F.J. Cardenal Escarcena- PhD Sciences
- Associate Professor at University of Jaén
F.J. Cardenal Escarcena
- PhD Sciences
- Associate Professor at University of Jaén
About
83
Publications
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Introduction
Photogrammetry
LiDAR
UAV
Low cost methods
Cultural and Natural Heritage
Current institution
Education
January 1989 - May 1993
January 1989 - December 1992
October 1983 - July 1988
Publications
Publications (83)
This work considers the occurrence of the giant trace fossil Megaplanolites ibericus
from the Kimmeridgian of the Iberian Chain in Spain with the purpose of interpret-
ing the palaeoenvironmental conditions favouring the occurrence and preservation of the uncommon giant burrows. The studied section consists of a 32 m-thick succession of silty marls...
Extensive canyons, excavated into the margins of the Levant Basin during the Oligocene–Miocene, are interesting case-studies for canyon fills in carbonate settings. The carbonate Pattish Formation, developed along the margins of the pre-evaporitic Messinian Beer Sheva Canyon in Israel, was investigated using both onshore seismic imaging and field d...
This paper deals with the use of aerial photogrammetry and LiDAR techniques to analyze landslide activity over a long time span—just over 32 years. The data correspond to several aerial surveys (1984, 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2016) covering an area of about 50 km2 along highway A-44, near Jaén (Southern Spain). An ad hoc combine...
Gully erosion is one of the main processes of soil degradation, reaching 50%–90% of total erosion in basins. As erosion processes are related to rainfall regime, the depletion and deposition rates can be increasing in a climate change scenario. This paper deals with the quantification of erosion processes in an active gully affecting olive groves o...
An approach based on images captured by means of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) and Structure from Motion – Multi Video Stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry is presented for the study of the gully erosion in a catchment area of about 16 ha. The study area is located in the province of Jaén (SW Spain) where the main land use is the olive groves. Three U...
The application of 3D photogrammetric models to the analysis of rauisuchian archosaur footprints of the Middle-Upper Triassic of the south Iberian palaeomargin improves the knowledge and interpretation of the behaviour of rauisuchian archosaurs that inhabited this area. Two outcrops rich in footprints were scanned at Santisteban del Puerto and Camb...
Gully erosion is one of the main processes of soil degradation, representing 50%–90% of total erosion at basin scales. Thus, its precise characterization has received growing attention in recent years. Geomatics techniques, mainly photogrammetry and LiDAR, can support the quantitative analysis of gully development. This paper deals with the applica...
This paper presents a methodology for measuring road surface deformation due to terrain instability processes. The methodology is based on ultra-high resolution images acquired from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Flights are georeferenced by means of Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques. Dense point clouds, obtained using the multiple-view ster...
In this work a detailed analysis of the temporal evolution of the Almegíjar landslide is presented. It is a rock slide located in the Alpujarras region (Granada, Spain) that has developed over the last 30 years. Six datasets and photogrammetric flights corresponding to the years 1956, 1984, 1992, 2001, 2008, and 2010 were surveyed. The more recent...
This paper deals with the application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) techniques and high resolution photogrammetry to study the evolution of a landslide affecting olive groves. The last decade has seen an extensive use of UAV, a technology in clear progression in many environmental applications like landslide research. The methodology starts wit...
The province of Jaen (Southern Spain) has one of the largest concentrations of medieval fortresses of all Europe. Moreover ancient Iberian settlements located in oppida (fortified villages) and dated at VI-IV BC also are outstanding examples of historical heritage landmarks in the region. Most of these places are being restored or under documentati...
The province of Jaen (Southern Spain) has one of the largest concentrations of medieval fortresses of all Europe. Moreover ancient Iberian settlements located in oppida (fortified villages) and dated at VI-IV BC also are outstanding examples of historical heritage landmarks in the region. Most of these places are being restored or under documentati...
This paper presents a methodology for slope instability monitoring using photogrammetric techniques with very high resolution images from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). An unstable area located in La Guardia (Jaen, Southern Spain), where an active mud flow has been identified, was surveyed between 2012 and 2014 by means of four UAV flights. Thes...
In this work a methodology for preparing landslides susceptibility and hazard maps is presented, based in a bivariate analysis between past movements and determinant factors. The methodology for determining the susceptibility is an adaptation of the matrix method to a GIS, and it has been tested and validated in different zones and environments of...
In this work several techniques for the elaboration of landslides databases are compared. The used techniques are the digitalization on ortophotographies (monoplotting), the digitalization on aerial photographs and geometrical correction, the translate to a topographical map and digitalization, and, finally, the stereoplotting using digital photogr...
This paper presents a method for studying recent landscape evolution due to mass movements. The method presented employs digital photogrammetric techniques, combined with global positioning system (GPS) measurements, to analyse landslide features depicted in aerial images taken by ad hoc and historical flights. The method was applied and validated...
In this work it is performed a comparison of two methods for obtaining digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthoimages of
medium-sized archaeological sites (500-5000 m2). The photogrammetric methods analyzed consist in the use of a light aerial
platform applying the normal case of photogrammetry (vertical photographs and regular blocks), and the se...
This paper describes the automation and optimization in control points measurement and elaboration of sketches in Close Range
Photogrammetry. The system can be controlled by an operator alone and it integrates a robotized and reflectorless total station, two
digital cameras, a laptop computer and the control software. The measured data with the sta...
At present, airborne laser scanner systems are one of the most frequent methods used to obtain digital terrain elevation models.
While having the advantage of direct measurement on the object, the point cloud obtained has the need for classification of their
points according to its belonging to the ground. This need for classification of raw data h...
At present, cultural heritage documentation projects use a variety of spatial data acquisition techniques such as conventional
surveying, photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning. This paper deals with a full documentation project based on all those
techniques in the Royal Chapel located in the Cathedral-Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, declared Wo...
After the heavy rains of 2009/10 winter, a road cut in the national highway A-44 and the upper slope became unstable; the mass invaded the way and caused important traffic interruptions by several months. The landslide was measured by means of terrestrial laser-scanner techniques and, because of the zone morphology, the used methodology involved sc...
Se presentan diversos métodos para la documentación del Patrimonio Cultural a partir de técnicas no invasivas, y que puedan servir de base para la proyección y ejecución de actuaciones de estudio, conservación y puesta en valor.
Resumen Este trabajo presenta las ideas y trabajos preliminares del proyecto Integración de Técnicas de Fotogrametría y Escáner Láser Terrestre para la Documentación Patrimonial (IFOTEL TIN2009-09939; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Plan Nacional I+D+i, 2008-2011), con el que se pretende buscar la mejora y optimización de la documentación del p...
In recent times the methodologies and tools used for study and documentation of cultural heritage has undergone remarkable progress, we have a wide range of possibilities to tackle these tasks. However, some of these new possibilities, such as digital photogrammetric stations or laser scanner system facilitate and significantly improve the work and...
The shoreline is one of the most important features on the Earth's surface, representing a critical indicator of coastal evolution and vulnerability for any Coastal Geographic Information System. In this sense, a new methodological proposal for high accuracy shoreline mapping is outlined along the present work. Briefly, this methodology starts from...
This paper is about the evaluation of a digital non-metric reflex camera (Canon D30) for low cost applications in archaeology, architecture and cultural heritage. At present digital cameras of different geometric qualities are being routinely used for this purposes. The Canon D30 digital camera is a professional camera with a CMOS sensor of 3.2 Mp....
Terrain relief modifications are mainly due to geodynamic processes, both internal and external earth processes, to climate change and to human activities. The dynamics of these processes can be shown as slow and progressive changes or as major relief modifications. Geomorphologic changes can be considered as slope geometry modifications. Thus the...
Dimensional Analysis through Perspective (DAP) is a low cost monoscopique photogrammetric method which lies in single-photograph perspective principles applied to photographs taken by convencional (non-metric) camera. It allows extracting dimensional information related to ranges and angles of an object, if object geometry is man-made and two contr...
Avda. Los Castros s/n. 39005-Santander (SPAIN). (gonzalea, diazjr)@unican.es Commission VIII, WG VIII/2 ABSTRACT: This paper deals about the use of non metric reflex digital cameras in landslide monitoring and the analysis of landscape evolution from comparison of present digital photographs and old digitized analogue metric terrestrial photographs...
In this work several techniques for the elaboration of landslides databases are compared. The used techniques are the digitalization on ortophotographies (monoplotting), the digitalization on aerial photographs and geometrical correction, the translate to a topographical map and digitalization, and, finally, the stereoplotting using digital photogr...
Landslides are one of the most frequent deformations in the shallow layers of the Earth and have very important social and economic consequences. It is one of the more hazardous natural risks. At present landslide knowledge and modelling are an interesting research line in order to establish the susceptibility of a certain zone to be affected by on...
An algorithm using no external data is proposed for removing the inhomogeneous effect of thin cloudiness and other aerosols on multispectral satellite sensor images such as Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) images. The method consists of a series of digital processing operations and is based on principal component analysis (PCA). The goal is t...
This paper is about the evaluation of a digital non-metric reflex camera (Canon D30) for low cost applications in archaeology, architecture and cultural heritage. At present digital cameras of different geometric qualities are being routinely used for this purposes. The Canon D30 digital camera is a professional camera with a CMOS sensor of 3.2 Mp....
RESUMEN Se ha desarrollado una aplicación informática bajo entorno IDL® (Interactive Data Language) para el inventario de olivos a partir de imágenes georreferenciadas (ortofotografías digitales). Este programa aplica técnicas de tratamiento de imagen basadas en la binarización y clasificación digital. Además, la aplicación dispone de algunas herra...
Presents a low-cost and low time-consuming photogrammetric method to obtain digital 3D models and morphometric information of fossils. The original images were obtained with a previously calibrated conventional 35mm camera, digitized on desktop scanner and stored on TIFF or JPEG format. The photogrammetric treatment was done under conventional PC,...
The formation and development of gullies by surface runoff is a process affecting South of Spain. This undesirable effect
specially occurs in areas where vegetation and crops (mainly olive and other fruit trees cropping) are sparsely distributed.
In these conditions canopy can not protect soils when high torrential rainfalls occur and land degradat...
Digital Surface Models (DSM) are widely used for many applications (deriving contour and slope maps, orthoimages, building
extraction, …). To utilise DSMs effectively, it is necessary to ensure that they are accurate enough to meet the requirements
of our pecific application. In order to assess the accuracy of a DSM, two basic aspects must be consi...
Se presenta un método sencillo para la eliminación o reducción del efecto de la turbidez o falta de transparencia de la atmósfera producida sobre imágenes multiespectrales como Landsat-ETM, que hayan sido adquiridas en situaciones meteorológicas no óptimas. Bádsicamente consiste en la realización de una transformación a componentes principales, seg...
Sedimentary field surveying uses 2D outcrop images to rapidly and easily obtain quantitative information. Although photogrammetry is capable of a complete and accurate 3D analysis, this technique requires great technical expertise, as well as intricate and expensive software and hardware. Rectified digital images, instead, represent a cost-effectiv...
Se analiza el interés potencial de las técnicas fotogramétricas aplicadas al estudio de formaciones con interés geominero. Se han empleado técnicas fotogramétricas digitales mediante pares estereoscópicos y fotografías convergentes sobre afloramientos geológicos en el terreno y formaciones espeleológicas en cuevas naturales.
Se presenta un estudio preliminar sobre viabilidad de obtención de MDT de formaciones espeleológicas en cuevas naturales a partir de técnicas fotogramétricas digitales con pares estereoscópicos y fotografías convergentes. La metodología propuesta incluye calibración de una cámara semimétrica, el empleo para las tomas de una barra de construcción pr...
To utilise DSMs effectively it is necessary to ensure that they are sufficiently accurate to meet the requirements of our specific application. In order to assess the accuracy of a model two basic aspects must be considered: the measured data accuracy and the modelling quality. In this work we show a geostatistical approach to the surface modelling...
A program for the automatic inner orientation of non-metric digitized images taken with 35 and 70 mm cameras has been implemented under I.D.L. 5.0 (Interactive Data Language, release 5.0 from Research System Inc.). The program is based in the detection of the four edges that define the frame format. The approach to detect the edges uses Prewitt fil...
Se presenta una metodología para la detección y cuantificación de huecos y cavidades mineras, a partir de los planos de labores interiores, mediante técnicas de tratamiento de imágenes.
Se presentan los trabajos cartográficos realizados en el marco del Proyecto de Investigación CICYT HID98-0983, actualmente en fase de realización a cargo de las Universidades de Granada y Jaén y se expone la utilidad para el conocimiento y conservación del patrimonio minero del distrito de Linares.
This paper is part of the special publication No.158, Muds and mudstones: physical and fluid-flow properties (eds: A.C. Aplin, A.J. Fleet and J.H.S. Macquaker). This study was initiated to test the extent to which the cation exchange capacity of marine clay-rich units, through which fresh water has been recharged, controls the composition of pore w...
Se presenta un método para simulación y análisis de errores en fotogrametría de objeto cercano basado en un modelo matemático de autocalibración, el cual permite el empleo de cámaras no métricas. La primera fase del estudio comprende la simulación de las fotografías y posteriormente, una vez resuelta la autocalibración del bloque de fotografías se...
La Transformación Lineal Directa (DLT) es un método analítico desarrollado por Abdel-Aziz y Karara en la década de los 70 para la obtención de las coordenadas espaciales tridimensionales de un objeto a partir de varias fotografías convergentes del mismo, obtenidas con una cámara no métrica. Pese a su falta de rigurosidad matemática, es un método qu...
A photogrammetric study employing geostatistical techniques was carried out to detect changes due to hydric erosion in slopy termines. Photogrammetry allows accurate measurements of spatial coordinates to be made with any disturbance of natural conditions. With the experimental points, given by Photogrammetry, digital elevation models (DEM) were ge...
Se presenta un ejemplo de las posibilidades que ofrece la Fotogrametría Digital en la obtención de información topogartográfica para la planificación y control de carreteras.
Se presentan, tras una breve revisión metodológica de los fundamentos teóricos de la Geoestadística, tres ejemplos de aplicación de la metodología geosestadística al tratamiento de datos topocartográficos. Los ejemplos presentados son la generación de un MDE con cálculo de los errores de estimación, la optimización de la malla de puntos experimenta...
El estudio de la erosión hídrica en taludes requiere de información experimental que en general es de difícil y laboriosa adquisición. Se presenta un método basado en fotogrametría terrestre de corta distancia para la definición de las formas del microrrelieve con una precisión de pocos milímetros.
Se realiza un resumen de los aspectos metodológicos básicos que aporta la Fotogrametría Digital para la automatización del proceso cartográfico. Dichos aspectos se basan en la utilización de imágenes digitales que pueden ser "interpretadas" por un sistema informático y por tanto permiten la automatización de diversas etapas del proceso fotogramétri...
Las características físico-químicas e isotópicas (isótopos estables y radiactivos) de aguas de diferente procedencia (precipitaciones, ríos y subterráneas) en la vertiente sur de Sierra Nevada contribuyen a identificar distintos procesos hidrometeorológicos.
The basins of the Guadalfeo and Adra rivers extend over 2000 km2 in a region of predominantly semi-arid climate (Las Alpujarras). Their discharge is affected by (i) the high mountain environment of the head areas (Sierra Nevada Natural Park) with associated perennial flow and snowmelt effects, (ii) losing and gaining hydrogeological relationships a...
A hydrochemical study employing modelling techniques, was carried out using samples taken at 65 points (springs and wells) in Triassic carbonate aquifers (Lújar-Gádor Unit, Alpujárride Complex, Betic Cordillera). These aquifers are made up of limestones and dolomites with some gypsum scattered or interbedded. Though the area is semi-arid, recharge...
Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio hidroquímico en un acuífero carbonatado triásico localizado en una cadena montañosa costera en el Sur de la provincia de Granada (Sierra de Lújar, Complejo Alpujárride, Cordillera Bética). Este acuífero está constituido por calizas y dolomías con intercalaciones margosas y/o pelíticas y yeso diseminado. Aunque el áre...
This aquifer is made up of limestones and dolomites with marly and/or pelitic intercalations and some gypsum scattered or interbedded. Though the area is semi-arid, recharge by precipitation - rain or snow melt - is relatively high (over 6000 mm/yr) because of its mountainous nature. The recharge of the aquifer also comes from the Guadalfeo river w...
The tritium content has been analyzed in precipitation, surface and groundwater associated with the main Alpujarride carbonate aquifers to the south of Sierra Nevada (Andalusia, Spain). The precipitation wich currently recharges the Alpujarride aquifers, either by direct infiltration, or by percolation from any of the streams wich cross them, gener...
The Guadalfeo and Adra Rivers (southeast Andalusia, Spain) drain the crystalline massif of the Sierra Nevada and, before reaching the sea, cross a mountainous region occupied by permeable Triassic carbonate materials. The Beninar reservoir on the Adra River is situated in this mountainous area and is affected by considerable seepage through a serie...
We have used the single borehole method for calculating the Darcy velocity in carbonate aquifers of diffuse flow system type. The tests have been based on the labelling of the whole water column in piezometers with saline tracers (NaCl) and electrical conductivity profiles have been measured afterwards. The results were compared with those obtained...
The deuterium and oxygen-18 compositions were monitored in several single rain events in south-eastern Spain from November 1989 till April 1990. Large variations in both δ D and δ18O, as well as in the value of deuterium excess (d-value) of up to + 27‰, were recorded during this time period. The observed variations are clearly related to different...
La cuenca vertiente a la rambla de Albuñol está ocupada casi en su totalidad por materiales metapelíticos de comportamiento hidráulico básicamente impermeable. Hasta el momento, el origen de los relativamente elevados recursos de esta cuenca ha sido objeto de diferentes hipótesis. En el presente trabajo, tras revisar los principales antecedentes y...
The analytical results of three samplings of O-18 and Deuterium collected in 1988 and 1989 provide the basis on wich to identify several groundwater flow systems, mixing processes between ground and surface water and processes of evaporation and simple dissolution of salts. A local meteoric water line is established which is closer to the world-wid...
In the last decades, the photogrammetry has experienced important changes. The analytical photogrammetry, and afterwards the digital photogrammetry, has revolutionized the methods, processes and products of the photogrammetric works. These changes must be reflected in the educative university programs dedicated to the study of photogrammetry. In su...
This work is about a photogrammetric record and the 3D modelization of St. Domingo de Silos' Church (XIVth century), in Alcala la Real (Jaen, Spain). The church is located in the fortress of La Mota Castle (declared National Monument in 1931) that it was a strategic stronghold during medieval times. The origin dates from the XIVth to XVIth centurie...
This paper is about a complete photogrammetric record of St. Domingo de Silos' Church (XIVth century), in Alcala la Real (Jaen, Spain). It was declared National Monument in 1931. At present it is a ruin heavily damaged and near to collapse. So, local authorities have decided urgent actions for the reconstruction. Previous to the restoration works,...
Las Lagunillas s/n Edif A3 JAEN -SPAIN – (emata, acaro, jlperez, jcardena)@ujaen Commission WG V/1 ABSTRACT: This paper describes a system for the automatic control point measurement in close range photogrammetry. One of the most time consuming tasks in close range photogrammetry when surveyed control points are needed the correct point localisatio...
This paper describes how some mathematical models used in analytical photogrammetry can be introduced to students in an easy and comprehensive way. Most of mathematical models used in photogrammetry are solved by application of least squares on linearized equation sets through iterative processes. With this purpose some spreadsheet templates have b...
