Frederic Guay

Université Laval | ULAVAL · Department of Educational Fundamentals and Practices

Reading skills are considered an important lever for success in school and active participation in society. They are positively associated with reading motivation, reading self‐concept, reading frequency, and behavioral engagement in reading (e.g., time, effort), variables that tend to decline as students move from elementary to secondary school. F...

La pandémie de COVID-19 a exacerbé la tricherie dans les universités, amplifiant une tendance des dernières décennies (Jenkins et al., 2023; KPMG, 2023). Notre étude, fondée sur la théorie de l’autodétermination (Ryan & Deci, 2017, 2020), examine comment les pratiques de soutien et de menace aux besoins psychologiques fondamentaux (BPF) des profess...

Meta-analyses indicate that explicit writing instruction (EWI) is an effective method for improving student writing self-efficacy and writing performance. EWI relies on explicit instruction of writing strategies through modeling, scaffolding and self-regulation. Most EWI-based interventions have been conducted by researchers, generally with subgrou...

Devoting time to reading is a major asset for reading success and preventing academic failure, and an essential skill for developing and exercising critical thinking. The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess the role played by reading motivation in two reading contexts (academic and recreational) in promoting the reading frequency and readi...

La participation à des activités parascolaires à l’école secondaire est une voie prometteuse pour promouvoir l’adaptation scolaire et psychosociale des adolescents. Cependant, peu d’études ont cherché à comprendre les processus expliquant ce lien, notamment comment les expériences sociales vécues dans le contexte de ces activités peuvent se général...

Although it is well known that psychological distress is a widespread phenomenon among undergraduate students, especially in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the heterogeneity of the psychological distress manifestations observed in this population is still lacking. This study sought to investigate the nature of psychological dis...

This longitudinal study examined student profiles of psychological needs satisfaction before and after their transition to secondary school and their role in predicting academic motivation, adjustment, achievement, and intentions to continue in secondary school. In a sample of 639 adolescents, profiles of psychological needs satisfaction (relatedne...

Background: Universities faced important and sudden changes following the lockdown measures imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional educational practices were disrupted as campuses were closed while distance learning was hastily adopted. Aims: This study documents the evolution of university students' autonomous and controlled motivati...

Latent profile and transition analyses offer the possibility to uncover the dynamic combinations of motivation types experienced by students in relation to their schoolwork while also investigating their temporal stability. As the popularity of these analyses increases, various considerations need to be considered by researchers when running their...

Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a broad theory of psychological growth and wellness that has revolutionized how we think about human motivation and the driving forces behind personality development. SDT focuses on people’s basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness and how social environments that support these needs fos...

Background & aims Youth with developmental language disorder (DLD) are at risk of experiencing challenges during their job search. It is thus crucial to promote efficient job search behaviors in terms of effort, intensity, and self-regulation. Based on self-determination theory (SDT), we verified the role of autonomous and controlled motivations in...

The Goal-Expectancy-Self-Control (GES) model provides a novel framework to study mental toughness in sport. This model proposes that mental toughness is a state-like multidimensional concept comprising three resources – challenging goals, self-efficacy, and self-control – that operate when athletes encounter a stressor that puts their goal achievem...

Introduction Participation in extracurricular activities (ECAs) during high school is likely to be associated with higher intrinsic motivation, as well as lower externalizing problems and depressive symptoms, particularly for students in schools located in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. However, few studies have explored the process...

Cette étude teste un modèle où le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des enseignants au regard de la gestion de la classe, les stratégies verbales positives et punitives de gestion des comportements et leurs relations avec les problèmes de comportement extériorisés des élèves sont reliés à la satisfaction au travail des enseignants. Les 80 enseigna...

Psychological distress and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are highly prevalent among undergraduate students. Importantly, numerous longitudinal studies show that these phenomena rise significantly during the first months of college and remain high thereafter. However, research identifying theory-driven mechanisms to explain these phenomena is lackin...

This special issue on the development of academic motivation covers many issues that are groundbreaking in the field of motivation and interpersonal relationships. In this commentary, I discuss the following elements: (a) the challenges of integrating central motivational constructs; (b) interpersonal relationships as supports for motivation at sch...

Pour comprendre comment le contexte d’enseignement à distance découlant de la COVID-19 est associé à la motivation scolaire des adolescents, nous avons mené une enquête auprès d’élèves de 3e, 4e et 5e année du secondaire (14 à 17 ans) en utilisant deux cohortes indépendantes : l’une de 601 élèves, recrutés en juin 2020 et ayant reçu un enseignement...

Parents are central figures in youth’s career decision-making processes. One of their key roles is to foster youth’s career decision-making agency by supporting their motivational resources—of autonomy and competence. While the findings on parent-driven effects (how parenting behaviors predict youth’s agency) are well documented, little is known ab...

Self-determination theory (SDT) proposes various types of motivation which fall onto a continuum of self-determination. Some computational techniques allow the estimation of a global score of self-determination, with bifactor-ESEM modeling being a popular estimation method. However, this approach has shortcomings, including changing conceptual inte...

While most educational models point toward cognitive and metacognitive skills to promote reading comprehension, recent studies indicate that motivation also plays a key role. Consequently, studying social factors that may support reading motivation represents an interesting research avenue. We therefore performed a systematic review of the literatu...

In this study, we seek to identify different profiles of children following distinct developmental trajectories of academic self-concept. Moreover, we look at their developmental outcomes regarding school achievement and educational attainment. This study relied on an accelerated longitudinal design that followed three cohorts of elementary school...

School-to-work transition is a challenging period for youth with learning difficulties (LD). Based on self-determination theory (SDT), we tested the role of autonomy support and motivation in predicting transition status and well-being among this population. This prospective study included 218 students with LD in their last year of a work-study prog...

This study aimed to identify high school student profiles of motivation for participating in extracurricular activities, predict profile membership using indicators of need satisfaction and gender, and verify whether the profiles predicted continued participation the following year. The sample included 263 Canadian students in disadvantaged high sc...

The big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) describes a multilevel phenomenon via which class-average levels of achievement act as a negative predictor of students’ academic self-concept (ASC), although their individual achievement level acts as a positive predictor of their ASC. In this quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study, we posited that a prof...

Cette étude présente les résultats de la normalisation du Test of Silent Reading Efficiency and Comprehension (TOSREC) auprès d’élèves franco-québécois de la sixième année du primaire et détaille les résultats de la démarche de validation du TOSREC-FR. Le TOSREC-FR pour la sixième année est un outil de dépistage qui s’administre en trois minutes à...

The self-determination theory (SDT) has been used to understand students’ motivation at school in general as well as in various school subjects. This literature review conducted on a number of SDT studies showed that (1) autonomous types of extrinsic motivation as well as intrinsic motivation leads to positive consequences for students; (2) the typ...

Research has focused on the relations between television (TV) viewing time and children’s reading achievement. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain this relation. The substitution hypothesis proposes that TV viewing distracts students from activities that are important for their learning. The inhibition hypothesis proposes that watching tel...

Students’ self-determined motivation (acting out of interest, curiosity, and abiding values) is associated with higher academic well-being, persistence, and achievement. Self-determination theory posits that self-determined motivation is dependent on the satisfaction of three psychological needs (relatedness, competence, and autonomy), which are in...

The purpose of this study was to examine how teachers’ relatedness with students is linked to academic achievement in reading for elementary students transitioning from kindergarten (five years old) to first grade (six years old). Intrinsic motivation and self-concept in reading were examined as potential mediators of this relation. While data were...

The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of rule compliance regarding private gatherings during the 2020 Christmas holidays in the province of Quebec (Canada), where gatherings were ruled as illegal, with few exceptions. We used the self-determination theory framework to predict rule compliance as a function of autonomous, controlled-ap...

Psychological distress (PD) is highly prevalent among college students. However, not much is known about the role study programs can have in fostering or reducing PD. Two studies were conducted to assess the importance of study program climate in predicting students PD, in addition to that of teachers and peers. In Study 1 (N=1855), we developed an...

Depuis l’apparition de la télévision, des recherches se sont intéressées à son influence sur le rendement scolaire (RS) des jeunes. Toutefois, ces études sont partagées entre celles qui font état d’une relation négative et celles qui indiquent que le temps d’écoute de la télévision n’est pas associé avec le RS. Afin de mieux documenter cette questi...

Background: Cheating at the post-secondary level is a skewed phenomenon. While personality and environmental factors are associated with cheating, few studies account for the zero inflation when predicting cheating behaviour. Aim: In this study, we explore a person-situation interaction hypothesis where teacher autonomy support (AS) could modify...

School-to-work transition is a challenging period for adolescents and young adults with developmental language disorder (DLD). However, little is known about which factors predict well-being during this transition and the quality of this transition (Conti-Ramsden et al., 2016, 2018). According to Self-Determination Theory (SDT), optimal outcomes ar...

Cette étude a pour but d’évaluer une formation, en ligne asynchrone, qui vise à améliorer chez les enseignants leur gestion des comportements extériorisés des élèves. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons recruté 80 enseignants et 157 de leurs élèves. Les élèves ont été ciblés en raison de leur niveau de comportements extériorisés jugé élevé. Les...

La détresse psychologique et la consommation de substances sont des phénomènes répandus chez les étudiants universitaires : 30% d’entre eux rapportent souffrir d’anxiété et de dépression tandis que 35% consomment de l’alcool de façon excessive (ACHA, 2016; Bruffaerts et al., 2018). À ce jour, peu d’études ont porté sur l’apport du contexte universi...

Young adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) are at risk of facing many challenges during their transition to adulthood in terms of outcomes in education, employment, and independent living. This presentation will first discuss the results of a systematic review on this subject published in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Re...

Student outcomes are influenced by different types of motivation that stem from external incentives, ego-involvement, personal value, and intrinsic interest. These types of motivation as described in self-determination theory each co-occur to different degrees and should lead to different consequences. These associations with outcomes are in part d...

Background Maternal depressive symptoms (MDSs) are negatively associated with children's academic performance, with stronger effects sometimes reported in boys. However, few studies have tested the mechanisms of this association. We examined the mediating role of school engagement and peer victimization in this association and tested for sex differ...

We examined two personal resources—adaptability and buoyancy—that are increasingly recognised as important for teachers’ positive work-related outcomes. We sought to extend knowledge about the unique roles of these two personal resources by examining them simultaneously as predictors of teachers’ work-related outcomes. We also examined how two cont...

Purpose Research on developmental language disorder (DLD) in adulthood has increased rapidly in recent years. However, to date, there has been no systematic literature review on this topic, thereby limiting the possibility to have a comprehensive overview of publications in this field. Method Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Revi...

Based on self-determination theory, this research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the CASIS professional development (PD) program for fostering (1) teachers' use of five recommended pedagogical practices during a writing lesson and (2) students' motivational resources (intrinsic, identified, and controlled regulations) toward writing. Two...

Mental toughness (MT) has gained considerable attention in sport as an important factor for achieving goals in the presence of varying degrees of pressure, adversity or obstacles (Hardy et al., 2014). Despite growing interest in MT, it seems that no clear consensus has been reached regarding its conceptualization (Gucciardi, 2017). In order to broa...

Self-determination Theory differentiates various types of motivation, each of which have different consequences for well-being and behavior. Despite broad agreement concerning the nature of different types of motivation, numerous scoring methods, each of which rely on different assumptions, are commonly practiced. These practices range from a relat...

Based on an accelerated longitudinal design involving three cohorts of secondary school students followed during 3 consecutive school years, this study had three main objectives. First, we sought to identify different profiles of students following distinct trajectories of self-determined motivation over the secondary school years. Second, we exami...

Des recherches ont montré que plus les étudiants réalisent des activités liées à leur développement vocationnel par plaisir, moins ils seraient indécis. Ainsi, intervenir pour favoriser la motivation des étudiants collégiaux envers ces activités pourrait constituer une manière de remédier à leur indécision de carrière. Le but de cette recherche est...

Des recherches ont montré que plus les étudiants réalisent des activités liées à leur développement vocationnel par plaisir, moins ils seraient indécis. Ainsi, intervenir pour favoriser la motivation des étudiants collégiaux envers ces activités pourrait constituer une manière de remédier à leur indécision de carrière. Le but de cette recherche est...

Les objectifs de cette recherche sont de tester si la fréquence d’utilisation de la tablette numérique (TN) comme outil pédagogique en classe est associée au rendement scolaire des élèves en mathématiques, en français et en anglais, et si cette relation s’explique par une plus grande motivation autodéterminée chez les élèves. Les résultats, obtenus...

Held every three years, the tenth SELF International Conference will take place in historic Quebec City, the capital of the province of Quebec, Canada. The conference is part of a continuing series of meetings that have gained greater visibility in the field of SELF research. The 2020 conference will bring together a wide array of speakers from all...

Held every three years, the tenth SELF International Conference will take place in historic Quebec City, the capital of the province of Quebec, Canada. The conference is part of a continuing series of meetings that have gained greater visibility in the field of SELF research. The 2020 conference will bring together a wide array of speakers from all...

Résumé : Les stratégies punitives sont utilisées par plusieurs enseignants pour réduire les comportements extériorisés chez les élèves. Cet article décrit, à l'aide d'un modèle transactionnel, comment ces stratégies affectent les interactions entre l'enseignant et l'élève qui présente des problèmes de comportements extériorisés. L'utilisation de ce...

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to address the following question: Which types of reading support provided by teachers, parents, or peers predict motivational changes in reading among students from grades 4 to 6? Following the procedure proposed by Boland, Gemma, and Dickson (2017) and restricting our sample to peer-reviewed arti...

Students with special education needs face challenges during their school-to-work transition (Crawford, 2012). In Quebec, many follow the Work-Oriented Training Path (WOTP), which prepares them for their school-to-work transition (future job search and job market; MELS, 2008). But what factors could predict positive job search behaviors in this und...

This study tested the hypothesis according to which pedagogical practices supporting students’ basic psychological needs (BPNs) could moderate the Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect (BFLPE; Marsh & Parker, 1984). One hundred fourteen elementary school teachers and 1835 students from grades 1 to 6 participated in this one-year quasi-experimental study. Par...

Using the Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional (RIASEC; Holland, 1997) model of occupational themes and a 1-year prospective study, we investigated whether identified, introjected, and external regulations for vocational activities and their combination are relevant to understand self-efficacy and attendance in...

It is well known that developmental language disorder (DLD) has pervasive effects during young adulthood. This session proposes a synthesis of the literature regarding the outcomes of young adults with a DLD. The author will present how the results obtained with different cohorts converge as well as the factors that can help to qualify the interpre...

This study examined whether vocational exploration mediated the association between participation in extracurricular activities and career indecision among high school students. A total of 312 students were surveyed over three waves of data collection (Secondary 3 to Secondary 5). Participation in extracurricular activities (number and types), voca...

Recent studies posit that mental toughness is a relevant construct for predicting achievement outcomes in academic settings. It is a multidimensional construct that encapsulates psychological resources that facilitate consistent performance despite stressors and challenges. However, recent evidence has called into question its multidimensional aspe...

Parents contribute to their children’s academic achievements by supporting their basic psychological needs. Parents’ need supporting behaviors (NSB) were expected to predict positive academic outcomes such as students’ academic performance and persistence intentions. The present study tested the contribution of parental NSB by distinguishing which...

The goal of this study was to understand why students' writing motivation decreases from grades 1 to 6 by investigating the predicting role of teachers' perceived self-efficacy. Elementary school students (n = 789) completed a survey assessing writing motivation and teachers (n = 113) completed a survey assessing their perceived self-efficacy. Resu...

Through structure, parents provide information that makes their children's environment predictable, thereby contributing to the satisfaction of their need for competence. More recently, researchers have proposed that within parental structure, it is possible to identify six specific dimensions: clear and consistent rules, guidelines, and expectatio...

La présence d’un trouble développemental de langage chez les élèves peut affecter leur parcours scolaire. Plusieurs cheminent donc dans le parcours de formation axé sur l’emploi afin de les préparer à leur transition de l’école vers l’emploi. À l’aube de celle-ci, ces élèves et leur enseignant ont développé des attentes quant à la réussite de leur...

La formation continue en ligne (FCL) auprès des enseignants serait en mesure d’offrir aux enseignants des formations accessibles en tout temps, prenant place sur une durée de temps variable, peu importe la région où l’école se trouve, et ce, à un coût minime pour l’établissement scolaire pour ainsi éliminer les barrières de l’accès aux formations d...

School motivation is a multidimensional concept. It can be qualitatively defined by various sources of regulation as well as by the school subject to which it pertains. Based on self-determination theory, we postulate that motivation types vary in terms of quality (from lower to higher quality these types are: external, introjected, identified, and...

This study tested a conceptual model based on self-determination theory to examine how university faculty members’ motivation for teaching predicts their utilization of teaching best practices, and explored if faculty at various higher education institution types are differentially motivated for teaching. Data from a national online survey of 1671...

Les enseignants qui se sentent moins efficaces à gérer les problèmes de comportement présentent une utilisation plus fréquente des pratiques de gestion des comportements inefficaces et percevraient les comportements des élèves comme plus problématiques (Jennings & Greenberg, 2009). De plus, la perception des comportements dans la classe influencera...

SYNOPSIS Objective. The goal of this study was to examine how mothers and fathers contribute to each other’s autonomy supportive and controlling behaviors toward their child. Design. The participants were heterosexual parental dyads from two prospective studies (Study 1, n = 289; Study 2, n = 202). Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires asses...

This longitudinal study examined the role of school attachment and three sources of relatedness (friends, parents, teachers) in predicting students’ intrinsic and identified regulation. A total of 946 high school students from disadvantaged neighborhoods completed self-report measures. Results of a CFA provided support for the distinctiveness of th...

Drawing on a hierarchical (job and task level) and multidimensional conceptualisation of work motivation (intrinsic, identified, introjected, and external regulations), this study examines relationships between motivational regulations and burnout. Participants were 806 French-Canadian teachers working in public elementary and high schools. Results...

Background: An important pedagogical practice is the provision of structure (Farkas & Grolnick, 2010, Motiv. Emot., 34, 266). According to self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior, Plenum, New York, NY), structure allows students to develop perceived competence in different sc...

Past research supported the importance of parental autonomy support, involvement, and structure for student outcomes. The goal of this study was to test the contribution of these behaviors from mothers and fathers in predicting adolescents' adjustment in school using a multi-informant approach. A sample of 522 adolescents (233 boys, 389 girls), the...

Participation in extracurricular activities is a promising avenue for enhancing students' school motivation. Using self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the goal of this study was to test a serial multiple mediator model. In this model, students' perceptions of autonomy support from their extracurricular activity leader predicted their act...

This study examined the associations between intrinsic motivation and achievement in mathematics in a sample of 1478 Canadian school-age children followed from grades 1 to 4 (age 7-10). Children self-reported their intrinsic motivation toward mathematics, whereas achievement was measured through direct assessment of mathematics abilities. Cross-lag...

Students' higher level of motivation is not based solely on intrapersonal factors as innate characteristics, but also on contexts in which students are supposed to develop their competencies. Thus, the cultural context is expected to shape motivation. Values and beliefs shared by a cultural group will affect students' motivation to learn and educat...