About
404
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Introduction
Currently:
Professor of Landscape Ecology,
Researcher on Fire Ecology and Management,
President of the Observatory of Forest Fires in the Parliament
Additional affiliations
January 1990 - present
January 1979 - September 1990
Publications
Publications (404)
Neste capítulo, Francisco Castro Rego e Iryna Skulska exploram a história e os desafios do Regime Florestal em Portugal, desde a sua origem em 1901 até às políticas contemporâneas. O texto aborda a descentralização da gestão florestal, a relação com os baldios e a necessidade de atualizar o quadro legislativo para enfrentar os desafios ambientais e...
The poster presented at the IUFRO 2024 Congress discusses current trends in the management of Portuguese community forest areas (baldios), highlighting the development of new governance models and the challenges faced in managing these areas. It also emphasizes the importance of creating clusters of baldios and forest certification to improve admin...
The poster presented at the IUFRO 2024 Congress discusses current trends in the management of Portuguese community forest areas (baldios), highlighting the development of new governance models and the challenges faced in managing these areas. It also emphasizes the importance of creating clusters of baldios and forest certification to improve admin...
Lisbon benefits from privileged climatic conditions, both for its geographical location between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and for its topography, marked by the seven hills that provide the city with a variety of solar exposures. It is these characteristics that allow a high diversity of tree species due to different biogeographic reg...
Lisbon has unique characteristics and hosts a higher average biodiversity than other European cities. Its Mediterranean climate allows the coexistence of different tree species, and the contact with other geographies and cultures resulting from the Portuguese discoveries contributed to the botanical richness of species from around the world. This s...
A gestão florestal tradicional pós-fogo pode influenciar a vegetação futura do local e a recuperação da área ardida. O presente estudo, integrado no projeto SUDOE-REMAS (SOE3/P4/E0954) e na Unidade Curricular de Silvicultura II ministrada no Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa, avaliou o efeito da gestão florestal na diversida...
This report aims to identify pre-fire landscape composition, dynamics and configuration associated with the occurrence of Extreme Wildfire Events (EWE) in Europe in 2000-2022. A set of 137 EWE were compiled into a database, using literature revision and statistical analyses. Corine Land Cover (CLC) data was used to analyze landscape composition, co...
Os terrenos comunitários portugueses - baldios, têm uma história centenária. Desde os seus primórdios, as populações rurais locais usaram estes terrenos para garantir a sua subsistência, o que implicou uma alteração progressiva da paisagem através da utilização de florestas, campos agrícolas, e pastagens. Assim, foram-se desenvolvendo as vertentes...
A paisagem portuguesa tem uma longa história de alterações de uso e ocupação do solo, e o seu conhecimento contribui positivamente para o planeamento e definição de políticas públicas a longo prazo. O Mapa Agrícola e Florestal 1951-80, recentemente publicado em formato vetorial e com uma nomenclatura compatível com a série cartográfica da Carta de...
Fuel management for wildfire risk prevention generally lacks economic sustainability. In marginal areas of southern Europe, this limits fuel treatment programs from reaching the critical mass of required treated area to modify landscape flammability, the fire regime and its impacts.
This study investigates key fuel management initiatives for wildf...
Citation: Karasmanaki, E.; Mallinis, G.; Mitsopoulos, I.; Karteris, A.; Chrysafis, I.; Bakaloudis, D.; Kokkoris, I.P.; Maris, F.; Arianoutsou, M.; Goldammer, J.G.; et al. Proposing a Governance Model for Environmental Crises. Land 2023, 12, 597. https://doi. Abstract: During August 2021, a wildfire outbreak in Evia, Greece's second largest island,...
Wildfires, despite being a major disturbance factor, have also an essential role in shaping the Mediterranean landscape and its ecological processes. Post-fire soil properties can change significantly, depending on fire charactheristics. However, long term fire effects on soil are still not well understood, particulary in the Mediterranean region a...
Fire is an agent that promotes considerable changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils and, consequently, in the landscape. Fire severity and duration, and intrinsic characteristics of the soils lead to different trajectories of soil recovery. Numerous studies focus on short term fire effects on soils but, the long-te...
While the Mediterranean basin is foreseen to be highly affected by climate change (CC) and severe forest fires are expected to be more frequent, international efforts to fight against CC do not consider forest fires’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions risk and the possibility of its mitigation. This is partly due to a lack of a methodology for GHG risk...
Pyrosilviculture and understory fuel management to reduce forest stand and landscape flammability represent loss-making interventions from an economic point of view. Consequently, prevention is carried out above all on public property and with public funds (e.g. Rural Development Programs), while the interest of the private individual for preventio...
Over the last 30 years, olive farming has experienced a fast and large-scale intensification process across its Mediterranean range, that is reshaping Mediterranean farmland landscapes with associated impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study aims to analyze irrigated olive grove spatial expansion patterns across a 27–year period i...
Mediterranean Basin forest ecosystems are recurrently affected by wildfires. The occurrence of insect pests following fire may be a critical factor affecting tree survival and forest recovery. Although ambrosia beetles are viewed with increasing concern, information about the host selection and colonization behavior of these beetles in Mediterranea...
In the last decades, fire regimes in Europe have changed towards an increased occurrence of extreme fire events with large burned areas and associated impacts. Portugal is one of the countries most affected by wildfires, with extraordinary negative impacts. Postfire emergency stabilization is an important restoration practice to mitigate fire impac...
Fire regimes are changing in several regions of the world. In those regions, some exotic species may be better adapted to new regimes than the native species. This study focused on identifying the microsite characteristics associated with the occurrence of post-fire Eucalyptus globulus regeneration from seeds, outside the species native-range. This...
Bulk density for shrubs and tree crowns is an important variable, useful for many purposes, namely estimations for biomass and carbon sequestration and potential fire behavior prediction. In the latter case, bulk density is required to predict the rate of spread and intensity of crown fires. However, bulk density information is scarce. The estimati...
Wood resources have been essential for human welfare throughout history. Also nowadays, the volume of growing stock (GS) is considered one of the most important forest attributes monitored by National Forest Inventories (NFIs) to inform policy decisions and forest management planning. The origins of forest inventories closely relate to times of ear...
Wildfire risk prevention through fuel management generally lack of economic sustainability. In marginal areas of southern Europe, this limits fire prevention programs to reach the critical mass of interventions required to modify landscape flammability, the fire regime and its impacts.This study investigates key fuel management initiatives for wild...
Forests are increasingly susceptible to wildfires due to land abandonment, fragmentation, lack of forest management, and agricultural burns. The impacts of climate change, with longer heat waves and the extension of the summer season, creates the conditions for catastrophic wildfire seasons in many countries. The drivers that increase wildfire risk...
Supporting Information for Morgado et al., 2021 - Preserving wintering frugivorous birds in agro‐ecosystems under land use change: Lessons from intensive and super‐intensive olive orchards
Fleshy fruit production is becoming more intensive worldwide, but how this affects frugivorous birds is poorly known. In the Mediterranean region, intensive and super‐intensive olive orchards are fast expanding, potentially affecting millions of wintering songbirds. Here, we test the idea that intensification may benefit frugivorous birds, at least...
Enquanto contributo para a arte paisagista na cidade de Lisboa, este livro centra a abordagem nos espaços públicos, na sua génese e distribuição espacial, no cruzamento de influências culturais de origens geográficas diversas e no desenho e na composição arbórea dos jardins e parques históricos da cidade. A criação destes espaços verdes urbanos ond...
This textbook provides students and academics with a conceptual understanding of fire behavior and fire effects on people and ecosystems to support effective integrated fire management. Through case studies, interactive spreadsheets programmed with equations and graphics, and clear explanations, the book provides undergraduate, graduate, and profes...
The heat from fires influences fire behavior and effects on plants, animals, people, and their homes. How? In this chapter, we explain heat transfer by radiation, convection, conduction, and mass transport using the equations for the physical processes and simple, applied examples. All chemical reactions in flaming and smoldering combustion are acc...
Vegetation often fuels fires. We describe both vegetation fuels and how fires burn with specific terms central to understanding fire science and management. Fuel type, amount (load), and structure mediate both the effects of fire on ecosystems and human impacts on fires. Independent of its biological nature, characterizing how readily vegetation co...
Where does the heat come from during combustion in vegetation fires? In this chapter from our book, Fire science from chemistry to landscape management, we build upon the previous chapters about fire chemistry where atoms and molecules of some substances (reactants) change by combustion into other substances (products). Here, we explain the process...
How do fires grow from points or lines of ignition to engulf large areas? What equations are useful for predicting fire spread? In this chapter of our book, Fire science from chemistry to landscape management, we explain how wind, slope, and fuels influence the rate of spread of fires initially and at steady state. We emphasize heat balance. Fires...
Many people have called for Integrated Fire Management that effectively harnesses the power of fire to achieve land management goals. Often this includes using fire, and certainly, it involves managing both short- and long-term effects of fire informed by an understanding of both people and place. In eight case studies from around the globe, local...
Large, often severe fires are increasingly affecting the places people live including the built environment, the ecosystems, and the goods and services that benefit people around the world, especially in North and South America, Europe, and Australia. What are the conditions that allow for extreme fires? What effects do they have? How do scientists...
People can and must find ways to adapt to and live with some fires and smoke. In this chapter of our book, Fire Science: From Chemistry to Landscape Management, we illustrate how the fire science learned in earlier chapters, along with economics and other social sciences, can be applied to fire fighter safety, and to protect people, their homes, an...
Fire history can inform science and management of landscapes now and in a future of rapid change. In this chapter to our book, Fire science from chemistry to landscape management, we build on the understanding of fire occurrence and effects from previous chapters, starting with temporal dynamics at points, and then expanding over scales in space an...
In this chapter of our book, Fire science from chemistry to landscape management, we explain the factors that influence the energy associated with the pre-ignition phase and the estimation of the adiabatic flame temperature. Before fuels can ignite, they go through a pre-ignition phase that removes water and other liquid volatile compounds from the...
Combustion is a chemical process that results in the oxidation and breakdown of organic matter from living and dead vegetation. The products emitted during complete or incomplete combustion include gases such as carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen, as well as carbon and minerals. Particles of organic matter that are only partially consumed are left...
Why do some fuels more readily ignite in vegetation fires? What makes some plants more flammable than others? Without ignition, there will be no fire, though heat, fuel, and oxygen are all also necessary for combustion. For organic matter to ignite, it must first be heated enough to drive off moisture, so fuels are dry enough to burn. As fuel is he...
How do plants survive fires? Fires can affect plant crowns, stems, roots, and seeds. Fire effects depend on fire behavior, plant characteristics, and the environment. Heat effects on meristematic tissue are important, for if meristems are greatly damaged by heat, plants may not survive and thrive post fire. We illustrate key concepts with trees (fo...
Fuels influence fire ignition, spread, intensity, and severity. Thus, fuels link fire behavior and fire effects. Fuels are central to our book, Fire science from chemistry to landscape management. We address how scientists and managers describe types of fuels, assess the amount of fuels (called fuel load) and characterize fuelbeds. The amount and t...
We discuss the environmental, social, and technological trends that will influence fire science and management in the coming decades. We begin by discussing the influence of global change, including climate and social changes, on how fires burn, our perceptions of wildland fire, and how we respond to fires. We highlight several of these challenges...
Forest governance is under reorganisation in many European countries, because of the changes in property and forest tenure rights. Portuguese community-based forestry is an interesting research subject from a New Institutional Economics perspective. Community forests (an important part of community lands known as baldios) cover half a million hecta...
O Relatório inclui uma avaliação do PNA, considerando as suas orientações e objetivos
estratégicos, fazendo uma análise genérica do documento e referindo-se specificamente a um aspeto muito pouco explicitado no Programa: a importância da consideração da ação climática. O Relatório faz, em seguida, uma análise do SGIFR, tanto no âmbito da sua arquit...
Anthropogenic structures are increasingly encroaching wildlife habitats, creating conflicts between humans and animals. Scaling up renewable energy requires new infrastructures such as power lines, that cause high mortality among birds since they act as obstacles to flight and are used for perching and nesting, which can result in collisions or ele...
Large forest fires have repeatedly affected Europe, in particular the Mediterranean countries. It is now crucial to continue the effort to feed the several layers of prediction models and understand how wildfire spreads in order to develop modern preventative and mitigation methods. The present study evaluates the performance of Sentinel 5-P TROPOM...
A publicação de um livro didático sobre Ecologia da Paisagem (EP), escrito em português, surgiu por iniciativa conjunta da Associação Portu-guesa de Ecologia da Paisagem (Apep) e da Associação Brasileira de Ecologia de Paisagens (Iale-BR) que mobilizaram recursos humanos e financeiros no sentido de compilar num livro impresso e também em e-book con...
Os terrenos comunitários (baldios) ocupam atualmente cerca de meio milhão de hectares em Portugal continental e constituem um património valioso e um importante espaço agroflorestal. Em 1976, os baldios foram devolvidos às comunidades rurais após décadas de ocupação pelo Estado Novo e reflorestação sob o Regime Florestal.
Em 2007, entre a Direcção-...
A grande variação interanual nas estatísticas de fogos rurais dificulta a quantificação ao longo do tempo dos progressos na gestão desses fogos. Este estudo analisa estatísticas para o período 2001-2020 e compara vários indicadores da piroatividade em Portugal entre o período de 2008-2017 e o período mais recente de 2018-2020, através de análises q...
A segurança das comunidades potencialmente afetadas pelos incêndios florestais constitui uma das maiores prioridades das autoridades e tem sido objeto de várias medidas legislativas e operacionais, em especial a partir dos incêndios de 2017. Entre estas medidas destacam-se os programas Aldeia Segura e Pessoas Seguras, lançados pelo Governo em 2018....
In 2016, common forest areas celebrated 40 years of community management. These were mostly planted during the occupation of community lands (known as baldios) by the Estado Novo and during the development of the Forest Regime, via the National Afforestation Plan. The return of the common lands to the people and the decentralisation of forest gover...
National Forest Inventories (NFIs) collect and provide a large amount of information regarding the forest volume, carbon stocks, vitality, biodiversity, non-wood forest products and their changes. Forest stands variables data are paramount to understanding their composition, especially on those related with understory characteristics and the covera...
Scuba diving is one of the most popular coastal recreational activities, and one of the few that are allowed in multiple-use marine protected areas. Nevertheless, like many other coastal activities, if in excess, it may harm coastal ecosystems and their sustainable use. This paper focuses on the seascape and landscape characteristics that are most...
Discrimination and classification are integral processes for interpreting remotely sensed data. Many spectral vegetation indices have been proposed for discriminating between vegetation, soil, and other ground cover categories. Classical remote sensing show that reflectance in the red (R) and near infrared (NIR) bands of the electromagnetic spectru...
Investigations of factors influencing wildfire risks in Mediterranean forest areas have rarely considered the possible influence of the ownership type and management modalities in forest areas owned and/or managed by rural communities, referred to as baldios in Portugal. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between forest ownership types an...
Climate change is predicted to severely impact interactions between prey, predators and habitats. In Southern Europe, within the Mediterranean climate, herbaceous vegetation achieves its maximum growth in middle spring followed by a three-month dry summer, limiting prey availability for insectivorous birds. Lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) breed in...
Combining biodiversity conservation with the agricultural production needed to meet the rising world food demand is a global challenge. This is a case in point for olive farming in the Mediterranean region, where high-yielding intensive and super-intensive orchards are
fast expanding, often replacing biodiversity-rich but low-yielding traditional o...
The quantification of forests available for wood supply (FAWS) is essential for decision-making with regard to the maintenance and enhancement of forest resources and their contribution to the global carbon cycle. The provision of harmonized forest statistics is necessary for the development of forest associated policies and to support decision-mak...
La Península Ibérica cuenta con una larga historia de incendios forestales. Es el caso del Sistema Central, desde la Sierra de Estrela en Portugal a la Sierra de Ayllón en España, aunque las causas humanas y el régimen de incendios difieren en función del contexto ambiental, político y socioeconómico en uno y otro extremo de la cordillera. La valid...
