coach-athlete working alliance, positive and negative affect, and worry among Norwegian junior elite athletes. A sample of 358 junior elite athletes from 3 different high schools specialized in sports participated in the investigation. A theoretical model was test...

Selvfølgelig kan skriving læres! Nøkkelen til akademisk skriving er en annerledes akademisk bok om hvordan komme i gang med skrivingen – og hvordan beholde flyten i skriveprosessen. Alle studenter og forskere må skrive, og mange strever med å sluttføre oppgaver, artikler og bøker. I boken utforsker forfatterne skriveprosessen i relasjon til begrep...

Research suggests that the numbers of athletes who are suffering from burnout symptoms are considerably. In this study, the authors explore associations of working alliance between coaches and athletes on positive- and negative affect, worry and athlete burnout in a group of Norwegian junior elite athletes. An online survey, consisting of the Worki...

Coaching education is previously suggested to have a positive influence on coaching efficacy among coaches in sport. However, little is known about whether differences in learning approaches in formal coaching education lead to various outcomes in coaching efficacy. With this as a background, the current study explores whether coaching efficacy var...

Research suggests that the numbers of coaches who are suffering from burnout symptoms are considerably high among coaches in elite sport. In this study, the authors explore the effects of the coach-athlete working alliance on positive-and negative affect and burnout in a group of high-level coaches. An online survey, consisting of the Working Allia...

This study explores coaches’ subjective views about how they acquire knowledge for their coaching practice. A Q sample of 45 opinions about different sources for knowledge acquisition, and how such sources affect learning at personal, relational, and content knowledge levels, was presented to sport coaches. Forty-five coaches from 11 different spor...

Background Nordic combined (NC) is an Olympic winter-sport performed as a ski jumping (SJ) event followed by a cross-country (XC) pursuit race employing the skating style. Purpose To elucidate the associations between sport-specific laboratory capacities and SJ, XC skiing, and overall NC performance in a world-cup NC event. Methods Twelve interna...

This article examined how training load, illness and injuries, perceived performance, affect and worry predict athlete burnout in sport. A sample of 358 Norwegian junior elite athletes from a variety of sports with cross country skiing (28 %), soccer (22 %) and biathlon (13 %) being those most frequently reported participated in the investigation....

Tidligere studier har antydet at idrettstrenere ikke får sitt behov for laering og kompetanseutvikling tilfredsstilt av formelle utdanningssystemer. Med bakgrunn i dette er målet med denne studien å undersøke faktiske og foretrukne laeringskilder blant norske trenere. I et strukturert spørreskjema vurderte 510 trenere 19 ulike typer laeringskilder...

This study looks at how emotions were associated with ski jumping competitions in world cup for four athletes representing the Norwegian national team in Nordic combined. The athletes documented their emotional experiences during competition rounds (trial-, and competition rounds) and non-competitive episodes (the period just after the competition...

Current research examines wellbeing from two perspectives. The hedonic approach focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance, whereas the eudaimonic approach focuses on the degree to which a person is fully functioning. The article examines relationships hedonic and eudaimonic well-being on the one...

The main aim of the present study was to investigate any effects from attention training techniques (ATT) on junior elite athletes’ perceived level of stress, perceived performance in sports, and perceived performances in school. Fifty-eight athletes from various sports such as alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, handball, biathlon, ski-jumping an...

This article looks at how emotions are associated with performance during cross-country skiing competitions among 10 senior Norwegian national level athletes. The results in this study show that there is a relatively similar emotional distribution pattern found among the athletes who are most satisfied with their performance compared to the less sa...

This article looks at how psychological variables such as passion, perceived performance, affect, worries and working alliance are associated with athlete burnout and illness and injuries among junior athletes in sport. A sample of 356 junior elite athletes from different sports such as cross country skiing, biathlon, Nordic combined, shooting, ice...

This article looks at how harmonic and obsessive passion, perceived performance, positive and negative stress, and worry uniquely predict athlete burnout in sport. A sample of 318 junior elite athletes from different sports participated in the investigation. Our results from a multiple regression analysis show that all variables, except for obsessi...

Purpose: To compare sport-specific laboratory capacities and the annual training of world-class Nordic combined (NC) athletes with specialized ski jumpers (SJ) and cross-country (XC) skiers. Methods: Five world-class athletes from each sports discipline were compared. Ski jump imitations were performed on a three-dimensional force plate in NC at...

This study aimed to explore how the emotion of joy could play a central role during different sport activities among young elite athletes. The participants in this study were 211 junior athletes in sports who were undergoing their High School education at different schools specializing in elite sports. Our results showed that eudaimonic emotions we...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore a better understanding of Holistic Debriefing processes from a learning perspective. Design/methodology/approach – During a terror attack in which 69 people were killed and 66 were wounded, a Search and Rescue crew experienced “fear of death” while giving life-saving help to victims of the attack. A...

The aim of this article was to explore the influence of mindfulness training on stress, perceived performance in school and sports, and athlete burnout among junior elite athletes. One goal was to determine the usefulness of mindfulness training in performance enhancement and burnout prevention in junior elite sports. A mindfulness-training program...

This study explores coaches‟ beliefs about what they think their athletes expect from them as coaches in sport. A sample of 36 different statements representing different opinions about coach behaviours and how coach behavior affects athletes‟ motivation, performance, focus, and emotions, was presented to 23 Norwegian coaches working in high school...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate how Attention Training Techniques (ATT) affects young athletes in sport. Six athletes who participated in a 12-week ATT training program participated in qualitative interviews that explored their experiences from the program. Our findings indicate that ATT training can influence junior athletes' e...

This article investigates the impact of mindfulness on stress, perceived performance in school and sports, and on athlete burnout. In the present investigation 483 Norwegian junior athletes from seven different schools for elite sports were invited to partake in an online survey of which 382 athletes responded (79%). The athletes were from differen...

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between athletes’ perceptions of their coaches’ leadership behaviours and their rating of their own satisfaction with their performance progress whilst under the guidance of this coach. Participants were 120 competitive athletes (M age = 20.3 years, SD =4.6) from different individual sports....

The purpose of this study was to explore subjective beliefs among coaches in elite sports about what they think are effective communication during performance appraisals with their athletes. A Q-sample of 36 different opinions about different underlying aims for communication, and how this affects athletes' abilities to understand better (knowing),...

Sammendrag I studier av veiledning er det ofte gjort et skille mellom den akademiske og den personlige dimensjon. Det anerkjennes videre at veiledning har betydning for studenters mestring. Med bakgrunn i denne faglige argumentasjonen, utviklet vi folgende problemstilling: Hvordan opplever studenter sitt mote med veileder i forhold til mestring und...

This article looks at whether higher levels of perceived coaching competencies focusing on relational issues, were associated with higher satisfaction among elite athletes with their progress in sport. In order to explore this, we investigated elite athletes’ perceptions of their coaches’ coaching competence (CCS) and how these perceptions related...

This article studies subjective beliefs about relational issues between coaches and athletes in sport, and how they affect the achievement process seen from the coaches' point of view. Relationship dimensions such as dependency, independency and mutuality are discussed from the viewpoint of how they affect intrinsic motivation, the ability for athl...

The main purpose of the present study was to implement an experiment with a control group designed to explore the effects from external executive coaching on goal setting, self-efficacy and causal attribution. The study is comprised of 20 executives at a branch of a Norwegian Fortune 500 company who all voluntarily participated in an experiment ove...

In this study, the authors explored the effects from an executive coaching program on need satisfaction at work. One hundred and twenty-seven executives and middle managers from a Fortune high-tech 500 company participated in the experiment over one year. Of these, 19 executives participated in an external executive coaching programme and 108 middl...

The main purpose of the present study was to implement an experiment to explore the effects from coaching based leadership on goal setting, self-efficacy, and causal attribution. The study comprised of 20 executives and 124 middle managers at a branch of a Norwegian Fortune 500 company who all voluntarily participated in an experiment over a period...

This study investigates the impact of a one year executive coaching experiment on self-efficacy in reference to important leadership tasks. The results showed that executive coaching had significant positive effect on self-efficacy. The findings are discussed from the perspective of the effect of coadhing on the executives' self-consciousness and t...

In this study, the authors explore the effects of an executive coaching programme on important performance psychology variables (self-efficacy, causal attribution, goal setting, and self- determination). One hundred and forty-four executives and middle managers from a Fortune high-tech 500 company participated in the experiment over a period of one...