Frédéric Miranville

University of La Réunion · Department of Civil Engineering

Humans in the 21st century spend nearly 90% of their time in an indoor environment. This environment is far from the one in which humans have developed their physiological adaptation and regulation mechanisms. The indoor environment must be optimized for wellbeing and cognitive performance with an anthropocentric and multidisciplinary approach. The...

Humans in the 21st century spend nearly 90% of their time in an indoor environment. This environment is far from the one in which humans have developed their physiological adaptation and regulation mechanisms. The indoor environment must be optimized for well-being and cognitive performance with an anthropocentric and multidisciplinary approach. Th...

A lot of software exists to simulate indoor daylighting and/or electrical lighting. There are generally classified into two categories: software dedicated to research and commercial software (usually dedicated to consulting firms and individuals). The first software category prefers to use computer codes and high performance physical models (which...

The "VCP Lsa" is a specific kind of green-roof specially developed for light-weight structures with steep slopes under tropical climates. The "VCP Lsa" acronym stands for Vegetalized Complex Partition type Ligneous over Structure and Air gap. Comparatively to a traditional extensive green roof the VCP Lsa is easy to install and allows to reach an h...

Nowadays, given the high cost of an experimental phase and to validate the developed models, the calculator is used by more and more researchers. However, experimentation is a major step to validate any model. To get some accurate data, the devices must be efficient. That is why their prices is very expensive. To overcome this problem, researchers...

This paper deals with lightweight building simulation with phase change material on the North and the South walls. Givoni bioclimatic chart is used in order to compare results from study with and without phase change material. The results clearly show that the use of phase change material has a positive effect on inside air temperature thermal comf...

Daylight offers many possibilities. Its proper use is a major asset to develop the design, energy and environmental quality of a building but also improve the physiological and psychological conditions of the user. New emerging devices, offer the opportunity to improve visual comfort while, providing energy savings. The light pipes are considered a...

The use of phase change materials (PCMs) as a building integrated thermal storage may contribute to improving building energy performances. This article focuses on the integration of PCMs in the roof with a non-ventilated air layer, in order to assess thermal performances of a dedicated test cell, especially for thermal comfort. An experimental equ...

This paper deals with the empirical validation of a building thermal model using a phase change material (PCM) in a complex roof. A mathematical model dedicated to phase change materials based on the heat apparent capacity method was implemented in a multi-zone building simulation code, the aim being to increase understanding of the thermal behavio...

This article deals with a new configuration of a complex roof using a phase change material (PCM) installed on a dedicated test cell. For the first time and in field conditions, an experimental device using phase change material was set up at Reunion Island, location having a tropical and humid climate. Results show that in the tested configuration...

CODYRUN is a multi-zone software integrating thermal building simulation, airflow, and pollutant transfer. A first question thus arose as to the integration of indoor lighting conditions into the simulation, leading to a new model calculating natural and artificial lighting. The results of this new daylighting module were then compared with results...

In Reunion Island, many buildings have been equipped with PV panels on their roofs in order to produce electricity. These PV systems were built to increase the penetration of renewable energies in the public electricity grid and so reduce greenhouse effect gases emissions. This type of installation was designed just in order to produce electricity...

Contexte Environnement et politique Enmatì ere de consommation energétique mondiale, l'augmentation est indiscuta-blement la tendance actuelle. Conformément au contexte énergétique international, l'ile de La Réunion doit faire face à une demandé énergétique croissante. Parmi les stratégies mises en place dans ces projets, se trouve la réduction de...

Buildings in Reunion Island have different thermal performances so the thermal energy storage should be enhanced. Using phase change materials in the building envelope could be a solution. These materials are able to increase the low thermal mass of lightweight constructions in order to improve human comfort, maintaining the building ambient therma...

CODYRUN is a multi-zone software integrating thermal building simulation, airflow, and pollutant transfer. Described in numerous publications, this software was originally used for the passive designof buildings, both for research and teaching purposes.In this context, the datatreatedwere mainly concerned with volumes (zones), surfaces andthickness...

This paper reports on the thermal characterization, via the thermal conductivity, of natural materials, such as mulch and lava rock and their usefulness as building insulation. Experiments were carried out using a scale one monitored wall (i.e. heat flux and temperature sensors) exposed to a heating source on one side and to an air conditioned spac...

The aim of this paper is to present the experimental results of a specific vegetated complex partition (VCP) and discuss the conclusions found from an interesting study case in Hong Kong, especially the presence of a strong upward heat flux in winter. The experimented VCP configuration have never been tested in Reunion Island. It is located on a sm...

This paper deals with the thermal performances of roof-mounted radiant barriers. Using dynamic simulations of a mathematical model of a whole test cell including a radiant barrier installed between the roof top and the ceiling, the thermal performance of the roof is calculated. The mean method is more particularly used to assess the thermal resista...

RÉSUMÉ Cet article traite de la possibilité d'utiliser un code de calcul spécialisé en thermique du bâtiment (CODYRUN) comme capteur logiciel, notion issue de l'observation d'état. Basée sur l'assimilation de données et la vérification expérimentale, l'approche particulière proposée permet de modéliser une paroi multicouche en vue de vérifier les p...

Dans le secteur du bâtiment, le stockage de l'énergie thermique est un enjeu primordial. C'est dans cet objectif que les matériaux à changement de phase (MCP) ont émergé pour renforcer l'inertie thermique des bâtiments à structures légères et pour les permettre d'atteindre de hautes performances énergétiques. Dans cet optique, cet article présente...

This article deals with a numerical model of the thermal behavior of a building roof equipped with phase change materials (PCM). The study puts in evidence the first results of the proposed model based on the apparent heat capacity method. A backward Euler scheme and a finite difference discretization method have been used. The model was integrated...

In this paper, the electrical energy generation by photovoltaic (PV) arrays is discussed for three cities in the island of Reunion (the Republic of France) located in Indian Ocean. Each PV array has different orientation as it is placed at different part of the roof of a residential house that pretends to be a sustainable building. The electrical e...

This article deals with the optimization and validation of a thermal model of photovoltaic panels integrated to buildings. The PV thermal model is implemented in the building simulation code ISOLAB and have already been the subject of previous works. The optimization is made by using the generic optimization program GenOpt. First, these two program...

This paper presents a realization of passive construction in Reunion, French Department in the Indian Ocean (southern hemisphere) submitted to a wet tropical climate. Aspects of passive construction were integrated at the design stage and this house does not present additional costs towards classical ones. This project was awarded a prize for archi...

The aim of this paper is to briefly recall heat transfer modes and explain their integration within a software dedicated to building simulation (CODYRUN). Detailed elements of the validation of this software are presented and two applications are finally discussed. One concerns the modeling of a flat plate air collector and the second focuses on th...

This paper deals with the experimental evaluation of a roof-mounted multi-reflective radiant barrier (MRRB), installed according to the state of the art, on a dedicated test cell. An existing experimental device was completed with a specific system for the regulation of the airflow rate in the upper air layer included in a typical roof from Reunion...

As in Reunion Island, France, around 61% of electricity is produced by using coal and fuel oil with high greenhouse emissions, it is beneficial to the environment to produce electricity from solar energy. Therefore, there is a large push to generate electricity from solar energy by use of photovoltaic (PV) arrays. However, it is important to have h...

This paper reports a method about artificial lighting simulation. More precisely, we present a case study with software simulation. The software used is 'CODYRUN', a powerful tool developed by the PIMENT laboratory. This software has been developed by the building physics team of the PIMENT laboratory since 1993. It has been completed with a specif...

http://www.intechopen.com/source/pdfs/19415/InTech-Heat_transfer_in_buildings_application_to_solar_air_collector_and_trombe_wall_design.pdf

Heat flux sensor calibration is often expensive, but it is also a fundamental step to obtain valid results. According to the needs, several calibration procedures could be considered. If experimental interpretations focus on heat flux values comparison rather than true values, a relative calibration with high accuracy can be performed. This paper f...

Many models exist in the scientific literature for determining indoor daylighting values. They are classified in three categories: numerical, simplified and empirical models. Nevertheless, each of these categories of models are not convenient for every application. Indeed, the numerical model requires high calculation time; conditions of use of the...

En matière de consommation énergétique mondiale, l'augmentation est indiscutablement la tendance actuelle. Conformément au contexte énergétique international, l’île de La Réunion doit faire face à une demande énergétique croissante. Après analyse de la répartition de ces besoins, la régulation thermique du bâtis apparaît être l'un des postes les pl...

This paper deals with a simplified model of radiative heat transfer in building enclosures with low emissivity walls. The approach is based on an existing simplified model, well known and used in building multizone simulation codes, for the long wave exchanges in building enclosures. This method is simply extended to the case of a cavity including...

This paper presents initial values of global and diffuse luminous efficacy at Saint-Pierre (Reunion Island). Firstly, data used were measured for a period of 6 months, from February to June 2008. During this period, all defined day-types have been studied (clear, cloudy and intermediate). Generally, the meteorological database of Reunion does not c...

Export Date: 10 April 2012, Source: Scopus

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of a thermal model of PV panels integrated in buildings. An integrated thermal model has indeed been built, with the specificity of considering the photovoltaic panels (PV panels) and the associated wall as a solar protection of the building. The specific climate of Reunion Island was taken into account, w...

CODYRUN is a software for computational aeraulic and thermal simulation in buildings developed by the Laboratory of Building Physics and Systems (L.P.B.S). Numerical simulation codes of artificial lighting have been introduced to extend the tool capacity. These calculation codes are able to predict the amount of light received by any point of a giv...

The aim of this work was to simulate the transport of pollutants in buildings. Focusing mainly on the presence of carbon dioxide, we resolved the airflow equations for two typical validation cases. These numerical results were compared to COMIS and CONTAM software, and they were used to evaluate the evolution of carbon dioxide concentration in diff...

Export Date: 10 April 2012, Source: Scopus

CODYRUN is a software for computational aeraulic and thermal simulation in buildings developed by the Laboratory of Building Physics and Systems (L.P.B.S). Numerical simulation codes of artificial lighting have been introduced to extend the tool capacity. These calculation codes are able to predict the amount of light received by any point of a giv...

This article deals with both an experimental study and a numerical model of the thermal behaviour of a building whose roof is equipped with photovoltaic panels (PV panels). The aim of this study is to show the impact of the PV panels in terms of level of insulation or solar protection for the building. Contrary to existing models, the one presented...

This paper deals with a combined approach for assessing the thermal performance of radiant barriers under field conditions, based both on dynamic simulations and field measurements. The methodology involves the combination of model predictions and experimental results of a complex roof including a radiant barrier installed on a dedicated test cell....

A simplified model of indoor short wave couplings adapted to multizone simulation context is proposed, thanks to some simplified hypothesis and the introduction of an indoor short wave exchange matrix. Through specific properties of this matrix, it appears as a useful step to quantify exchanges between zones separated by windows or large openings....

Actes disposibles, http://www.esim.ca/2006

Actes disposibles, http://www.esim.ca/2006

This paper deals with the application of Bayesian methods to the estimation of two convective heat-transfer coefficients of a roof-mounted radiant barrier system. As part of an empirical validation of the thermal model of the roofing complex, a parametric sensitivity analysis highlighted the importance of convective coefficients in the thermal beha...

Controlling humidity to prevent moisture and condensation phenomena is a growing problem for building designers nowadays. Ventilation and air conditioning are common solutions to avoid mold and condensation. However, to promote low cost energy buildings, an alternate solution may be to decrease the daily variation of humidity with anti fungi treate...

In tropical humid climates, moisture and condensation on walls lead to significant damage of buildings. The purpose of this article is to present a numerical model to improve the prediction of internal humidity in buildings. Thermal simulation codes usually evaluate moisture due only to airflow transfers. The model presented takes into account the...

This paper deals with the empirical validation of a building thermal model, which includes a roof-mounted radiant barrier. We first present the thermal model, developed with a building simulation code prototype, the objective being to increase understanding of the thermal phenomena that govern the behaviour of the whole building. We then describe t...

La conception bioclimatique des enveloppes des bâtiments s'intègre dans une démarche de maîtrise de l'énergie et constitue de ce fait un enjeu primordial. Elle nécessite la connaissance des performances énergétiques des composants d'enveloppe et des systèmes associés et doit permettre d'éviter le recours à des dispositifs de chauffage ou de refroid...

The need for construction projects to be sustainable is becoming more widely recognised, partly because of diminishing world energy resources, and partly because recent world developments (for example, global warming and increasing oil prices) have made those involved in construction more aware of a new approach to building. We often hear now of bu...

This chapter deals with the evaluation of the outdoor performances of a composite roof that is composed of a corrugated iron rooftop, a radiant barrier, and a ceiling made of wood, each component being separated by an air space. This assembly is mounted on a small-scale test cell, named isotest. An isotest is designed for research purposes. It is i...