Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt

Loughborough University | Lough · Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering

Motivations Power systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) are subject to high-rate uncertainties during real-time operation; Reserve requirements (RRs) are essential for ensuring adequate power margins to overcome these uncertainties; Their sizing must be correlated to the potential contingencies. Contributions The formulati...

This paper presented a methodology for configuring a protection system that adapts changes in future power systems. Overcurrent protection system is implemented in this paper for a well-known test system, the CIGRE European benchmark distribution network.

A construction methodology for the CPPS testbed is proposed. This testbed is used to mimic the actual operations of power systems such as a manual open/close circuit breaker or an automatic tripping protection relay under fault scenarios. The communication protocol, IEC 61850 GOOSE, is integrated into the CPPS testbed. The methodology of transmiss...

Develop a morphological tool to accurately extract features that represent faults. These features will be used in future research to detect and classify events such as short circuits and operational manoeuvres, thus facilitating the implementation of protection strategies. This method is applied to the current signal measured in the CT associat...

Enhancing power grid resilience, such as redundancy, is crucial for ensuring a reliable energy supply amid increasing environmental challenges. Transmission line redundancy involves identifying lines to be prioritised for improvement and how to improve the identified lines. The challenge remains to identify critical lines using specified transmissi...

This quick video shows the essential elements of SMART Objectives/SMART goals. This video is not a substitute for formal knowledge provided by institutions like universities. This video has been created using openly public material. This video is informative in nature; I hope this helps you. Enjoy it. #YouTube Video: https://youtu.be/l_6HtIm8...

This article develops and evaluates a fault response model for grid-following inverters, considering the injection of both negative and positive sequence currents during asymmetrical and symmetrical faults. It examines how the inverters' response affects the fault current and voltage detected by protection devices, highlighting the importance of se...

Al reemplazar la generación síncrona con generación basada en convertidores, se reduce la inercia rotacional disponible en el sistema eléctrico. Esta disminución de inercia modifica el comportamiento dinámico del sistema, lo que provoca cambios más pronunciados en la frecuencia del mismo y aumenta la posibilidad de activar esquemas de disparo autom...

The IEC 61850 standard has driven the development of power systems Protection, Automation, and Control Systems (PACS) over the past years. Although it is well-known for its communication protocols, several concepts and features are underused. This paper presents a new engineering and validation methodology applying the IEC61850 standards concepts t...

The surge in renewable energy sources (RESs) and decentralized generation has reshaped power distribution, with distributed generation systems (DGS) like solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines offering advantages including reduced losses and improved grid resilience. However, optimal placement of DGSs within radial distribution feeders faces cha...

Despite there are signifcant advancements in modern power systems, blackouts remain a potential risk, necessitating efficient restoration strategies. This paper introduces an innovative concept for power system restoration, focusing on balancing active and reactive power while ensuring voltage stability. For instance, this paper employs an agglomer...

The dynamic evolution of the modern energy landscape has forced the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power generation, catalyzing a paradigm shift towards converter-dominated power systems. This paper addresses the imperative challenge of optimizing power-generating technologies within these complex systems to ensure both stabili...

Advancements in various scientific fields have encouraged the development of novel tools, techniques, components, methodologies, and innovations aimed at addressing the challenges encountered in modern power systems dominated by inverter-based resources (IBRs). This paper focuses on a concept that leverages historical time-series data obtained from...

Today’s power system is transforming into an increasingly complex entity, consisting of numerous components, such as transmission lines, controllable loads, and especially different types of distributed renewable energy sources (DERs). With the growing integration of DERs into the grid, multiple operational challenges arise, including overvoltage,...

A novel control mechanism is presented for rural microgrids, standing out in the current literature with its advanced approach to load prioritisation and energy allocation. The system's main goal is to maximise energy supply to essential loads while effectively managing available resources. Distinct from traditional methods, this mechanism dynamica...

OPAL RT23: Optimization of the Parameters of Under-Frequency Load Shedding Schemes (UFLSs) and Grid Forming (GFM) Converters Lisbon, Portugal. Wednesday 15th November 2023

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic (PV) systems into distribution networks introduces intermittent and variable power, leading to high voltage fluctuations. High PV integration can also result in increased terminal voltage of the network during periods of high PV generation and low load consumption. Thes...

TITLE: "Understanding the Grid-Forming Control for Inverter-Based Resources (IBR): Theory and Practice" EVENT: Webinar "Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL", Ecuador. DATE: 27th Octubre 2023 TIME: 18:00 Ecuador time, 00:00 British time 01:00 EU time (+1-day)

Webinar at IEEE PES Section University of Florida, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Miami, USA Title: “Understanding of Grid-Forming Control for Inverter-Based Resources: Theory and Practice” Date: Wednesday, 25th October 2023 10:00am (US time)

Title: Demystifying Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) Modelling and Simulation Keywords: Co-simulation, control, digital simulation, digital real-time simulation, modelling, power systems, simulation. Event: IEEE Saudi Arabia Section Date: September 2023 Place: Saudi Arabia Website: King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) IEEE Saudi...

This presentation shows step-by-step the implementation of the FGL 3-bus test system. The steps followed here can be used to implement the power flow analysis in any other network.

FGL Test Systems: Admittance matrix of FGL 3-bus test system Youtube Video: https://youtu.be/PgKunm8HjAE MATLAB file: https://github.com/fglongatt/MY_MATLAB_Simulink/tree/master/Example_Ybus_3Bus_FGL_Test_System

Short presentation of the course Cyber-Physical Systems and Real-time Simulation for Energy Systems, D1000 Individual study, PhD programme Process, Energy and Automation Engineering

This paper presents a versatile, low-cost real-time control platform with embedded isolated inputs and outputs for direct usage in electrical applications. The inputs correspond to voltage and current measurements, while the outputs are digital signals with isolated power supply. The validation for the platform considers the implementation of the p...

A strategy for managing active distribution systems (ADS) requires the use of optimal control techniques that find a good solution to reduce active power losses. The solution to this type of problem presents two major difficulties: on the one hand, the optimisation problem is generically formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear propagation problem,...

In recent years, there has been a change in paradigm regarding the modelling and simulation of IBG-dominated power systems. The reason is that IBG is interfaced to the grid through power electronic converters (PECs) whose dynamics are defined by their control algorithms and the behavior of the electronic switches [1]. Real-time simulators are bei...

This presentation was used in a quick video to introduce some of the features related to time characteristics used in Quasi-dynamic simulations in DIgSILENT PowerFactory.

Distribution grids are subject to a drastic evolution in their operating conditions due to the high integration of renewable energy resources (RES) and their ability to regulate voltage. To cope with this issue, modern solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are equipped with smart inverters enabled with communication capabilities that allow the coordinate...

The penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) is growing significantly in recent times, especially the integration of distribution systems (DS). The transition of a DS from no DER to high DER penetration must avoid unfavourable operating conditions. For this purpose, the hosting capacity (HC) concept has been introduced in recent years to a...

Tools for Secure and Reliable future power converter-dominated systems: Off-line simulations, co-Simulation, and digital real-time simulation. This seminar is dedicated to providing a comprehensive overview of the leading modelling and simulation tools used in PECs-dominated power systems. The seminar starts with an overview of PEC-dominated power...

Protective relays are an integral part of the power grid, making it reliable and secure against abnormal conditions. Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) can be employed to test and validate digital protective relay devices in the real-time simulation comprising hardware and software before actual implementation. However, the HIL technique requires a complex...

The complexity of modern power system phenomena challenges power system protection testing to obtain the required adequacy of the testing environment before actual implementation. Consequently, a virtual hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing platform for line protection is developed and tested in this chapter. The distance protective relay is tested u...

Cyber infrastructures have been extensively used for power system monitoring, control, and operation because of the development of new information and communications technology (ICT) in power systems. Deployment of cyber-physical co-simulation in the case of a realistic distribution network is still a big challenge. Hence, to solve the problem of m...

Distribution grids are subject to a drastic evolution in their operating conditions due to the high integration of renewable energy resources (RES) and their ability to regulate voltage. To cope with this issue, modern solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are equipped with smart inverters enabled with communication capabilities that allow the coordinate...

Title: Ultra-high fidelity Digital Real-Time Simulation To Achieving Carbon Neutrality Event: 1st International Conference on Renewable Solutions for Ecosystems: Towards a Sustainable Energy Transition Date: 6th-7th May 2023 Location: Djelfa, Algelia

The penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) is growing significantly in recent times, especially the integration of distribution systems (DS). The transition of a DS from no DER to high DER penetration must avoid unfavourable operating conditions. For this purpose, the hosting capacity (HC) concept has been introduced in recent years to a...

This is a short presentation showing details of how to install and import external Python packages in Typhoon HIL. It includes an explanation and Python code to import the power system analysis library PandaPower and the well-known library for machine learning and AI, scikit-learn We hope you find this useful. The slides are accompanied by a Youtub...

Experiences in a Cyber-Physical Co-Simulation Testbed Development for a Smarter Distribution Network DIgEnSys-Lab (Digital Energy Systems and Lab) https://fglongattlab.fglongatt.org/index.html

In the significant transition towards clean energies, there has been an unstoppable trend in integrating renewable energy sources (RESs) in distribution networks. This paper concisely defines the setting for overcurrent protection applied to the CIGRE European (EU) Medium Voltage (MV) benchmark network, that is commonly recommended for RESs penetra...

Reaching net-zero emissions inside the proposed time requires an enormous effort from the energy sector, and it is even more challenging for the electricity infrastructure. This article offers a modified version of the IEEE 39-bus system specifically created to allow zonal day-ahead market (ZDAM) simulations. The system representation is based on t...

Future distribution networks (DN) are subject to rapid load changes and high penetration of variable distributed energy resources (DER). Due to this, the DN operators face several operational challenges, especially voltage violations. Optimal power flow (OPF)‐based reactive power control (RPC) from the smart converter (SC) is one of the viable solu...

With the rise of integration of renewable energy sources, existing electric power distribution networks are facing a variety of technical obstacles, one of which is modelling of the distribution networks for real-time network monitoring and control. This research designs and analyzes a novel cyber-physical test system for real-time reactive power c...

The growing installation of distributed energy resources (DERs) in a distribution network (DN) poses substantial issues related to voltage regulation. Due to constrained switching operation and slower response time, traditional voltage regulation devices cannot handle current voltage-related challenges. One alternative to solve these problems is to...

The grid in the electrical system in Honduras is undergoing a transformation in each of its components, from flexible generation systems, transmission, and distribution lines with greater energy transport capacity, and dynamic demand-side management adaptable to the requirements for each type of user. The flexibility of the grid is defined as its a...

A spatio-temporal method based on Robust Three-stage Dynamic Mode Decomposition (RTDMD) is proposed to improve the modal parameter estimation of synchrophasor data in the presence of noise, missing data and outliers. The proposed method is based on the PMU correlated spatio-temporal data to estimate missing information using an iterative singular v...

Future carbon-neutral power systems impose many challenges; one is the urgent need for a simulation platform that allows replicating the complex systems' actual dynamic performance. This paper shows the results of implementing a cyber-physical testbed co-simulation in real-time to analyse the system frequency response considering primary frequency...

Existing electric power distribution systems are evolving and changing as a result of the high renewable energy sources integration. Hence, future smart distribution networks will involve various technical challenges; one of them is real-time monitoring and controlling the network to operate it effectively and efficiently. This paper, develops and...

The power system continuously deals with frequency fluctuations. When a power disturbance occurs, the transmission system operators rely on the underfrequency load shedding (UFLS) scheme to address severe underfrequency (UF) events to maintain the frequency at the permissible level and prevent blackouts. Defining settings of a conventional UFLS sch...

The increasing penetration of renewable energy resources (RES) in transmission system operating conditions require a suitable test system and a dataset to cope with current issues. RES penetration remarkably affects day-ahead market outcomes regarding zonal prices and dispatched generation levels. For this purpose, zonal day-ahead energy market mod...

The increasing penetration of renewable energy resources (RES) in transmission system operating conditions require a suitable test system and a dataset to cope with current issues. RES penetration remarkably affects day-ahead market outcomes regarding zonal prices and dispatched generation levels. For this purpose, zonal day-ahead energy market mod...

TITLE: "Protection of a Six-phase Transmission Feeder: Challenges and solutions of Modelling and Simulation " CONFERENCE: 𝐃𝐈𝐆𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐋 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐓𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐔𝐒𝐄𝐑 𝐆𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐏 𝐌𝐄𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟐 DATE: 25th October 2022 BASED ON: BASED ON THE PAPER: S. Shen, P. Crossley, Z. Wang and X. Ding, "Simulation on single-pole tripping of phase segregated current differential relay pr...

Experiences in Cyber-Physical Systems and Digital Technologies to ensure secure future power systems

Cyber-physical Testbed Co-simulation Real-time: System Frequency Response

This research project creates a novel cyber-physical framework to assess the performance of innovative fast-frequency controls applied to multi-energy energy storage systems.

The operation schedule of the power generation units in electrical power systems is determined by the optimisation problem known as unit commitment (UC), aiming at minimising the total cost considering the generation constraints. To obtain a feasible solution from the network perspective, the security-constrained UC (SCUC) problem has been defined,...