Ferran Estebaranz-Sánchez

A new statistical proxy of analyzing dentin exposure rates of molar teeth, proposed as a reliable indicator for inter-population comparisons, was tested in relation to dietary habits and socioeconomic practices in ancient human populations from Mesolithic and Neolithic periods in the Near East and the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain) with dis...

Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is a proxy used for characterising vertebrate palaeodiets in archaeological and palaeontological studies through the acquisition of 3D micro-texture height maps using confocal microscopy. Unlike previous techniques, DMTA is a quantitative method and enables reproducibility and repeatability. However, researc...

A major event in human history was the neolithization process, which resulted in a transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture and pastoralism. Around 12000 cal BP, during the Holocene, a period of global warming, agriculture was adopted. In Southwest Asia, changes in social practices, including subsistence strategies and settlement patter...

These samples provide a relevant model for testing dietary hypotheses in relation to regression models of dentin exposure. The archaeological samples studied provide clear insights into dietary habits, lifestyle changes over time and oral health during the transition from a predominantly hunter-gatherer Mesolithic lifestyle to a sedentary, agricult...

This study analyzed the paleopathological conditions of a 30-year-old male unearthed at the site of Ya'amun in northern Jordan. The skeleton was dated back to Iron age. The paleopathological examinations were performed using macroscopic and radiological analyses. The results revealed multiple significant bone lesions, including periosteal osteosar-...

Some preliminary studies exploring the potential of three-dimensional (3D) buccal microtexture based on ISO roughness parameters, have demonstrated that 3D microtexture of buccal surfaces is a powerful tool for describing dietary aspects and feeding ecology of extant primates and can be used to infer dietary aspects of extinct taxa (Calandra, et.al...

This study aims to characterize the dietary habits of the Barcelona plain (Spain) population during the Early Bronze Age. An analysis of buccal microwear has been performed on 467 samples from 20 individuals buried in the largest cemetery of the plain of Barcelona in this period, the Plaça de la Gardunya, and 1 sample from the site of the Mercat de...

Reconstructions of diet provide valuable insights into the ecology and evolutionary history of animals and humans in the fossil record, and the history of relationships between animals and humans. Reconstruction of past diets allows tracking numerous ecological and behavioural aspects through time and across diverse geographic areas, such as, but n...

Agriculture was adopted in several regions of the world during the Holocene, around 12000 cal BP. Evidence suggests that tooth size has decreased over evolutionary time. Some authors have suggested that the change in tooth size was due to multiple factors such as dietary changes, new technologies and biological functional requirements, all of which...

Poster presentation Number 45, Session 2,Friday 11:40-13:00

La presente investigación con el título “Estudio de la variabilidad morfológica dental y craneal en primates de la tribu Papionini: modelo evolutivo a través de análisis de microtextura y morfometría geométrica” se embarca dentro del proyecto Paleobaboon Research Project (PBRP). Pretendemos estudiar la morfología dental y desgaste en primates de la...

With the advent of the Neolithic, the first manipulation of clay for various purposes was observed. Fingerprints could be imprinted due to the plastic properties of clay. Their study and analysis can allow the estimation of the sex and age of the person who left them, thus providing insight into the social organisation of past populations. In the p...

The genus Macaca belongs to Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys), Cercopithecinae, Papionini. The presence of Macaca in North Africa is well known from the Late Miocene to the Late Pleistocene. However, the diet of fossil Macaca has been poorly described in the literature. In this study, we investigated the feeding habits of Macaca cf. sylvanus (n =...

Our understanding of primate adaptive evolution depends on appreciating the way in which dental functional morphology affects food processing. The Papionini tribe of Cercopithecoidea primates shows great dietary versatility and ecological adaptations to resource seasonality across the African and Asian ecosystems, however, there are few studies foc...

Objectives This study compares ISO (ISO/FDIS 25178) roughness parameters, calculated from three‐dimensional (3D) molar buccal microtexture surfaces, among African Cercopithecoidea primates with different diets. Materials and Methods We examined 98 lower second molars from seven African Cercopithecoidea species with diverse dietary regimes and habi...

The dietary econiche exploited by Paranthropus has challenged the interpretations of paleoanthropologists, especially because there is no consensus between morphological, microwear and isotopic analyses [1-2]. The derived masticatory apparatus of Paranthropus suggests that East and South African species would have exploited a similar specialized he...

The prehistoric period of the Barcelona plain has been broadly studied by researchers due to the richness of the archaeological register. onetheless, one of the most understudied periods is the Early Bronze Age, whose archaeological register is very poor. Our research focuses on the subsistence economy from the population of Plaça de la Gardunya, w...

The study of the subsistence economy in the Prehistory of the Barcelona plain has ttracted a lot of interest from researchers due to the richness of the archaeological register. By contrast, few Early Bronze Age archaeological sites have been documented. To deepen knowledge into this understudied era, we have conducted a buccal microwear analysis t...

Paired correlations of molar topography parameters (MorphoTester) of occlusal crown curvature (DNE), complexity (OPCR) and relief (RFI), and 3D ISO/FDIS 25178 microtextural features on buccal enamel surfaces were analyzed on a sample of African Plio-Pleistocene hominin taxa to test for associations between the two types of 3D metrics in relation to...

Dental microwear and 3D surface texture analyses are techniques widely used for dietary discrimination in extant mammals and reconstruction in fossil specimens. Recent studies in extant primates (Romero et al., 2022) suggest that the adult's diet is not fully achieved until the second molars is erupted and close to be in functional occlusion. This...

The Tell es-Sin (Mount of the Tooth) site, located on the border of what is now known as Syria and Iraq, corresponds to a Byzantine settlement, whose study must be interpreted within the historical context of the eastern Limes Diocletianus, between the 5th century AD, and the arrival of the Arabs in AD 637. A period still quite unknown due to the s...

https://www.uab.cat/web/news-detail/analysis-of-the-paleodiet-of-i-theropithecus-oswaldi-/i-from-cueva-victoria-cartagena-a-fossil-papionini-from-the-lower-pleistocene-1345680342044.html?noticiaid=1345828532593

Despite the scarcity of fossil specimens of Theropithecus oswaldi in Eurasia, its presence out of Africa attests to the great dispersal of this Papionini genus during the Early Pleistocene. In the present study, we analyze the buccal dental microwear of T. oswaldi (T. o. leakeyi) fossil specimens from Cueva Victoria (Southeastern Spain). This analy...

Tell es-Sin or “Hill of Teeth” is an Early Byzantine archaeological site (5th–7th century CE) located on the left bank of the Euphrates River (35◦19′10.8′′N, 40◦14′58.9′′E), ca. 10km southeast of the modern Syrian city of Deir ez-Zor. Though it is clear the original settlement area would have been larger as soil erosion has partially destroyed the...

This study examined buccal microwear from the Byzantine sites of Yajuz and Sa'ad in Jordan (n = 15) to assess different subsistence economies. An Indian Hindu sample (n = 7) was used for comparative purposes. The results show no differences in the pattern of buccal dental microwear between the two Byzantine sites, while a difference was noted when...

The development of non-invasive methods for the three-dimensional characterization of the morphology of an object has allowed the development and improvement of new analytical tools that offer the opportunity to evaluate and characterize dental morphology quantitatively. 3D topographic analysis has been a very useful resource to correlate morpholog...

Spina bifida is a neurulation defect that results in an incomplete closing of the backbone, as well as membranes surrounding the spinal cord. Several archaeological cases of spina bifida have been reported, remarkably during the Bronze Age and Classic Era. However, few prehistoric cases have been recovered, with the exception of the important Epipa...

Dietary proxies for inferring diet composition of African hominin species have been widely used. However, results derived from buccal microwear patters, occlusal textural data and carbon stable isotope are not always concordant. We have analyzed the correlations between the different variables measured with each methodological approach at two disti...

Soil mapping is very important for the correct implementation of sustainable land use management. In recent decades, soil mapping methods and data availability have increased exponentially, improving the quality of the maps produced. Despite these advances, local knowledge is a great source of information, refined for centuries and useful for soil...

Hominin dietary specialization is crucial to understanding the evolutionary changes of craniofacial biomechanics and the interaction of food processing methods’ effects on teeth. However, the diet-related dental wear processes of the earliest European hominins remain unknown because most of the academic attention has focused on Neandertals. Non-occ...

A partir del Mioceno, se constata una progresión del proceso de aridificación de África, con la paulatina sustitución de los bosques cerrados por ambientes más abiertos de tipo woodland. En este contexto aparecen los primeros homininos, asociados al East African Rift System. Estos ambientes están caracterizados por un marcado estrés térmico estacio...

Labial striations on the anterior teeth have been documented in numerous European pre-Neandertal and Neandertal fossils and serve as evidence for handedness. OH-65, dated at 1.8 mya, shows a concentration of oblique striations on, especially, the left I¹ and right I¹, I² and C¹, which signal that it was right-handed. From these patterns we contend...

here is much debate on the dietary adaptations of the robust hominin lineages during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition. It has been argued that the shift from C3 to C4 ecosystems in Africa was the main factor responsible for the robust dental and facial anatomical adaptations of Paranthropus taxa, which might be indicative of the consumption of f...

Pearson correlations between the first five discriminant functions derived from the LDA and the 8 microwear variables considered. (DOCX)

Confusion matrix (percentage of post-hoc correctly classified specimens over total group sample) after jack-knife cross-validation. (DOCX)

Similarity matrix between groups derived from the LDA (values are Fisher's distance between pairs of taxa in S1 Table. (DOCX)

Raw data of all studied variables for all the specimens considered (EXCEL file). (XLSX)

Eigenvalues and percent of total variance explained by the first five discriminant functions derived from the LDA. (DOCX)

Confusion matrix (percentage of post-hoc correctly classified specimens over total group sample) before jack-knife cross-validation. (DOCX)

Wilks' Lambda test (Rao's approximation) of significance of the differences among groups. (DOCX)

One-dimensional ANOVA test of equality of group means. (DOCX)

Significance (P-value) of Fisher's distance (dF) between groups. (DOCX)

El debat sobre l'obtenció, el repartiment social i les pautes de consum d'aliments és fonamental, tant a escala local com global, per imaginar el futur humà. En el marc dels estudis històrics sobre el proveïment alimentari que impulsa el MUHBA, "Primers pagesos BCN. La gran innovació fa 7.500 anys" s'endinsa en les comunitats agràries formades al n...

Buccal microwear patterns on enamel surfaces of primate teeth have shown a significantly higher interspecific than intraspecific variability. Striation density and lengths by orientation categories on enamel buccal surfaces vary depending on ingested foods and the abrasive potential of chewed food particles, including phytoliths from plant foods an...

La microestriación o microdesgaste dental (dental microwear) se define como el conjunto de altera-ciones físicas microscópicas producidas en la superficie del esmalte dental y que resultan de la interac-ción entre las partículas abrasivas presentes en los alimentos durante su masticación. Por tanto, el análi-sis de las abrasiones que las caracterís...

Los dientes constituyen la evidencia más abundante del registro fósil ya que están formados por ma-teriales resistentes y duros, con una excelente preservación a lo largo del tiempo. A diferencia de otras estructuras biológicas, no sufren cambios durante la vida del individuo una vez completada su minerali-zación, por lo que son menos susceptibles...

Los dientes constituyen la evidencia más abundante del registro fósil ya que están formados por ma-teriales resistentes y duros, con una excelente preservación a lo largo del tiempo. A diferencia de otras estructuras biológicas, no sufren cambios durante la vida del individuo una vez completada su minerali-zación, por lo que son menos susceptibles...

Tell Halula es un yacimiento de crucial importancia para comprender la evolución biológica de las poblaciones del Neolítico en el valle del Éufrates. El hecho de tratarse de una muestra amplia, y representativa de este yacimiento, nos permite avanzar algunas consideraciones de carácter general, como por ejemplo que casi la totalidad de los restos e...

Molar occlusal microwear texture and anisotropy analyses of 3 Australopithecus anamensis fossil specimens have shown complexity values similar to those of Au. afarensis, indicating that neither of these hominin species had a diet dominated by hard food. However, many researchers have suggested that these were some of the earliest hominins to have s...

Au. anamensis es un hominino del Plio-Pleistoceno que habitó en un rango amplio de ambientes, que incluía ambientes cerrados y zonas más abiertas de sabana. El análisis de su patrón de microestriación vestibular (n=5) muestra una abrasividad superior (NT=220,60) al de Au. afarensis (NT: 150,69). En cambio, el patrón de Au. anamen-sis muestra claras...

A lo largo del Plio-Pleistoceno, en África se sucedieron diferentes cam-bios ecológicos como consecuencia de cambios climáticos produci-dos a escala global. La dinámica de formación del Rift Valley, con-dicionó la geología y el clima local tanto del este como del sur de África, así como la progresiva aparición de ecosistemas más abier-tos de tipo s...

Los dientes de los vertebrados, y especialmente de los mamíferos, muestran una gran diversidad de formas como resultado de las adaptaciones ecológicas y alimentarias de las especies en función del hábitat y las condiciones ecológicas. La anatomía dental es de gran utilidad para definir especies y caracterizar poblaciones, y se ha utilizado extensam...

A recent study of occlusal microwear in Australopithecus afarensis described this species as an opportunistic dweller, living in both forested and open environments and greatly relying on fallback resources and using fewer food-processing activities than previously suggested. In the present study, analysis of buccal microwear variability in a sampl...

Buccal microwear patterns on teeth are good indicators of the abrasiveness of foodstuffs and have been used to trace the dietary habits of fossil species, including primates and hominids. However, few studies have addressed the variability of this microwear. The abrasiveness of dietary components depends not only on the hardness of the particles in...

Recent studies have revealed interesting differences in upper first molar morphology across the hominin fossil record, particularly significant between H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis. Usually these analyses have been performed by means of classic morphometric methods, including the measurement of relative cusp areas or the angles defined betwee...

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During recent years, handedness of nonhuman primates has been the subject of several studies, especially focused on our closest relatives: the chimpanzees. These studies have dealt with both wild and captive chimpanzees, and they seem to point to divergent conclusions, which have been interpreted as a by-product of the human influence in the captiv...

Dental microwear analysis is based on the assumption that a correlation exists between ingested diet and microwear patterns on the enamel surface of teeth, such that diet can be reconstructed by quantifying enamel microwear. Abrasive particles, such as plant phytoliths or silica-based sands incorporated into food items, along with food processing t...

Tell Halula is a Neolithic site located in the middle Euphrates valley in Syria, east of Halab. It covers 8 hectares and is fl anked by two wadis: wadi Abou Qal Qal and wadi al-Fars. Systematic excavations were begun in 1991 under the direction of Dr. Miquel Molist, Professor of Prehistoryat the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Since then,...

Dental casting is a very common procedure for making high-quality replicas of paleo-anthropological remains. Replicas are frequently used, instead of original remains, to study both fossil and extant Primate teeth in morphological and metrical analyses. Several commercial products can be used in molds. This study analyzed SEM image resolution and e...

Palabras clave: microestriación, SEM, efecto wrinkle Se describe el efecto wrinkle observado por primera vez sobre moldes dentarios realizados con resinas epoxy y metalizados en oro para su observación mediante microscopía electrónica de ba-rrido (SEM). Con el fin de determinar en qué medida puede afectar al análisis del patrón de mi-croestriación...

Preliminary analyses of total crown area and dentine exposure surfaces in a sample ofhominid teeth seem to indicate that a significant correlation between tooth size and occlusal abrasion occurs, most probably related to dental occlusal function rather than to normal food mastication. Dental microwear on the buccal surfaces of teeth might be determ...

Tras la llegada del primer grupo de chimpancés (Pan troglodytes) decomisados al Centro de Recuperación de Primates de la Fundación Mona, se planteó la necesidad de observar cómo individuos que poseían un amplio repertorio de conductas humanizadas, y que anteriormente no habían vivido en grupos sociales, se adaptaban a una nueva dinámica social y de...