Fredy Archila

Herbario BIGU · Botánica

Three new endemic species of Magnolia from Guatemalan cloud forest are described and illustrated: Magnolia emilceana from Baja Verapaz Department, M. harnpariphana from Baja and Alta Verapaz Departments and M. juliana from Alta Verapaz Department. Additionally, relationships with other species are discussed, and preliminary conservation status is a...

Understanding the genetic structure of populations is crucial for conservation purposes of endemic or geographically restricted species, to ensure that ex-situ propagation and conservation efforts include a representative sample of the species' genetic diversity existing in nature. In the case of Magnolia, the complex physiographic environment and...

In recent exploration, we found a reddish-leaved shrub in a riparian habitat, and we thought at first they were young individuals of an undetermined species. Their half-open flowers buried among terminal foliage resembled a tulip flower. We had found the first shrubby Magnolia known from Mexico and northern Central America. Numerous differences wer...

Guatemala is recognized for its diverse and rich flora and fauna. It is estimated that over 1200 orchid species, classified in 223 genera, are known to occur in this rather small, yet megadiverse country. While studying the diversity of this plant group in the department of Baja Verapaz, we found individuals that clearly belonged to the genus Schie...

Two new species of Magnolia from Guatemala are described and illustrated, one belonging to Magnolia sect. Magnolia, M. weerakitana from Alta Verapaz Department, and the other to Magnolia sect. Talauma, M. quichensis, from Quiché Department. Magnolia lacandonica is first recorded for the flora of Guatemala. In this contribution, the number of native...

Species old and new of Epidendrum

Ornithophily has been long speculated to occur in the subtribe Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae), relying either solely on micromorphological analyses or scarce field observations of undefined species. In Guatemala we were able to observe regular visits of the azure-crowned hummingbirds feeding on flowers of Ornithidium fulgens. These observations have l...

Three new Magnolia species and a new record from Guatemala are described and illustrated. Two of the new species, M. javieri and M. oscarrodrigoi, are from Alta Verapaz Department and one, M. veliziana, is from Quiché Department. Additionally, M. faustinomirandae is newly reported for the flora of Guatemala. With this contribution, the number of na...

Aiming to promote in-situ conservation and ecosystem recovery, we provided new data on Magnolia montebelloensis, a brief description of the species, how it was discovered, progress on conservation action and we determined habitat suitability. https://www.magnoliamexico2019.org/WMA_4_3

Masdevallia Ruiz. & Pav. in the broad concept comprises about 350 species distributed from southern Mexico to southern Brazil with the highest diversity in the Andes of Ecuador and Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Until now, only six species have been found in Guatemala. While studying the diversity of the orchid flora in this megadiverse country, we c...

We first remember the knowledge history of the genus Stanhopea, since its ethnobotanical use by the Mayas and the description of the Maya Coaxtzontecoxochit (= Stanhopea hernandezii) by Francisco Hernandez in the XVI century, up to the recent book "El género Stanhopea en Guatemala y México". Then we propose a new species, found in the Guatemalan de...

After a 30 years research on Guatemalan orchids, and 10 years after the last taxonomic treatment of the genus Chysis, the analysis of our material led us to recognize three new taxonomic entities in the genus for Guatemala. Which confirms that this country, although little collected, is not only a center of speciation for this genus but also an are...

A new species of Magnolia subsect. Talauma ("jomcoj"), Magnolia ottoi, is described and illustrated. The conservation status of this new species is proposed as critically endangered (CR) according to IUCN criteria. An identification key and a map with the distribution of the new species and other species of Magnolia subsect. Talauma from Guatemala...

The genus Cypripedium is one of five monophyletic genera within slipper orchids. Nuclear ribosomal ITS, nuclear low copy gene (ACO) and plastid data were used for molecular clock analyses. According to these analyses, the most recent common ancestor of Cypripedium appeared in the early Eocene. The Irapeana section is the oldest phylogenetic line wi...

Magnoliaceae of Guatemala are summarized, and two new Guatemalan species from Alta Verapaz are described and illustrated. Two Magnolia occurrence records are added to the flora of this country. Magnolia archilana is similar to M. hondurensis, but it differs from the latter in having glabrous terminal twigs, petioles, spathaceous bracts, peduncles a...

La guía de reconocimiento de las plantas endémicas de Guatemala representa el mejor acercamiento a la realidad de la diversidad florística de Guatemala, es orientadora para el investigador y presentan la distribución de los esfuerzos de colecta de las plantas endémicas, las áreas de endemismos y demuestra lo divorciado del Sistema Guatemalteco de Á...

Solanum piliferum was first described by Bentham in 1840, based on material collected in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. In 1919, the species was transferred to the genus Lycianthes by Friedrich August Georg Bitter and became the type species of his series Piliferae. This article provides a key to separate the Mexican species included by Bitter in ser...

The first report on pollination of two Neotropical orchid species, Masdevallia floribunda Lindl., M. tuerckheimii Ames and their hybrid by fruit flies is presented. Two presumably undescribed species of the genus Zygothrica, tentatively named as Zygothrica spec. 1 and spec. 2, were observed as pollinators. The distinct hypercephaly in the examined...

Two cloud forest species of Lycianthes are newly described: L. breedlovei from the state of Chiapas, Mexico and L. fredyclaudiae from the state of Baja Verapaz, Guatemala. Both species have orange-brown, multangulate-stellate trichomes in which the rays of the trichome are rebranched, white to pale lilac flowers (with darker violet-purple lobes in...

The genus Vanilla has one of the most important orchid species worldwide, however, despite its economic impact, there is still much to discover. Members of the genus are distributed in tropical zones of America, Asia and Africa but aromatic vanillas are found only in the Americas. Informally, the genus can be divided into two groups, one with tubul...

During the studies on Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae), a new species of Lepanthes with unusual connate petals was discovered in Colombian material. Hereby we describe it as Lepanthes torquipetala Szlach. & Archila, sp. nova. In this article, we provide its morphological description and an illustration, and briefly discuss its taxonomic position.

The genus Cuitlauzina is comprised of species of horticultural interest and is relatively well known. Hitherto six species have been recognized, all of them reported in Mesoamerica. Recently, new explorations in Guatemala revealed the existence of an undescribed taxon. In this article we describe it as Cuitlauzina cariasii, a striking novelty from...

Lepanthes is a neotropical genus within which a surprising number of species have been described in recent decades. Such a diversity is related to its ability to bloom throughout the year and to its pollination by miniature Diptera. Recently a extremely small Lepanthes was discovered in Guatemala. Its dimensions make it the smallest orchid in the w...

Lepanthes is a neotropical genus within which a surprising number of species have been described in recent decades. Such a diversity is related to its ability to bloom throughout the year and to its pollination by miniature Diptera. Recently a extremely small Lepanthes was discovered in Guatemala. Its dimensions make it the smallest orchid in the w...

During a recent botanical exploration in the vicinity of the city of Jacaltenango, Guatemala, an orchid was found, with characters so different from any known plant that it was initially considered to possibly represent a new genus. The study of the morphological characters showed that it was in fact a new species belonging to the genus Gracielanth...

The name Guatemala derives from the Nahuatl word "Quauhtlemallan", and means "Land of trees". The name was given by the abundance of forest covering the country. Guatemala has a large number of ecosystems due to the diversified rainfall regime and diverse topographic relief, allowing a speed process of plant diversification, that has led to high le...

During botanical tours in Alta Verapaz (Guatemala), a plant of the genus Elleanthus drew the attention of the senior author by the color of its leaves, intense purple on their abaxial side. After having thoroughly examined it we came to the conclusion that it was something different from any known species. It is described here as a new species and...

El artículo presenta la determinación taxonómica de las plantas nativas empleadas en la producción del mimbre (fibra vegetal) y el conocimiento local (uso/manejo) del recurso en cinco comunidades del volcán Tacaná en la región Soconusco de Chiapas, México. La determinación taxonómica de las plantas se hizo con la revisión fotográfica del Dr. Thomas...

Background and Aims: Guarianthe skinneri is a native orchid from Chiapas, Mexico, with a Central American distribution, which is threatened by extraction and illegal trade. For this reason, it is classified as threatened in the Mexican rule NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. In the region of Soconusco (Chiapas, Mexico) and Guatemala, it is commonly called “Can...

Orchids are well known as one of the most advanced groups of plants in the context of adaptation to different forms of zoogamy. The pollination by flies (myophily), with all its variations, is the second most popular pollination pathway in the Orchidaceae, with pollination by species of about 20 families of Diptera being known. Masdevallia Ruiz. &...

Telipogon is a Neotropical genus with approximately 200 species, the majority of which are epiphytes and are distributed in South America; Mexico is the northernmost area of distribution with only two recorded species. Here we describe a third species, Telipogon corticatus, collected in cloud forests of eastern Mexico, in Veracruz. It is a species...

Guatemala is a relatively small country in term of size, but its geographical and biological diversity is enormous. It is estimated that about 8,000 species of vascular plants can be found there, many of them are endemic. Its orchid richness is impressive and for many years poorly studied. It ranges from a little more than 100 species mentioned by...

A new species of Lepanthes is described and illustrated based on the material collected during field work in Guatemala. Lepanthes swartzii is similar to L. pantomima Luer & Dressler and L. arachnion Luer & Dressler from which it differs by 1-veined petals, lip with incurved basal lobes and obtuse apex, and by circular leaves with smooth margins. Id...

Les collectes de plantes terrestres appartenant à la famille Orchidaceae réalisées par le premier auteur ont permis la découverte de plusieurs espèces nouvelles. L'une d'elles est ici présentée, décrite et illustrée. Elle est comparée à son plus proche parent, Prescottia stachyodes. A new species within the genus Prescottia (Orchidaceae, Cranichidi...

L'analyse morphologique comparée d'une population de Restrepia trouvée dans les montagnes de Coban, au Guatemala avec les autres espèces du genre a permis d'établir qu'il s'agissait d'une nouvelle espèce. Elle est ici décrite, illustrée et comparée avec son plus proche parent, Restrepia vasquezii. Le disque basal du gynostème semble constituer un b...

We describe a new vanilla species growing in sympatry with Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews (Orchidaceae) in the province of Limón, Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. The morphology of the reproductive and vegetative organs observed on vines cultivated under shade-house, the nuclear (Internal Transcribed Spacer) and plastid (matK) nucleotide sequen...

Se describe una nueva especie de orquídea del género Brasolia (Sobralia) de Los Andes de Perú.

Different morphological characters are presented in favour of the separation of Acropera and Gongora, two genera regarded as synonyms by various authors. Two new species are proposed, one within Acropera and one within Gongora, and compared to their closest relatives. Finally four new combinations in Acropera are validated.

Field studies in the Mezquital Valley of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, allowed to locate a population of a specie belonging to the genus Ponthieva R.Br. Comparing the specifies entity to other species of Mexican Ponthieva, we conclude that it is a new taxon, with strong differences between it and the other ones. We report taxonomic diagnosis, descr...

El estudio de la biodiversidad neotropical ha permitido el hallazgo de nuevas especies y el enriquecimiento de los inventarios botánicos. La Familia Orchidaceae es sin duda alguna un taxón de gran riqueza principalmente en el neotrópico, prueba de ello se describe una nueva especie de Rhetinantha para Guatemala, se incluye su descriptor, diagnosis...

Platystele imperialis, the tiniest orchid in the world – A new species of Platystele is presented, certainly the smallest orchid species hitherto known, 20% smaller than the smallest Platystele. Beyond the record however, the importance of this discovery lies in the knowledge of organisms having evolved to get small sizes which help them in the rep...

Revision of the “Dichaea graminoides” alliance (Orchidaceae) in French Guiana and around – The members of the “Dichaea graminoides” group from north-eastern South America and West Indies are revised. Our results confirm that Dichaea graminoides is not present on the continental part of this area and that D. cogniauxiana is endemic to Brazil. D. hoo...

Archila, Szlach. & S. Nowak (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) is described and compared with the morphologically close species

Suite aux explorations botaniques menées dans les forêts tropicales du Guatemala, nous proposons une nouvelle espèce de Lycaste, décrite, illustrée et comparée à l'espèce la plus proche, Lycaste leucantha. Abstract A new Lycaste (Orchidaceae) from Central America – As a result of our botanical explorations in the tropical forests of Guatemala, we p...

L'étude des Orchidaceae d'Amérique Centrale a permis la découverte, au Guatemala, d'une nouvelle espèce de Stellilabium qui est ici décrite, illustrée et comparée à son plus proche parent, Stellilabium boylei. Une nouvelle combinaison dans le même genre est également proposée. Abstract Stellilabium auriculatum (Orchidaceae), a new species from the...

in questa prima parte si presentano le informazioni di base per una migliore com! prensione del genere Lycaste, sulla base della let! teratura pubblicata a carattere scientifico!tassonomica, dal momento in cui il genere fu proposto da Lyndley ad oggi. Viene spiegata la circoscrizione del genere Lycaste non! ché le relazioni infrageneriche di taxa c...

L'étude de la sous-tribu Pleurothallidinae au Guatemala a permis de découvrir et de décrire de nombreuses espèces nouvelles et l'un des genres concernés par ces découvertes est Platystele Schlechter, dont une des caractéristiques est de produire, selon les espèces, des fleurs tantôt minuscules [par exemple, Platystele minimiflora (Schlechter) Garay...

A new species of the orchid genus Peristeria is described and illustrated and information about its habitat and ecology is provided. So far the new species is known exclusively from the municipality of Senahú in the Guatemalan Department of Alta Verapaz. The species is the first representative of Peristeria found in Guatemala. The finding described...

L'étude approfondie des orchidées du Guatemala par la « Station expérimentale d'orchidées » du Guatemala a permis, entre autres découvertes, celle d'une nouvelle espèce de Campylocentrum, affine de Campylocentrum brenesii. Elle est ici décrite et illustrée. Abstract Campylocentrum lutheri (Orchidaceae), a new species dedicated to Harry Luther – An...

Sobralia gnoma (Orchidaceae), a new entity from neotropical cloud forests – During the exploration of karstic areas in the cloud forests of Alta Verapaz (Guatemala), a Sobralia with remarkably small flowers and spirally arranged leaves was collected. It is proposed as a new species, fully described and illustrated.

A new species of lithophytic orchid, belonging to Ponthieva R.Brown, is described, illustrated and compared to Ponthieva ephippium Reichenbach f., its closest relative. This species is associate to the exposed karstic rocks which can be observed along the northern humid arc of Guatemala, a mountain complex with a karstic geologic base favouring hig...

Die Orchidee 66(4), 2015 Cuitlauzina in Mexiko und Guatemala 258 Cuitlauzina candida (LindL.) dressLer et N. H. WiLLiams (Mexiko und Guatemala) Cuitlauzina convallarioides (schLtr.) dressLer et N. H. WiLLiams (Costa Rica und Panama) Cuitlauzina dubia (S. rosiLLo) Yañez et soto arenas ex soLano (Mexiko) Cuitlauzina egertonii (LindL.) dressLer et N....

Heterotaxis faecalis (Orchidaceae), a showy flower with a fetid odour – The newly resurected genus Heterotaxis is poorly known in Guatemala where it is represented only by three species. A fourth species is presented, closely related to H. villosa (Barbosa Rodrigues) F.Barros, however characterized by its very fetid odour, adapted to its pollinator...

El estudio del género Stanhopea es complicado debido a que las flores son de corta duración y porque la taxonomía de este género se ha centrado en la morfología del labelo. El problema de ello es que los labelos de estas especies son muy carnosos y generalmente se deforman al prensarse y deshidratarse para su preservación en el herbario. Cuando la...

Se describe e ilustra una especie nueva del género Laelia: L. mottae Archila, Chiron, Szlach. & E.A. Pérez-García. Durante muchos años esta especie se consideró como una variante enana de Laelia anceps; sin embargo, el análisis de ejemplares, tanto silvestres como cultivados, permitió establecer que en realidad se trata de dos especies. Laelia mott...

We describe and illustrate a new species of the genus Laelia: L. mottae Archila, Chiron, Szlach. & E.A. Perez-Garcia. For many years, this species was considered a dwarf variant of Laelia anceps; however, the analysis of field-coming and cultivate specimens enabled us to conclude that they actually are two species. Laelia mottae comes from south-ea...

A contrasting Sobralia (Orchidaceae), with robust habit and small flowers – Recent field work in municipality of Coban (Guatemala, Alta Verapaz) led to the discovery of a new Sobralia species, with robust vegetative parts and small flowers, member of the “Sobralia cobanensis” complex. This record raises Guatemala to the second rank among the divers...

Aspidogyne tribouillieri, a new commelinoid orchid from Guatemala – Aspidogyne tribouillieri Archila, Chiron & Szlachetko (Orchidaceae) is described and illustrated from material collected in Guatemala, in the Ixil region. It belongs to the “Aspidogyne foliosa” complex and is most similar to A. commelinoides (Barbosa Rodrigues) Garay, from which it...

Mots-clés/Keywords/Palabras-clave : Alta Verapaz, Maxillarieae, Xylobium subintegrum. Résumé Le genre Xylobium est largement distribué en Amérique tropicale. Les espèces connues forment généralement de grandes populations et, comme elles sont de culture facile, on les trouve fréquemment dans les collections néotropicales. Dans cet article, nous déc...

Trichopilia orbiculabia, a new species from Guatemala, misidentified as Trichopilia turialvae – The analysis of living plants and preserved material and the study of populations have established the existence of a new species belonging to the genus Trichopilia; this species for several years appeared in Guatemalan collections as "T. turialvae". Unf...

Javieria, a new genus within Neotropical orchids – A meticulous morphological analysis brought out that a group of species within Brassavola show some particular features, distinctive enough to separate them into a new genus, Javieria. The cladistic study carried out based on these characters is discussed, a table with the main morphological differ...

Mots-clés/Keywords : Guatemala, nouvelles espèces/new species, Restrepia, taxinomie/taxonomy. Résumé Depuis de longues années, la référence en matière taxinomique pour l'étude des orchidées du Guatemala est le travail de Ames & Correll. Ces auteurs ne reconnaissent pas le genre Restrepia. même s'ils en incluent deux espèces (placées dans le genre P...

Résumé Cet article présente trois nouvelles espèces de Teuscheria, un genre peu représenté dans les collections. T. archilae et T. desireei sont des espèces apparentées à T. pickiana, et longtemps confondues avec ce dernier. Toutefois analyse de matériels d'herbier et de matériel vivant, comparaisons morphologiques et études de populations ont perm...

Two new species of Guatemalan Cyclopogoninae are described and illustrated; one of them represents the Meso-american genus Potosia (Schltr.) R. Gonzalez & Szlach. ex Mytnik, the other – Neotropical Pelexia Poit. ex Rich. They are compared with other Guatemalan members of the genera.

A new species of the orchid genus Stelis Sw. – S. anagraciae Archila & Szlach. – from Guatemala is described and illustrated.

Une espèce de Buchtienia originaire d'un fragment de forêt atlantique à la limite entre les états de Rio de Janeiro et de São Paulo (Brésil) est décrite, illustrée et comparée à Buchtienia boliviensis, une espèce rencontrée notamment dans l'état du Mato Grosso. Abstract A new species of Buchtienia (Orchidaceae, Spiranthinae) from southeastern Brazi...

La liste des espèces de Scaphyglottis présentes au Guatemala est mise à jour, avec l'adjonction de six espèces, dont une nouvelle espèce, Scaphyglottis truncata, ici décrite, illustrée et comparée aux espèces les plus voisines. Abstract Update of the Scaphyglottis (Orchidaceae, Laeliinae) list for Guatemala – The list of Scaphyglottis species found...

On montre, sur la base de quelques caractères morphologiques discriminants, que le taxon Pleurothallis foetens, mis depuis quelques années en synonymie de Pleurothallis (Acianthera) aphthosa, doit être considéré comme une espèce différente. Dans le cas contraire, un autre taxon, généralement traité comme bonne espèce, Acianthera hoffmannseggiana, d...

Vanilla est un genre normalement hémi-épiphyte – même s'il peut y avoir des plantes terrestres – appartenant à la sous-famille Vanilloideae. C'est un genre de grande importance ethnobotanique, compte tenu de son utilisation passée et présente que la culture Maya a faite de ses fruits aromatiques. Au cours des dernières années, la station expériment...

Cet article présente les résultats des collectes effectuées durant la dernière décennie en diverses localités du Guatemala, au cours d'explorations botaniques dont l'objectif était d'établir l'existence de nouvelles espèces d'orchidées. Au total, nous proposons ici quinze nouveautés taxinomiques. Abstract Botanical explorations in Guatemala. Part I...

Les auteurs argumentent l'opinion selon laquelle Lycaste virginalis est le nom correct pour l'espèce plus connue sous le nom de Lycaste skinneri. De nouvelles combinaisons sous ce nom d'espèce sont validées pour quelques taxons infraspécifiques et une clé d'identification est proposée. Le rôle des divers flavonoïdes dans la grande variabilité de co...