Francisco Carrillo-Perez

Stanford Medicine | Stanford

One of the most captivating problems being faced nowadays in Physics are ultra-high energy cosmic rays. They are high-energy radiations coming mainly from outside the Solar System, and when they enter Earth’s atmosphere, they produce a cascade of particles. This cascade of particles, named as extensive air shower, can be recorded by means of photom...

Background Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two most prevalent lung cancer types, and their distinction requires different screenings, such as the visual inspection of histology slides by an expert pathologist, the analysis of gene expression or computer tomography scans, among others. In recent years, there has been an increasing...

Lung cancer is one of the most frequent cancer types, and one among those causing more deceases worldwide. Nowadays, in order to improve the diagnosis of cancer more screenings are performed to the same patient and various biological sources are being gathered. Fusing the information provided by these sources can lead to a more robust diagnosis, wh...

Objective To perform a comprehensive review of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in dentistry, providing the community with a broad insight on the different advances that these technologies and tools have produced, paying special attention to the area of esthetic dentistry and color research. Materials and methods T...

Differentiation between the various non-small-cell lung cancer subtypes is crucial for providing an effective treatment to the patient. For this purpose, machine learning techniques have been used in recent years over the available biological data from patients. However, in most cases this problem has been treated using a single-modality approach,...

Undetected infection and delayed isolation of infected individuals are key factors driving the monkeypox virus (now termed mpox virus or MPXV) outbreak. To enable earlier detection of MPXV infection, we developed an image-based deep convolutional neural network (named MPXV-CNN) for the identification of the characteristic skin lesions caused by MPX...

Synthetic data generation offers a solution to the data scarcity problem in biomedicine where data are often expensive or difficult to obtain. By increasing the dataset size, more powerful and generalizable machine learning models can be trained, improving their performance in clinical decision support systems. The generation of synthetic data for...

The acquisition of multi-modal biological data for the same sample, such as RNA sequencing and whole slide imaging (WSI), has increased in recent years, enabling studying human biology from multiple angles. However, despite these emerging multi-modal efforts, for the majority of studies only one modality is typically available, mostly due to financ...

Sequencing of the human genome in the early 2000s enabled probing of the genetic basis of disease on a scale previously unimaginable. Now, two decades later, after interrogating millions of markers in thousands of individuals, a significant portion of disease heritability still remains hidden. Recent efforts to unravel this ‘missing heritability’ h...

Objective: To determine the visual 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability CIEDE2000 lightness, chroma and hue human gingiva thresholds. Methods: A psychophysical experiment based on visual assessments of simulated images of human gingiva on a calibrated display was performed. A 20-obsever panel (dentists and laypersons; n=10) evaluated three su...

Background Despite all the medical advances introduced for personalized patient treatment and the research supported in search of genetic patterns inherent to the occurrence of its different manifestations on the human being, the unequivocal and effective treatment of cancer unfortunately remains as an unresolved challenge within the scientific pan...

Due to the high spread of the COVID-19 virus, several diagnosis support systems are being developed in order to detect the disease in a faster and accurate way. In this paper, a stacking method for Computed Tomography (CT) scans has been implemented for the pre-processing step. The method combines both slice normalization and lung segmentation in a...

Due to the urgency of the COVID pandemic, it is necessary to develop new and quick methods to detect the infection and stop the spread of the disease. In this work we compare a simple Deep Learning (DL) model with an ensemble model in the task of COVID detection in X-Ray images. For the simple model, we have used only frontal DX X-Ray images while,...

KnowSeq R/Bioc package is designed as a powerful, scalable and modular software focused on automatizing and assembling renowned bioinformatic tools with new features and functionalities. It comprises a unified environment to perform complex gene expression analyses, covering all the needed processing steps to identify a gene signature for a specifi...

Objective To evaluate the influence of neutral color backgrounds on the perception of color differences in dentistry. Methods A software was developed for this study that calculated the perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) thresholds of color differences between a pair of computer-simulated incisor samples (n = 60 pairs) over three neutral c...

Objective To evaluate color, lightness, chroma, hue, and translucency adjustment potential of resin composites using CIEDE2000 color difference formula. Methods Three resin composites (Filtek Universal, Harmonize, and Omnichroma) were tested. Two types of specimens were prepared: an outer base shade with an inner hole filled with test shades and s...

The mDurance® system is an innovative digital health tool that combines wearable surface electromyography (sEMG), mobile computing and cloud analysis to streamline and automatize the assessment of muscle activity. The tool is particularly devised to support clinicians and sport professionals in their daily routines, as an assessment tool in the pre...

Objective: To evaluate the influence of neutral color backgrounds on visual thresholds using three color difference metrics: CIELAB, CIEDE2000(1:1:1) and CIEDE2000(2:1:1). Methods: Sixty observers (dentists and laypersons; n = 30) from three countries participated in the study. A psychophysical experiment based on visual assessments of simulated...

The study of cosmic rays remains as one of the most challenging research fields in Physics. From the many questions still open in this area, knowledge of the type of primary for each event remains as one of the most important issues. All of the cosmic rays observatories have been trying to solve this question for at least six decades, but have not...

The integration of different sources of information for proper classification is of utter importance, specially in the biomedical field. Many different sources of information can be collected from a patient and they all may contribute to an accurate diagnosis. For example in cancer disease these can include gene expression (RNA-Seq) or Tissue Slide...

Computational intelligence has challenged the scientific frontiers of all sciences. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to many areas of medical and dental sciences, including color sciences. Understanding neural networks and machine learning (ML) techniques will assist future developments on problem solving and color sciences in Dentistr...

Machine learning algorithms have shown their usefulness in a countless variety of fields. Specifically in the astrophysics field, these algorithms have helped the acceleration of our understanding of the Universe and the interaction between particles in recent years. Deep learning algorithms, enclosed in machine learning field, are showing outstand...

Objective: To determine the visual whiteness thresholds for esthetic dentistry using the whiteness index for dentistry based on CIELAB color space (WID). Methods: A total of 60 observers (Dentists and Laypersons; n=30) from three research sites participated in the study. A psychophysical experiment based on visual assessments of simulated images...

INTRODUCTION: Low Back Pain is a common muscular disorder that most adults would experience over their lives. In healthy patients at the end of a lumbar flexion occur a phenomenon called the Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon. Ratios between different phases of lumbar flexion can help diagnosing LBP patients. The aim of this work is to create an automat...

Alzheimer is one of the diseases that affect the most to the elderly in the whole world. The cure is unknown, so an early diagnosis is very important in order to make improvements in the patient's life. With this disease we have the problem that an early diagnosis is really complicated, adding the fact that it could be difficult to distinguish it a...

Objective: To determine 50:50% perceptibility threshold (PT) and 50:50% acceptability threshold (AT) for computer-simulated samples of human gingiva using CIEDE2000 and CIELAB color difference formulas. Materials and methods: Each of the 60 pairs of simulated human gingiva was displayed on a calibrated monitor, together with three pairs of upper...