Floriane Colas

• PhD in agronomical sciences
• Research engineer at MAELAB

Complex biological models such as mechanistic research models often need to extend their current use to a broader audience. Simplification and faster simulations would increase their use. Here, a step-by-step methodology was developed and applied to partially metamodel, hence accelerate, the mechanistic model FlorSys. This is a process-based, multi...

Crop diversification, both in time and in space, is essential for agroecological pest management. Process-based weed dynamics models are valuable tools to investigate this issue. Indeed, (1) weeds are the most harmful pest in arable crops and are essential for biodiversity, and (2) the processes driving crop-weed interactions are similar to those f...

Farmers and farm advisors need a decision support system (DSS) to develop multiperformant weed management strategies adapted to economic, social and environmental stakes and farmers' constraints. We worked with future users, farmers, and crop advisors to define the uses and type of DSS they needed, via an online survey, group meetings and workshops...

La diversification des cultures est un levier majeur de gestion agroécologique des bioagresseurs. Ce papier illustre avec l'exemple de FLORSYS le rôle des modèles mécanistes de dynamique des adventices pour synthétiser les connaissances, les appliquer à la conception de systèmes de culture, et les transférer vers les acteurs. Des cas d'étude illust...

Afin de réduire l’utilisation d’herbicides, nous avons besoin d’outils pour concevoir des stratégies de gestion des adventices économes en herbicides. Dans ce but, un outil d’aide à la conception de systèmes de culture réconciliant protection des cultures et des écosystèmes a été développé.Tout d’abord, la structure de ce nouvel outil d’aide à la d...

Résumé : Afin de réduire l’utilisation d’herbicides, nous avons besoin d'outils pour concevoir des stratégies de gestion des adventices économes en herbicides. La gestion complexe des adventices, la nécessité de la raisonner sur le long terme et la multiplicité des impacts du système de culture font que les outils de modélisation sont d'une grande...

Each cropping practice affects weed dynamics depending on pedoclimate or time-step. Weed management must be reasoned at the cropping-system scale and multiperformant cropping-system design is difficult. Decision Support Systems (DSS) for farmers and crop advisors are essential, and to make these tools operational and utilized in practice, end users...

In order to reduce our use ofherbicides, we need a tool to design weedmanagement strategies relying on fewerherbicides. Weed management is complicatedand, together with necessity of schedulingoperations at long-term and the multiplicity ofcropping system impacts, it explains whymodels are so useful for designing innovativecropping systems. The aim...

Integrated crop protection tolerates residual weed floras if they are not harmful for crop production. These weeds can host harmful crop pests, among which parasitic plants such as branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa). This holoparasite is responsible for large yield losses in French crops such as oilseed rape. To date, there are no herbicides a...

Weeds are harmful for crop production but important for biodiversity. In order to design cropping systems that reconcile crop production and biodiversity, we need tools and methods to help farmers to deal with this issue. Here, we developed a novel method for multi-objective cropping system design aimed at scientists and technical institutes, combi...

Models of biophysical processes are often time-consuming and their inputs are frequently correlated. This situation of non-independence between the inputs is always a challenge in view of simultaneously achieving a global sensitivity analysis of the model output and a metamodeling of this output. In this paper, a novel practical method is proposed...

This report describes the methods and results of the FLORSYS project financed by the research programme “Assessing and reducing environmental risks from plant protection products” funded by the French Ministries in charge of Ecology and Agriculture.

EASPEGESTADGEAPSIAGROSUPUBINRA

Weed dynamics models are needed to test prospective cropping systems but are rarely evaluated with independent data (“validated”). Here, we evaluated the FlorSys model which quantifies the effects of cropping systems and pedoclimate on multispecific weed dynamics with a daily time step. We adapted existing validation methodologies and uncertainty a...

La gestion intégrée des adventices consiste à combiner de nombreuses pratiques agricoles en anticipant leurs effets à long terme. La multitude de combinaisons possibles rend les systèmes de culture difficiles à concevoir et l’interaction avec le climat rend les sytèmes difficiles à mettre en oeuvre. Les agriculteurs et conseillers agricoles ont don...

Persistent seed banks are a key plant regeneration strategy, buffering environmental variation to allow population and species persistence. Understanding seed bank functioning within herb layer dynamics is therefore important. However, rather than assessing emergence from the seed bank in herb layer gaps, most studies evaluate the seed bank functio...

La fragmentation des habitats est une menace majeure pour la biodiversité mondiale. Les prairies semi-naturelles, une des communautés les plus riches en espèce dans le monde, ont vu de façon significative leur surface diminuer en Europe, avec les fragments subsistants étant toujours plus isolés. Pour apprécier les effets de la fragmentation histori...