Florence Chapeland-Leclerc

Université Paris Cité · Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain LIED UMR 8236 ET Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris

Under ideal conditions, the growth of the mycelial network of a filamentous fungus is monotonous, showing an ever increasing complexity with time. The components of the network growth are very simple and based on two mechanisms: the elongation of each hypha, and their multiplication by successive branching. These two mechanisms are sufficient to pr...

The growth of the mycelial network of a filamentous fungus is monotonous, showing an ever increasing complexity with time. The components of the network growth are very simple and based on two mechanisms: the elongation of each hypha, and their multiplication by successive branching. These two mechanisms are sufficient to produce a complex network,...

The growth of the network of a filamentous fungus is monotonous, showing an ever increasing complexity with time. The components of network growth are very simple and based on two mechanisms, the elongation of each hyphae and their multiplication by successive branching. These two mechanisms are sufficient to produce a complex network, and could on...

The coprophilous ascomycete Podospora anserina is known to have a high potential to synthesize a wide array of secondary metabolites (SMs). However, to date, the characterization of SMs in this species, as in other filamentous fungal species, is far less than expected by the functional prediction through genome mining, likely due to the inactivity...

Based upon apical growth and hyphal branching, the two main processes that drive the growth pattern of a fungal network, we propose here a two-dimensions simulation based on a binary-tree modelling allowing us to extract the main characteristics of a generic thallus growth. In particular, we showed that, in a homogeneous environment, the fungal gro...

Based upon apical growth and hyphal branching, the two main processes that drive the growth pattern of a fungal network, we propose here a two-dimensions simulation based on a binary-tree modelling allowing us to extract the main characteristics of a generic thallus growth. In particular, we showed that, in a homogeneous environment, the fungal gro...

Background Multi-drug resistant bacteria hazards to the health of humans could be an agent in the destruction of human generation. Natural products of Bacillus species are the main source to access progressive antibiotics that can be a good candidate for the discovery of novel antibiotics. Wild honey as a valuable food has been used in medicine wit...

31 Fungal Genetics Conference March, 15-20, 2022 Asilomar, California

Light serves as a source of information and regulates diverse physiological processes in living organisms. Fungi perceive and respond to light through a complex photosensory system. Fungi have evolved the desensitization mechanism to adapt to the changing light signal in a natural environment. White light exerts multiple essential impacts on the mo...

The model ascomycete Podospora anserina , featured by its strict sexual development, is a prolific but yet unexploited reservoir of natural products. The GATA-type transcription factor NsdD has been characterized by the role in balancing asexual and sexual reproduction, and governing secondary metabolism in filamentous fungi. In the present study,...

Cancer is a serious debilitating disease and one of the most common causes of death. In recent decades the high risk of various cancers enforced scientists to discover novel prevention and treatment methods to diminish the mortality of this terrifying disease. Accordingly, its prevention can be possible in near future. Based on epidemiological evid...

Background The disparity of harvesting locations can influence the chemical composition of a plant species, which could affect its quality and bioactivity. Terminalia albida is widely used in traditional Guinean medicine whose activity against malaria has been validated in vitro and in murine models. The present work investigated the antimalarial p...

The success of filamentous fungi in colonizing most natural environments can be largely attributed to their ability to form an expanding interconnected network, the mycelium, or thallus, constituted by a collection of hyphal apexes in motion producing hyphae and subject to branching and fusion. In this work, we characterize the hyphal network expan...

Background: Halophilic bacteria are potent organisms in production of novel bioactive antimicrobial compounds which might be considered in drug innovation and control of plant pathogens. Salt deserts in Semnan province are of the most permanent hypersaline areas in the North of Iran. Despite the importance of these areas, there is no scientific rep...

Abstract Background:Halophilic bacteria are potent organisms in production of novel bioactive antimicrobial compounds which might be considered in drug innovation and control of plant pathogens. Salt deserts in Semnan province are of the most permanent hypersaline areas in the North of Iran. Despite of the importance of these areas, there is no s...

The Podospora anserina genome contains a large family of 15 multicopper oxidases (MCOs), including three genes encoding a FET3-like protein, an ABR1-like protein and an ascorbate oxidase (AO)-like protein. FET3, ABR1 and AO1 are involved in global laccase-like activity since deletion of the relevant genes led to a decrease of activity when laccase...

The molecular pathways involved in the development of multicellular fruiting bodies in fungi are still not well known. Especially, the interplay between the mycelium, the female tissues and the zygotic tissues of the fruiting bodies is poorly documented. Here, we describe PM154, a new strain of the model ascomycetes Podospora anserina able to mate...

Plant biomass degradation by fungi is a critical step for production of biofuels and laccases are common ligninolytic enzymes envisioned for ligninolysis. Billirubin Oxidases-like (BODs) are related to laccases, but their roles during lignocellulose degradation have not yet been fully investigated. The two BODs of the ascomycete fungus Podospora an...

Transformation of plant biomass into biofuels may supply environmentally friendly alternative biological sources of energy. Laccases are supposed to be involved in the lysis of lignin, a prerequisite step for efficient breakdown of cellulose into fermentable sugars. The role in development and plant biomass degradation of the nine canonical laccase...

We describe the acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in sequential Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates collected from a bone marrow transplant patient with clinical failure. Point mutations in C. glabrata FUR1 (CgFUR1) and CgFKS2 and overexpression of CgCDR1 and CgCDR2 were observed in resistant isolates.

The aim of this work was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of flucytosine (5FC) resistance and 5FC/fluconazole (FLC) cross-resistance in 11 genetically and epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of Candida lusitaniae. We first showed that the levels of transcription of the FCY2 gene encoding purine-cytosine permease (PCP) in the isolates...

We report on the underlying molecular mechanisms likely responsible for the high-level fluconazole resistance in a Candida lusitaniae clinical isolate. Fluconazole resistance correlated with overexpression of ERG11 and of several efflux pump genes, in particular, the orthologs of the Candida albicans MDR1, PDR16, CDR1, CDR2, and YOR1.

In the present study, we have investigated the role of SSK2, PBS2, and HOG1, encoding modules of the high-osmolarity-glycerol mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in Candida lusitaniae. Functional analysis of mutants indicated that Ssk2p, Pbs2p, and Hog1p are involved in osmotolerance, drug sensitivity, and heavy metal tolerance but not in oxid...

In yeast, external signals such as high osmolarity or oxidant conditions activate the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway, which consists of two upstream branches, i.e. Sho1p and Sln1p and common downstream elements, including the Pbs2p MAPK kinase and the Hog1p MAPK. We recently showed that the Ca...

We recently characterized the histidine kinase receptor genes of Candida lusitaniae. For the present study, we have further investigated the role of SSK1 and SKN7, encoding response regulators. The results of functional analysis of mutants indicated that Ssk1p is involved in osmotolerance and pseudohyphal development, whereas Skn7p appears crucial...

We recently characterized the histidine kinase receptor genes of Candida lusitaniae. For the present study, we have further investigated the role of SSK1 and SKN7, encoding response regulators. The results of functional analysis of mutants indicated that Ssk1p is involved in osmotolerance and pseudohyphal development, whereas Skn7p appears crucial...

Fungal histidine kinase receptors (HKRs) sense and transduce many extracellular signals. We investigated the role of HKRs in morphogenetic transition, osmotolerance, oxidative stress response, and mating ability in the opportunistic yeast Candida lusitaniae. We isolated three genes, SLN1, NIK1, and CHK1, potentially encoding HKRs of classes VI, III...

Inactivation of the FCY2 (cytosine permease), FCY1 (cytosine deaminase), and FUR1 (uracil phosphoribosyltransferase) genes in Candida lusitaniae produced two patterns of resistance to flucytosine. Mutant fur1 demonstrated resistance to 5-fluorouracil, whereas mutants fcy1 and fcy2 demonstrated fluconazole resistance in the presence of subinhibitory...

In a previous work, we described the possible relationship between a defect of purine-cytosine permease and the acquisition of a cross-resistance to the antifungal combination flucytosine (5FC) and fluconazole (FLC) in Candida lusitaniae (T. Noël, F. François, P. Paumard, C. Chastin, D. Brethes, and J. Villard, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47:1275...

Mycotoxicoses are diseases that result from eating food over which microscopic fungi have developed and secreted toxic secondary metabolites. Environmental conditions favouring mycelial growth (temperature, humidity, etc.) should be carefully determined for any culture or preservation step, together with the toxigenic potential of a mould which is...

We report on five clinical isolates routinely identified as Candida lusitaniae that the ID 32C system was unable to discriminate from the closely related species Candida pulcherrima. When additional tests did not allow accurate identification, the less usual mating type test identified all of them as Clavispora lusitaniae. Mating type testing appea...

The aim of the present study was to expand the MIC database for Candida lusitaniae in order to further determine its antifungal susceptibility pattern. The activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and flucytosine were determined in vitro against 80 clinical isolates of C. lusitaniae. A set of 59 clinical isolates of Can...

The nucleotide sequence of the URA3 gene encoding orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (OMP DCase) of the human opportunistic pathogen yeast Candida lusitaniae was determined by degenerate PCR and chromosome walking. Deduced amino acid sequence showed strong homologies (59-85% identity) with OMP DCases of different Saccharomycetales and allowed ide...

Previous studies, carried out in our laboratory, upon the mode of action of anilinopyrimidines (APs) suggested that these fungicides inhibit the biosynthesis of methionine and that the primary target could be the cystathionine β-lyase (CBL). More recent works carried on with strains of Botrytis cinerea highly resistant to APs (AniR1) suggested that...

Field strains of Botrytis cinerea Pers ex Fr, the causal agent of grey mould diseases, were collected from French vineyards between 1993 and 2000. Several phenotypes have been characterized according to the inhibitory effects of fungicides towards germ-tube elongation and mycelial growth. Two types of benzimidazole-resistant strains (Ben R1 and Ben...

A survey of fungicide resistance in Mycosphaerella graminicola and Tapesia acuformis, two major pathogens of winter wheat in France, respectively responsible for speckled leaf blotch and eyespot, led to the characterization of two types of resistant strains to sterol 14α-demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). Most of the strains of M. graminicola collect...

Field strains of Botryotinia fuckeliana were isolated from diseased grape berries which were collected at the harvest, between 1993 and 1997, from French vineyards located in Alsace, Armagnac, Bordeaux, Champagne and Loire Valley. According to the inhibitory effects of fungicides towards spore germination, germ-tube elongation and mycelial growth,...

Monitoring conducted in French vineyards since 1994 led to detection of three anilinopyrimidine-resistant phenotypes in field populations of Botrytis cinerea (Botryotinia fuckeliana). A few strains were highly resistant to anilinopyrimidines (e.g., pyrimethanil) only and were named AniR1. Analysis of tetrads obtained from crosses between AniR1 and...

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