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June 2012 - present
December 2014 - present
September 2010 - February 2011
Publications
Publications (108)
Bilayer nickel oxide (NiOx)/[2‐(3,6‐dimethoxy‐9H‐carbazol‐9yl) ethyl] phosphonic acid (MeO‐2PACz) hole transport layers have become attractive for perovskite solar cells and tandem architectures. However, challenges such as the instability of NiOx ink, hole accumulation, and trap‐assisted non‐radiative recombination at the interface remain major dr...
Semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs) for tandem applications typically use a buffer layer deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to protect the cell stack from the damage induced by the sputtering of the transparent electrode. Here, we present a simple yet effective solution-processed buffer layer based on metal-oxide nanoparticles...
Perovskite solar cells have rapidly advanced, achieving over 26% power conversion efficiency on the laboratory scale. However, transitioning to large-scale production remains a challenge due to limitations in conventional fabrication methods like spin coating. Here, we introduce an optimized blade coating process for the scalable fabrication of lar...
Perovskite solar cells promise to be part of the future portfolio of photovoltaic technologies, but their instability is slow down their commercialization. Major stability assessments have been recently achieved but reliable accelerated ageing tests on beyond small-area cells are still poor. Here, we report an industrial encapsulation process based...
Efficient semi‐transparent solar cells can extend the adoption of photovoltaics beyond standard utility‐scale, commercial, or residential applications. Halide perovskites are particularly suitable in this respect owing to their tunable bandgap. The main drawbacks in the development of transparent perovskite solar cells are the high open‐circuit vol...
Perovskite solar cells, known for high efficiency and compatibility with various photovoltaic (PV) applications, have garnered significant attention from academia and industry. Scaling up these cells conventionally involves fabricating modules with series‐connected cells using a monolithic interconnection based on the P1‐P2‐P3 scheme, a common appr...
Perovskite technology has been advancing at unprecedented levels over the past years, with efficiencies reaching up to 26.1%. State-of-the-art results are obtained on a very small area scale (<0.1 cm
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), by adopting high materials wasting processes...
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly advanced, achieving over 26% efficiency on laboratory scale. Transitioning to large-scale production, however, remains a challenge due to limitations in conventional fabrication methods like spin coating. This study introduces an optimized blade coating process for the scalable fabrication of large-area (1...
p>Perovskite technology has been advancing at unprecedented levels in the last years, with efficiencies reaching up to 25.7%. State of art results are obtained on a very small area scale (<0.1cm2), by adopting high materials wasting processes not compatible with industry and with market exploitation. Silicon is a well-established technology and one...
p>Perovskite technology has been advancing at unprecedented levels in the last years, with efficiencies reaching up to 25.7%. State of art results are obtained on a very small area scale (<0.1cm2), by adopting high materials wasting processes not compatible with industry and with market exploitation. Silicon is a well-established technology and one...
Perovskite solar cells have received considerable attention for their increasing photovoltaic performance achieved through fine optimization of stacking layers and experimentation with device architecture. The incorporation of interlayers has been shown to positively impact the fabrication process by improving photovoltaic parameters. In recent yea...
Perovskite Solar Technology is coming to a turning point, with efficiencies reaching up to 25.7%[1]. These results are obtained on FAPbI3 based perovskite and only by few research centres worldwide, mainly due to a well-known narrow band-gap perovskite structure difficult to stabilize [2][3]. In this work, FAPbI3 based perovskite have been investig...
Efficient semi-transparent solar cells can trigger the adoption of building integrated photovoltaics. Halide perovskites are particularly suitable in this respect owing to their tunable bandgap. Main drawbacks in the development of transparent perovskite solar cells are the high Voc deficit and the difficulties in depositing thin films over large a...
Semitransparent photovoltaics (ST-PVs) are ideal for building integrated applications because of increased energy efficiency and improved buildings' sustainability. Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are promising STPV candidates due to their high efficiency, low cost, and tunable band gap [1]. In addition, perovskites are applicable on flexible...
Flexible Perovskite solar cells have been considered promising candidates for novel applications that require a high power-to-weight ratio. However, the scalable and ambient air deposition of efficient devices are still major challenges of this technology. In addition, toxic solvents are regularly used in perovskite layer deposition that can damage...
Most thin film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda lime glass (SLG) substrates containing alkali oxides, such as Na2O. Na may diffuse from SLG into a module’s active layers through P1 lines, an area between a module’s constituent cells where the substrate‐side charge transport layer (CTL) is in direct contact with SLG. Na diffusion from SL...
The commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires the development of long-term, highly operational-stable devices. An efficient barrier layer plays a key role in improving the device stability of planar PSCs. Here, we focus on the use of sputtered indium tin oxide (ITO) as a barrier layer to stop major degradations. To mitigate effici...
The industrial and economical transition of the perovskite (PVSK) photovoltaic (PV) technology is feasible by scaling-up effective PVSK recipe and post-treatment from small area cells (˂ 1 cm 2) to sub-modules (≥ 200 cm 2). In this work, we reported on the ambient air fabrication of a low temperature planar n-i-p PVSK sub-module (total area 320 cm...
Stamping and Patterning of conjugated polymers for Artificial retina devices with spatial and spectral selectivity
Controlling the crystallization of perovskite films over large areas is key to the manufacturing of solar cells, but is difficult with existing fabrication methods. Now, researchers tailor the composition of the precursor ink to fabricate uniform and phase-pure perovskite layers, enabling a 15.3%-efficient photovoltaic module with an area of 205 cm...
Perovskite Technology is advancing at unprecedented levels in the last years, with efficiencies reaching up to 25.7%. These incredible results are obtained at very small area scale (<0.1cm 2), reducing consistently its efficiency when increasing the area, with certified efficiency reaching up to 19.3% on 5x5cm2 substrate area [1] ; Module design is...
The photoluminescence (PL) intensity is often used as an indicator of the performance of perovskite solar cells and indeed the PL technique is often used for the characterization of these devices and their constituent materials. Here we present a systematic approach to the comparison of the conversion efficiency and the PL intensity of a cell in bo...
The impending commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is plodding despite the booming power conversion efficiencies and high stabilities. Most high‐performance, stable PSCs are often processed partially with high‐temperature processes, increasing the cost of production and energy payback time. Low‐temperature‐processed PSCs are crucial a...
During the last few years research community have been interested in studying Perovskite materials, a brilliant semiconductor with excellent charge mobilities that has the capability to tune the bandgap, to be deposited by low temperature (below 100°C) and by solution-processable techniques, lowering the actual production cost of its Silicon counte...
Solution-processed photodetectors could be of use in large-area light-sensing applications because they can be fabricated at low cost on plastic substrates and their absorption spectra can be tuned by chemical design. However, fabricating photodetectors with low dark currents and integrating them into high-resolution backplanes remains challenging....
Tremendous efforts have been dedicated toward minimizing the open-circuit voltage deficits on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and the fill factors are still relatively low. This hinders their further application in large scalable modules. Herein, we employ a newly designed ammonium salt, cyclohexylethylammonium iodide (CEAI), for interfacial enginee...
Textile electronics embedded in clothing represent an exciting new frontier for modern healthcare and communication systems. Fundamental to the development of these textile electronics is the development of the fibers forming the cloths into electronic devices. An electronic fiber must undergo diverse scrutiny for its selection for a multifunctiona...
Perovskite Solar Technology nowadays is reaching impressive results, with efficiencies over 25.5%. However, these results are based on small area cell (active area <0.09cm2). We need to bring these numbers over large areas to get the research community heard by companies and politics, achieving results on module base perovskite devices. Perovskite...
The use of solution processes to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represents a winning strategy to reduce capital expenditure, increase the throughput, and allow for process flexibility needed to adapt PVs to new applications. However, the typical fabrication process for PSC development to date is performed in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen),...
The upscaling of perovskite solar cells is one of the challenges that must be addressed to pave the way toward the commercial development of this technology. As for other thin-film photovoltaic technologies, upscaling requires the fabrication of modules composed of series-connected cells. In this work we demonstrate for the first time the interconn...
The Building Integration Photovoltaics (BIPV) makes possible the power generation from roofs, windows or facades. The c-Si or a-Si PV cannot fully satisfy aesthetic requirements as transparency and colouring, and facing problems as poor irradiation, shading and temperatures. Among the new generation PV, Perovskite solar cell technology reached top...
The recent research has shown that perovskite solar cells with a mixed dual A–cation have much better structural stability without loss of efficiency than single cation devices. Mixed cation perovskites create a lot of questions about the salts being used for the formation of the best quality layer. Here, we have investigated the three sources of b...
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of NiO based perovskite solar cells recently hit a record 22.1% with hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite composition and a PCE above 15% in the full inorganic configuration. Moreover, NiO processing is a mature technology, with different industrially attractive processes demonstrated in the last years. These co...
The operation of halide perovskite optoelectronic devices, including solar cells and LEDs, is strongly influenced by the mobility of ions comprising the crystal structure. This peculiarity is particularly true when considering the long‐term stability of devices. A detailed understanding of the ion migration‐driven degradation pathways is critical t...
Degradation rates in perovskite solar cells (PSC) were previously shown to be bias‐dependent, however little is known about the mechanisms and driving factors that account for such degradation. Herein we demonstrate that stability study under concentrated sunlight is a powerful experimental methodology to investigate bias‐dependent PSC degradation...
In order to achieve the highest performance of organometal trihalide perovskite solar cells, it is required to recognize the dominant mechanisms which play a key role in a perovskite material. In the following studies, we have focused on the interfacial recombination between the hole transporting layer (HTL) and the perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 in solar c...
In the last decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great potentialities in developing low cost, flexible, lightweight and high-throughput new generation photovoltaic technology 1. Many factors can affect the PSCs' efficiency and stability and nowadays several strategies have been proposed to improve the perovskite layer morphology and to...
Most high efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) rely on titanium dioxide (TiO2) electron transport layers (ETLs) that are usually processed at high temperature (> 450 °C). Consequently, a fully solution-based process of PSCs with TiO2 ETL on inexpensive flexible polymer substrates is not feasible. Therefore, a scalable low temperature TiO2 ETL i...
Hybrid-organic perovskites are proven materials for thin-film photovoltaics, with efficiencies over 23.25% at lab-scale. In order to promote the lab-scale research to fab-scale, it is essential to achieve an environmentally-friendly, affordable, and highly efficient process. Here, we report on the upscaling of sheet-to-sheet (S2S) slot-die processi...
Current lab-scale fabrication of perovskite solar cells involves the use of toxic solvents in the different fabrication steps. The aim of this research is to find a non-toxic alternative to chlorobenzene used for the deposition of hole transport material (HTM) Spiro-OMeTAD. The initial selection of the solvents compatible with industrial manufactur...
The feasibility of upscaling the perovskite solar cells technologies to high volume production using roll‐to‐roll (R2R) slot die coating is demonstrated in this study. Perovskite solar cells are produced by R2R slot die coating on flexible substrates with a width of 30 cm and the web speed of 3–5 m min−1. R2R deposition of the electron transport la...
We report on the spin-coated (SC) and sheet-to-sheet (S2S) slot-die processed stable non-transparent and semi-transparent PSCs. Results demonstrated that S2S upscaling from small to 15x15 cm2 area exhibited no loss in PCE of PSCs. In this study, a Cs/FA/MA triple cation perovskite has been deposited as absorber layer, and metal oxide layers have be...
Metal-halide based perovskites are extremely promising novel materials for thin-film photovoltaics, exhibiting cell power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 22.7% [1]. A number of challenges still need to be addressed before PSCs can enter the PV market. One of these challenges is the development of industry-relevant technologies for scaling up t...
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are emerging among the photovoltaic (PV) technologies due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in combination with potentially low cost manufacturing processing. In this contribution, the fabrication of efficient planar n-i-p PSCs by the modification of the electron transport layer (ETL) adopted as n-type co...
In this study, the fabrication of highly efficient and durable flexible inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported. Presynthesized, solution‐derived NiOx and ZnO nanoparticles films are employed at room temperature as a hole transport layer (HTL) and electron transport layer (ETL), respectively. The triple cation perovskite films are produc...
The development of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that combine high performance and operational stability is vital for implementing this technology. Recently, reversible improvement and degradation of PSC efficiency have been reported under illumination-darkness cycling. Quantifying the performance and stability of ce...
The operational stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains one of the limiting factors of their commercial implementation. We studied the long-term outdoor stability, as well as the dynamics of the cells' degradation, under constant, simulated sunlight indoor and their recovery in the dark, of ITO/SnO2/ Cs0.05((CH3NH3)0.15(CH(NH2)2)0.85)0.9...
Scalable sheet-to-sheet slot die coating processes have been demonstrated for perovskite solar cells and modules. The processes have been developed on 6in. × 6in. glass/ITO substrates for two functional layers: the perovskite photo-active layer and the Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer. Perovskite solar cells produced using these slot die coating p...
Perovskite solar cells attract a lot attention as alternative energy sources for the future energy market. With the remarkable lab-scale achievements, the investigations into a high-throughput large-scale production of perovskite devices are now on the agenda. The first step towards mass manufacturing should be a replacement of toxic solvents used...
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently attracted the attention of the scientific community because of the rapid advances in their development. Most of the state-of-the-art devices contain mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an electron transport layer. The drawback of such TiO2 layers is that it often needs high temperature sintering at 450–...
In mesostructured perovskite solar cell devices, charge recombination processes at the interface between the transparent conductive oxide, perovskite and hole transport layer are suppressed by depositing an efficient compact TiO2 blocking layer. In this contribution we investigate the role of the atomic layer deposited TiO2 on ITO-PET substrates in...
This is the first report of an investigation on flexible perovskite solar cells for artificial light harvesting by using a white light-emitting diode (LED) lamp as a light source at 200 and 400 lx, values typically found in indoor environments. Flexible cells were developed using either low-temperature sol–gel or atomiclayer- deposited compact laye...
Atomic layer deposition is widely acknowledged as a powerful technique for the deposition of high quality layers for several applications including photovoltaics (PV). The capability of ALD to generate dense, conformal, virtually pinhole-free layers becomes attractive also for the emerging organo-metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which ha...
Today poly and mono-crystalline silicon dominate the photovoltaic (PV) markets for outdoor applications. Nevertheless, there is a growing requirement for PV to be deployed in a wide variety of conditions from building-integrated, to portable electronics, to indoors for powering smart sensors, internet of things and homes. In this latter environment...
Perovskite solar cells have attracted enormous interest since their discovery only a few years ago
because they are able to combine the benefits of high efficiency and remarkable ease of processing
over large areas. Whereas most of research has been carried out on glass, perovskite deposition and
synthesis is carried out at low temperatures (o150 1...
Dye solar cells (DSCs), in their flexible form, are prone to ageing due to ingress of gas as a result of the intrinsic permeability of polymer substrates. Thus, it is important to develop proper encapsulation strategies to limit degradation. Literature on flexible DSCs lacks comparative tests with different permeation barriers, including flexible u...
The past few years have witnessed remarkable progress in solution-processed methylammonium lead halide (CH3NH3PbX3, X = halide) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with reported photoconversion efficiency (η) exceeding 20% in laboratory-scale devices and reaching up to 13% in their large area perovskite solar modules (PSMs). These devices mostly employ m...
The fabrication of different functional layers by means of atomic layer deposition is proposed for the novel organo-lead halide perovskite solar cells. A plasma-assisted process at 150 °C was adopted to deposit an efficient TiO 2 compact blocking layer on ITO-polymer substrates. Efficient flexible devices were obtained already with layers as thin a...
Perovskite solar cells employing CH3NH3PbI3-xClx active layers show power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 20% in single cells and 13% in large area modules. However, their operational stability has often been limited due to degradation of the CH3NH3PbI3-xClx active layer. Here, we report a perovskite solar module (PSM, best and av. PCE 10.5%...
The recent outbreak of organo-metal halide perovskite absorber has catalyzed the interest in the photovoltaic (PV) community due to the remarkable increase in the device performance during the last 3 years and the easy solution manufacturing steps. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is well known nowadays to be adopted in different photovoltaic (PV) tec...
Hybrid organometallic halide perovskite photovoltaics has seen remarkable growth in world wide research and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over the last two years. Key advantages of perovskites devices, together with high PCEs typical of inorganic semiconductors, are represented by the ease of deposition of the precursors of the perovskite (v...
Flexible perovskite photovoltaic modules are demonstrated for the first time. Low-temperature processes including UV-irradiation of the mesoporous TiO2 and atomic layer deposition of the compact TiO2 helps deliver solar cells with 8.4% efficiency, good flexibility, and improved stability with respect to scaffoldless equivalents. Screen-printable sc...
High efficiency is routinely reported in CH3NH3PbI3�xClx sensitized mesoscopic solar cells (PSCs) employing planar and scaffold architectures; however, a systematic comparison of their photovoltaic performance under similar experimental conditions and their long term stability have so far not been discussed. In this paper, we compare the performanc...
We fabricated monolithic solid state modules based on organometal CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3 − xClx perovskites using poly-(3-hexylthiophene) and Spiro-OMeTAD as hole transport materials (HTMs). In particular, we developed innovative and scalable patterning procedures to minimize the series resistance at the integrated series-interconnections. By us...
In this work we exploit the use of a new promising class of light harvesting materials, namely the hybrid organic halide perovskites (CH3NH3PbI3-xClx), for the fabrication of mesoscopic perovskite solar cells and series-connected monolithic perovskite module. To achieve this goal, important innovative procedures were implemented in order to define...
