Florian Engel

University of Wuerzburg | JMU · Department of Sport Sciences

A computer-based literature research during July 2013 using the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science was performed to assess the effect of the high intensity interval training (HIIT) on sport performance in healthy children and adolescents. Studies examining the effect of HIIT on aerobic and anaerobic performance pre...

In a randomized controlled cross-over study ten male runners (26.7 ± 4.9 years; recent 5-km time: 18:37 ± 1:07 min:s) performed an incremental treadmill test (ITT) and a 3-km time trial (3-km TT) on a treadmill while wearing either carbon fiber insoles with downwards curvature or insoles made of butyl rubber (control condition) in light road racing...

Objective Portable gas exchange instruments allow the assessment of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2peak ) but are often bulky, expensive and require wearing a face mask thereby limiting their routine application. A newly developed miniaturized headset (VitaScale, Nuremberg, Germany) may overcome these barriers and allow measuring V̇O 2peak without applyi...

Objectives To assess the impact of HIIT performed at school, i.e. both in connection with physical education (intra-PE) and extracurricular sports activities (extra-PE), on the physical fitness and health of children and adolescents. Methods PubMed and SPORTDiscus were searched systematically utilizing the following criteria for inclusion: (1) heal...

Objectives: Fluctuations of physical performance and biological responses during a repetitive daily 24-h cycle are known as circadian rhythms. These circadian rhythms can influence the optimal time of day for endurance performance and related parameters which can be crucial in a variety of sports disciplines. The current study aimed to evaluate the...

Zusammenfassung Das hochintensive Intervalltraining (HIIT) hat das Potenzial, bei Kindern und Jugendlichen die gesundheitsrelevante Fitness zu verbessern. Aus diesem Grund haben Studien HIIT im Sportunterricht oder in anderen Bereichen des Schulsettings, wie zum Beispiel im Klassenzimmer, eingesetzt. Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist, die Effektivität v...

Purpose: Replicating the studies of Gibson et al. (2017) and Brownstein et al. (2018) to assess performance and physiological and perceived variables during a repeated-sprint protocol (RSP) with standardized versus self-selected recovery in youth soccer players. Methods: Nineteen male soccer players (age: 13.1±1.3 years) completed two separate RSPs...

Regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence is associated with health benefits. Consequently, numerous health promotion programs for children and adolescents emphasize the enhancement of physical activity. However, the ActivityStat hypothesis states that increases in physical activity in one domain are compensated for by decreasing p...

In the present study we assessed the impact of kindergarten-based progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on attention and executive functioning of 5-6-year-old children. In this randomized-controlled trial, 52 children (26 female; 26 male; M age = 5.4, SD = 0.2 years) from two private Tunisian kindergartens were randomly assigned to experimental and c...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 40-min nap opportunity (N40) on performance during, markers of muscle damage and inflammation, and the perception of fatigue and recovery, in response to a 5-m shuttle run test (5msrt). Fifteen male amateur athletes performed the 5msrt under two conditions: N40 and no-nap condition (NN). Bloo...

Background: Regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence is associated with health benefits. Consequently, numerous health promotion programs for children and adolescents emphasize the enhancement of physical activity. However, the ActivityStat hypothesis states that increases in physical activity in one domain are compensated for by...

Zusammenfassung Wearable Devices versprechen durch ihre motivierende Wirkung einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Bindung des Individuums an körperlich-sportliche Aktivitäten und somit zum Aufbau und Erhalt von Gesundheit und Leistungsfähigkeit in Zeiten des digitalen gesellschaftlichen Wandels. Übergeordnetes Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Beur...

This study investigated the effects of 4-weeks repeated sprint (RST) vs. repeated high-intensity-technique training (RTT) on physical performance. Thirty-six adolescent taekwondo athletes (age: 16 ± 1 yrs) were randomly assigned to RST (10 × 35 m sprint, 10 s rest), RTT (10 × 6 s Bandal-tchagui, 10 s rest) and control (control group (CG): no additi...

Physical exercise is often associated with increases in muscle damage markers and inflammation. However, biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation responses to the 5-m shuttle run test (5mSRT) have not yet been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of the 5mSRT on muscle damage markers, inflammation, and perception o...

To evaluate the effects of Ramadan observance on dietary intake, body mass and body composition of adolescent athletes (design: systematic review and meta-analysis; data sources: PubMed and Web of Science; eligibility criteria for selecting studies: single-group, pre-post, with or without control-group studies, conducted in athletes aged <19 years,...

To evaluate the effects of Ramadan observance on dietary intake, body mass and body composition of adolescent athletes (design: systematic review and meta-analysis; data sources: PubMed and Web of Science; eligibility criteria for selecting studies: single-group, pre-post, with or without control-group studies, conducted in athletes aged <19 years,...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of running exercise modality on oxidative stress. Thirteen endurance athletes (age: 21.46 ± 0.66 years) performed three different running exercise modalities (Continuous running exercise (CR): continuous running exercise at 75% of VO2max for 25 min; intermittent running exercise #1 (15/15): intermitte...

Various studies demonstrated that multimedia learning improves when text and pictures are presented contiguously in time rather than separately – the temporal contiguity effect. The present study investigated whether this advantage is restricted to only novice learners (novices) or also extends to more knowledgeable learners (expert), and whether i...

The present study examined the effects of a functional high-intensity suspension training (FunctionalHIIT) on resting blood pressure, psychological well-being as well as on upper body and core strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in moderately trained participants. Twenty healthy, moderately trained adults (10 males and 10 females; age: 36.2 ± 11...

Objectives: Assessing the effects of Ramadan fasting on recovery following a soccer match simulation. Methods: Eight elite soccer players (age: 21.0 ± 0.4 years) performed a modified Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test protocol (LISTmod) on two occasions: 1 week before (BR) and during the fourth week of Ramadan (End-R). At BR and End-R, soccer p...

The present study assessed the short-term effect of 6 min classroom-based micro-sessions of multi-joint functional high-intensity circuit training (FunctionalHIIT) performed by students during regular classes on parameters related to functional strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. In this randomized controlled 4-week study, 17 students (11 male;...

Police officers are often required to perform under high-stress circumstances, in which optimal task performance is crucial for their and the bystanders’ physical integrity. However, stress responses, particularly anxiety and increased cortisol levels, shift attention from goal-directed to stimulus-driven control, leaving police officers with poor...

Purpose. To compare the effect of different durations of nap opportunity during the daytime on repeated high-intensity short-duration performance and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Methods. Seventeen physically active men (age: 21.3±3.4 y, height: 176.7±5.9 cm, body mass: 71.8±10.2 kg) performed a 5 m shuttle run test (to determine best distan...

Purpose To assess changes in short-term maximal performance, alertness, dietary intake, sleep pattern and mood states of physically active young men before (BR), during and after Ramadan observance. Methods Twelve physically-active men (age: 21.9±2.4yrs, height:1.77±0.09m, body-mass: 72.6±7.8kg, exercising: ≥3h/week) performed the 5-jump and the d...

As verbal encouragement (VE) is used in high intensity functional exercise testing, this randomized controlled crossover study aimed at investigating whether VE affects high intensity functional strength and endurance performance testing. We further examined between-day variability of high intensity functional strength and endurance performance tes...

The present study assesses the impact of Kindergarten-based yoga on cognitive performance, visual-motor coordination, and behavior of inattention and hyperactivity in 5-year-old children. In this randomized controlled trial, 45 children (28 female; 17 male; 5.2 ± 0.4 years) participated. Over 12 weeks, 15 children performed Hatha-yoga twice a week...

BACKGROUND: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is frequently employed to improve the endurance of various types of athletes. To determine whether youth soccer players may benefit from the intermittent load and time efficiency of HIIT, we performed a meta-analysis of the relevant scientific literature. OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to...

Hintergrund: Hochintensives Intervalltraining (HIIT) wurde als zeiteffiziente Alternative zum traditionellen niedrigintensiven Ausdauertraining in der Bewegungstherapie von chronischen Erkrankungen identifiziert. Ziel: Analyse der Effekte von Trainingsinterventionen mit HIIT auf für Übergewicht relevante Parameter bei Jugendlichen. Methoden: Eine c...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of time of day on short-term repetitive maximal performance and psychological variables in elite judo athletes. Methods: Fourteen Tunisian elite male judokas (age: 21±1 years, height:172±7 cm, body-mass: 70.0±8.1 kg) performed a repeated shuttle sprint and jump ability (RSSJA) test (6×2×12...

Laboratory studies confirm physical activity and physical fitness to be protective factors against mental stressors. However, there is still little evidence on the transferability of these findings into real-life stress situations. The main aim of this study was to examine the impact of physical activity and physical fitness on real-life psychophys...

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of timing lights (TL) at different heights for measuring velocities during sprinting. Methods: Two sets of single beam TL were used to determine velocities reached in a flying 20-m sprint in 15 healthy and physically active male participants. In TL64, all TL were set up at a height...

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is as a time-efficient alternative to moderate- or low-intensity continuous exercise for improving variables related to endurance and anaerobic performance in young and adolescent athletes. Objectives: To assess original research about enhancement of endurance and anaerobic exercise performance in...

Introduction High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is as a time-efficient alternative to moderate low-intensity continuous exercise for improving variables related to endurance performance in young and adolescent athletes. The aim of the present study is to assess original research about enhancement of endurance and exercise performance in young...

Objectives: To evaluate the immediate responses to forearm compression of blood lactate concentration, heart rate, perceived exertion and local forearm muscle pain during severe climbing in elite climbers. Method: Seven elite climbers (18 ± 2 years; 164 ± 5 cm; 57.8 ± 5.3 kg) performed 3 × 3 climbing bouts with maximal intensity on a distinct 8 m b...

Hintergrund und Ziel Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Analyse der Effekte einer 6‑wöchigen Ausdauertrainingsintervention (hochintensives Intervalltraining [HIIT] vs. Grundlagenausdauer [GAT]) im Rahmen des Sportunterrichts auf motorische Leistung, subjektives Belastungsempfinden sowie psychische Stimmung von 11-jährigen Schüler/innen. Meth...

In diesem Band werden fünf Praxisbereiche behandelt, in denen „Moden und Mythen“ weit verbreitet sind. Die einzelnen Beiträge zu den Themen „hoch-intensives Ausdauertraining“ (Billy Sperlich, Würzburg), „Faszientraining“ (Frieder Krause, Frankfurt/Main), „Computer- und Videospiele“ (Jan Sohnsmeyer, Heidelberg), „Ernährung“ (Alexandra Schek, Gießen)...

Introduction High-Intensity interval training (HIIT) has shown to enhance aerobic capacity in both trained (Sperlich et al. 2011) and untrained children (Baquet et al. 2002) involving less time/session compared to low intensity aerobic training (LOW). However, to date, the effects and applicability of HIIT performed during regular physical educatio...

The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of different timing light heights on sprint time and the validity of measurement. Two single beam timing gate systems were used to measure 30-m sprint time (splits at 5 m and 10 m) in 15 healthy and physically active male subjects. System 1 was set up at a height of 0.64 m, system 2 at 0.25 m (in...

Background Runners at various levels of performance and specializing in different events (from 800 m to marathons) wear compression socks, sleeves, shorts, and/or tights in attempt to improve their performance and facilitate recovery. Recently, a number of publications reporting contradictory results with regard to the influence of compression garm...

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs high-volume training (HVT) on salivary stress markers [cortisol (sC), testosterone (sT), alpha-amylase (sAA)], metabolic and cardiorespiratory response in young athletes. Methods Twelve young male cyclists (14 ± 1 years; 57.9 ± 9.4 mL min−1...

This book presents recent research addressing the effects of different types of compression clothing on sport performance and recovery after exercise. It is also the first book that summarizes the effects of compression clothing on all main motor abilities in the context of various sports, offering a wealth of practical guidelines on how to optimiz...

Athletes specializing in different endurance sports at various levels of performance wear compression garments to improve their performance and facilitate recovery. The purpose of this chapter is outline the effects of compression garments on performance and recovery in endurance disciplines. A computerized research of the electronic databases PubM...

Die Laufökonomie (engl.: "running economy", RE) ist als Energieverbrauch bei submaximaler Laufgeschwindigkeit definiert und wird als Sauerstoffverbrauch bei konstanter und submaximaler Laufgeschwindigkeit quantifiziert. Der vorliegende Artikelfasst relevante Trainingsinterventionen zur Verbesserung der RE zusammen und welche Mechanismen diesen Verä...

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023701

This study characterized the impact of high-intensity interval training on the kinetics of blood lactate and performance in trained boys and men. Twenty-one boys (11.4 ± 0.8 years) and 19 men (29.4 ± 5.0 years) performed a set of four 30-s sprints with 2-min of rest and a single 30-s sprint on 2 separate occasions (randomized order) with assessment...

This study aimed to determine the effects of a single high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on salivary cortisol (SC) levels, physiological responses, and performance in trained boys and men. Twenty-three boys (11.5 ± 0.8 years) and 25 men (29.7 ± 4.6 years) performed HIIT (4 consecutive Wingate Anaerobic Tests). SC in boys and men increa...

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of active (AR) and passive recovery (PR) after a high-intensive repeated sprint running protocol on physiological parameters in children and adults. Blood lactate (La) and blood pH were obtained during two sets of 5 x 5 s all-out sprints and several times during subsequent 30-min recovery in 16 childr...

Kinder sind gegenüber Ermüdung während Hoch Intensivem Intervall Training (HIIT) widerstandsfähiger und regenerieren nach HIIT schneller als Erwachsene, doch sind die genauen Gründe dafür unklar (Ratel et al., 2006). Eine Ursache könnte die schnelle Blutlaktatkinetik (BLK) von Kindern nach einzelnen hochintensiven Belastungen darstellen (Beneke et...

Introduction Recovery from High Intensive Interval Training (HIIT) and High Intensive Training (HIT) is faster in children than in adults but the exact mechanisms for the difference in recovery remain unclear (Ratel et al., 2006). However, recovery of blood lactate kinetics and muscle power following HIIT and HIT in trained boys remains relatively...

Introduction High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) has become popular since physiological relevant adaptations were detected in aerobic and anaerobic performance in elite and youth soccer players after HIT interventions (McMillan et al., 2005; Helgerud, et al., 2011). Admittedly, physical activity with workload of >75% of VO2max causes increased c...