Fernando Tohmé

Universidad Nacional del Sur | UNS · Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Bahía Blanca (CCTBB)

In the last decade, significant advancements in digital technologies have revolutionized production systems, leading to the development of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Digital Twins (DT). This paper proposes a design of a production management system that leverages a Digital Twin associated with the shop floor. The objective is to enhance the r...

The study of the interactions among intentional agents, with rationality being the main source of intentional behavior, requires mathematical tools capable of capturing systemic effects. Here, we choose an alternative toolbox based on Category Theory. We examine potential level-agnostic formalisms, presenting three categories: PR, G, and an encompa...

Computer scientists, logicians and other researchers have recently paid renewed attention to the model of computation based on the logic of combinators. We develop a new formalization of the syntax of combinators employing the ‘generic figures’ approach to the categories of presheaves that provides an intuitive and easily interpreted diagrammatic s...

In this paper, we present an alternative approach to predictive modeling for future energy demands. It is based on the application of causal detection models to create specifications of how this demand might be caused by different environmental and social factors. We proceed by using a dataset generated by the wholesale electricity company of Argen...

Notes of stuff I struggled with while reading McLane &Moerdjik "Sheavesin Geometry and Logic"

This paper investigates the performance of a two-stage multi-criteria decision-making procedure for order scheduling problems. These problems are represented by a novel nonlinear mixed integer program. Hybridizations of three Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) based on dominance relations are studied and compared to solve small, medium...

Based on a free energy approach, we propose the estimation of an ecosystem’s Inner Value, which is both non-instrumental and objective, reflecting the ecosystem’s value for itself as a natural entity, abstracted from any human valuation. The ecosystem services approach has become the dominant criterion for studying human and natural relationships,...

The successes of Machine Learning, and in particular of Deep Learning systems, have led to a reformulation of the Artificial Intelligence agenda. One of the pressing issues in the field is the extraction of knowledge out of the behavior of those systems. In this paper we propose a semiotic analysis of that behavior, based on the formal model of lea...

We seek to gain more insight into the effect of the crowds on the Home Advantage by analyzing the particular case of Argentinean football (also known as soccer), where for more than ten years, the visiting team fans were not allowed to attend the games. Additionally, during the COVID-19 lockdown, a significant number of games were played without bo...

We outline the digital twin of a cyber-physical system that takes into account information about economic variables (demand), enterprise financial performance indicators, cloud manufacturing suppliers, floor-shop manufacturing lines and the production planning logic. The modelling is based on the System Dynamics paradigm. There are two main sources...

We explore the relationship between evidence and knowledge when knowledge is described by a standard partition over a finite state space, and evidence is represented by a state-dependent collection of finite sets of messages. When the collection is measurable with respect to the partition, there is evidence for an event only if the event is self-ev...

This study presents an operational characterization of contemporaneity among variables based on the transformation of their corresponding time series into symbolic ones by applying either a Markov switching approach or the symbolic aggregate approximation method. Then, the authors extract vectors from the resulting symbolic time series, characteriz...

The problem of individualized prediction can be addressed using variants of conformal prediction, obtaining the intervals to which the actual values of the variables of interest belong. Here we present a method based on detecting the observations that may be relevant for a given question and then using simulated controls to yield the intervals for...

The COVID-19 pandemic forced almost all professional and amateur sports to be played without attending crowds. Thus, it induced a large-scale natural experiment on the impact of social pressure on decision making and behavior in sports fields. Using a data set of 1027 rugby union matches from 11 tournaments in 10 countries, we find that home teams...

Available at the ArXiv. Abstract: Strategic games admit a multi-graph representation, in which two kinds of relations, accessibility, and preferences, are used to describe how the players compare the possible outcomes. A category of games with a fixed set of players GamI is built from this representation, and a more general category Gam is defined...

Based on a free energy approach, we propose the estimation of ecosystem Inner Value, which is both non-instrumental and objective, reflecting the ecosystem’s value for itself as a natural entity, abstracted from any human valuation activity. The ecosystem services approach has become the dominant criteria for studying the relationship between human...

Results in contact sports like Rugby are mainly interpreted in terms of the ability and/or luck of teams. But this neglects the important role of the motivation of players, reflected in the effort exerted in the game. Here we present a Bayesian hierarchical model to infer the main features that explain score differences in rugby matches of the Engl...

This chapter engages the question of abductive inferences in diagrammatic reasoning by coordinating a semiotic approach through C.S. Peirce’s triadic conception of the sign with the relational and compositional framework of the mathematics of category theory. A straightforward triadic diagram of composed functors models abductive reasoning with dia...

Peirce's diagrammatic system of Existential Graphs (EG) is a logical proof system corresponding to the Propositional Calculus (PL). Most known proofs of soundness and completeness for EG depend upon a translation of Peirce's diagrammatic syntax into that of a suitable Frege-style system. In this paper, drawing upon standard results but using the na...

In this paper, we present a summary of Homotopy Type Theory with Voevodsky’s Univalent Axiom and discuss the existence of a universe of types satisfying the latter. We take up the idea of the observability of the behavior of computations, as defined in the grossone framework, in which for every finite natural number n, . In this context, the number...

The academic evaluation of the publication record of researchers is relevant for identifying talented candidates for promotion and funding. A key tool for this is the use of the indexes provided by Web of Science and SCOPUS, costly databases that sometimes exceed the possibilities of academic institutions in many parts of the world. We show here ho...

Causal graph extraction from news has the potential to aid in the understanding of complex scenarios. In particular, it can help explain and predict events, as well as conjecture about possible cause-effect connections. However, limited work has addressed the problem of large-scale extraction of causal graphs from news articles. This article presen...

In this paper, we analyze economic growth processes, using per capita growth series of 87 countries from 1961 to 2018 taken from the World Bank database, under the assumption that they followed Markov processes. We look for the regimes guiding those growth processes and define Markov chains according to which the time series switch from one regime...

This paper introduces the Ongoing Event Detection (OED) task, which is a specific Event Detection task where the goal is to detect ongoing event mentions only, as opposed to historical, future, hypothetical, or other forms or events that are neither fresh nor current. Any application that needs to extract structured information about ongoing events...

Production Research has contributed substantially to improve current social life, giving guidelines for the efficient provision of goods, ervices and food. Production processes encompass a number of procedures at different stages, giving rise to a large number of problems, that can be naturally addressed using engineering and mathematics tools. The...

We present an axiomatic study of aggregation operators that could be applied to ethical AI decision making. The information is given here by different preferences over the decisions to be made by automated systems. We consider two different but very intuitive notions of preference of an alternative over another one, namely pairwise majority and pos...

We analyze in this chapter the nature and definition of abduction in Econometrics. Unlike abduction in Economics in general, here we address the question of how surprising results in empirical analyses arise and may be treated. We cover different ways in which traditional econometric methods as well as machine learning tools handle abductive proces...

Industry 4.0 is leveraging the production capabilities of the industry. The deep digitalization that Industry 4.0 promotes enables to extend control skills to an exhaustive detail in the shop floors. Then, new planning strategies can be designed and implemented. We present mathematical models to represent non-permutation flow shop processes, incorp...

We present a category-theoretical analysis, based on the concept of generic figures, of a diagrammatic system for propositional logic (Peirce’s Existential Graphs \(\alpha \)). The straightforward construction of a presheaf category \({{\mathcal {E}}}{{\mathcal {G}}}_{\alpha ^{*}}\) of cuts-only Existential Graphs (equivalent to the well-studied ca...

In this chapter, we explore the role of abduction in the way economists explain economic phenomena and develop ways to test their theories. The main impact of abduction arises in events that disrupt the usual interpretations of economic phenomena, such as macroeconomic crises. The hypotheses inferred arise from the examination of ideas and real-wor...

A critical factor in the logistic management of firms is the degree of efficiency of the operations in distribution centers. Of particular interest is the pick-up process, since it is the costliest operation, amounting to 50 and up to 75% of the total cost of the activities in storage facilities. In this paper we jointly address the order batching...

Industry 4.0 has substantially increased the degree of coordination and autonomy of production systems, lending manufacturing systems the ability to respond flexibly to the changing conditions of the market. Additive technologies enhance still further the flexibility of production processes. This increasing flexibility will allow the implementation...

Industry 4.0 raises the need for a closer integration of management systems in manufacturing companies. Such process is driven by Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and the Internet of Things (IoT). Starting from the potential of these technologies, a knowledge architecture aimed at addressing scheduling problems is proposed. Scheduling-support systems g...

We present here a novel approach to the analysis of common knowledge based on category theory. In particular, we model the global epistemic state for a given set of agents through a hierarchy of beliefs represented by a presheaf construction. Then, by employing the properties of a categorical monad, we prove the existence of a state, obtained in an...

Industry 4.0 creates opportunities for defining new ways of creating value. Traditional manufacturing business models should be transformed to embrace its benefits. This transformation has the potential to induce changes not only in the shop-floor operation, but also on the strategies and processes supporting value creation activities. Most of the...

A remarkable feature of the Argentinean economy is the widespread use of the US dollar as a measure of value, storage of value and in several high-end markets, as a medium of exchange. The use of this currency for these roles has been adopted by all the income strata in the country. Economists explain this, in what we call the rational narrative, a...

This paper models the influence of political instability on long-term economic growth. We consider three political systems associated to real-world political systems of increasing participation in policy-making. For each system, society chooses an agent that remains in power unless instability, represented as a shortening of the period in office, s...

“Digital twining” is one the main ways of establishing data channels in cyber-physical systems combining the outputs of a virtual model with real time data collected by sensors. The purpose to this chapter is to outline the digital twin of a cyber-physical production system. The System Dynamics paradigm to the case of a shop-floor factory devoted t...

Results in contact sports like Rugby are mainly interpreted in terms of the ability and/or luck of teams. But this neglects the important role of the motivation of players, reflected in the effort exerted in the game. Here we present a Bayesian hierarchical model to infer the main features that explain score differences in rugby matches of the Engl...

We present a study of annual forestry harvesting planning considering the risk of compaction generated by the transit of heavy forestry machinery. Soil compaction is a problem that occurs when the soil loses its natural resistance to resist the movement of machinery, causing the soil to be compacted in excess. This compaction generates unwanted eff...

Mass customized and mass personalized production has become facilitated by the fourth industrial revolution. The resulting industrial environments require the development of information systems able to take the specifications of customers and convey them to the production system in such a way as to contribute to the coordination of all the stakehol...

The Group Identification Problem (“Who is a J?”) introduced by Kasher and Rubinstein [14] assumes a finite class of agents, each one with an opinion about the membership to a group J of the members of the society, consisting in a function that indicates for each agent, including herself, the degree of membership to J. The problem is that of aggrega...

Abstract In this paper we present a concept of similarity in games, on which to ground alternative solution concepts, some of which differ from the classical notions in the field. In order to do this we impose a constraint on players’ beliefs that amounts to a variant of the well-known symmetry principle in classical bargaining theory. We show how...

Using a simple game-theoretical model of contests, we compare the effort exerted by rugby teams under three different point systems used in tournaments around the world. We consider a point system that awards four points to the winning team, no points to the losing team, and two points to each team in a case of a draw. The other two point systems a...

A formal model of abductive inference is provided in which abduction is conceived as expansive and contractive movements through a topological space of theoretical and practical commitments. A pair of presheaves over the (Heyting algebra) space of commitments corresponds to communities sharing commitments on the one hand and possible obstructions t...

We present an evolutionary algorithm to solve a combination of the Order Batching and Order Picking problems. This integrated problem consists of selecting and picking up batches of various items requested by customers from a storage area, given a deadline for finishing each order according to a delivery plan. We seek to find the plan that minimize...

“Digital twining” is one the main ways of establishing data channels in cyber-physical systems using both the outputs of running a virtual model and real time data collected by sensors. The purpose to this paper is to outline the digital twin of a cyber-physical production system. We apply the System Dynamics paradigm to the case of a shop-floor fa...

The COVID-19 pandemic forced almost all professional and amateur sports to be played without attending crowds. Thus, it induced a large-scale natural experiment on the impact of social pressure on decision making and behavior in sports elds. Using a data set of 1027 rugby union matches from 11 tournaments in 10 countries, we nd that home teams have...

Topic-based retrieval is the task of seeking and retrieving material related to a topic of interest. This task involves two subtasks: selecting query terms and ranking the retrieved results. Supervised approaches to assess the importance of a term in a topic or class have demonstrated to be effective for guiding the query-term selection subtask. Th...

One of the consequences of persistent technological change is that it force individuals to make decisions under extreme uncertainty. This means that traditional decision-making frameworks cannot be applied. To address this issue we introduce a variant of Case-Based Decision Theory, in which the solution to a problem obtains in terms of the distance...

In this paper we present the guidelines for an estimation and inference method aimed to answer questions to databases about new potential entries. The idea is to classify the data and find entries similar to that about which the query is posed, and use it to generate control observations as to find the results in terms of them, instead of the entir...

In this chapter we analyze scheduling processes in Industry 4.0 systems. We discuss briefly the technologies proper of this new paradigm and how they can affect decision-making in the context in which schedules have to be revised due to disruptions. We study a case of rescheduling (and dynamic scheduling) on a single machine when the goal is to min...

This two-volume set presents selected and revised papers from the 10th International Conference of Production Research - Americas, ICPR-Americas 2020, held in Bahía Blanca, Argentina, in December 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a fully virtual format. The 41 full papers and 11 short papers were thoroughly reviewed an...

This two-volume set presents selected and revised papers from the 10th International Conference of Production Research - Americas, ICPR-Americas 2020, held in Bahía Blanca, Argentina, in December 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a fully virtual format. The 41 full papers and 11 short papers were thoroughly reviewed an...

Iterated admissibility (IA) can be seen as exhibiting a minimal criterion of rationality in games. In order to make this intuition more precise, the epistemic characterization of this game-theoretic solution has been actively investigated in recent times: it has been shown that strategies surviving m+1 rounds of iterated admissibility may be identi...

In this paper, we investigate some aspects of Spencer–Brown’s Calculus of Indications. Drawing from earlier work by Kauffman and Varela, we present a new categorical framework that allows to characterize the construction of infinite arithmetic expressions as sequences taking values in grossone.

Several studies have shown that birth order and the sex of siblings may have an influence on individual behavioral traits. In particular, it has been found that second brothers (of older male siblings) tend to have more disciplinary problems. If this is the case, this should also be shown in contact sports. To assess this hypothesis we use a data s...

In this paper we describe a framework to uncover potential causal relations between event mentions from streaming text of news media. This framework relies on a dataset of manually labeled events to train a recurrent neural network for event detection. It then creates a time series of event clusters, where clusters are based on BERT contextual word...

We present here an approach to the analysis of the truth values of Peirce’s α-graphs without the restriction of finite number of elements (cuts and characters) on the Sheet of Assertion. We show that the ensuing structure in which such graphs are objects constitutes a topos. While the computation of the truth value of a graph in the topos can be an...

In this paper, we introduce a Markovian approach to study the stability and growth of citations in academic journals by featuring a regime-switching analysis. We characterize the regime structure exhibited by the series of citations available in the Web of Science database and determine the series' transition probabilities across regimes. Our main...

Group identification problems are introduced as the issue of classifying the members of a group in terms of the opinions of their potential members. This involves a finite set of agents N = {1, 2,. .. , n}, each one having an opinion about which agents should be classified as belonging to a specific subgroup J. A Collective Identity Function (CIF)...

This article presents a technique for term weighting that relies on a collection of documents labeled as relevant or irrelevant to a topic of interest. The proposed technique weights terms based on two factors representing the descriptive and discriminating power of the terms. These factors are combined through the use of an adjustable parameter in...

The task of Event Detection (ED) is a subfield of Information Extraction (IE) that consists in recognizing event mentions in natural language texts. Several applications can take advantage of an ED system, including alert systems, text summarization, question-answering systems, and any system that needs to extract structured information about event...

We present a category-theoretical analysis, based on the concept of generic figures, of a diagrammatic system for propositional logic (Peirce's Existen-tial Graphs α). The straightforward construction of a presheaf category EG α * of cuts-only Existential Graphs (equivalent to the well-studied category of finite forests) provides a basis for the fu...

An empirical model is a generalization of a probability space. It consists of a simplicial complex of subsets of a class X of random variables such that each simplex has an associated probability distribution. The ensuing marginalizations are coherent, in the sense that the distribution on a face of a simplex coincides with the marginal of the dist...

This chapter introduces the Tolerance Scheduling problem, which involves the decision-making issues in rescheduling processes. The solutions to this problem can be incorporated in the design of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in Industry 4.0 environments. We present here the mathematical foundations for the solutions of the Tolerance Scheduling prob...

The introduction of new varieties of goods increases welfare under certainty and perfect competition. However, when the quality of new goods is uncertain, the need for a regulatory regime on liabilities and hazards arises. We examine the optimality of the regulatory mechanisms of quality under ambiguity (non-uniqueness of the probability distributi...

Several studies have shown that birth order and the sex of siblings may have an inuence on individual behavioral traits. In particular, it has been found that second brothers (of older male siblings) tend to have more disciplinary problems. If this is the case, this should also be shown in contact sports. To assess this hypothesis we use a data set...

We present a fuzzy version of the Group Identification Problem ("Who is a J?") introduced by Kasher and Rubinstein (1997). We consider a class $N = \{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ of agents, each one with an opinion about the membership to a group J of the members of the society, consisting in a function $\pi : N \to [0; 1]$, indicating for each agent, including...

Kasher and Rubinstein (1997) introduced the problem of classifying the members of a group in terms of the opinions of their potential members. This involves a finite set of agents $N = \{1,2,\ldots,n\}$, each one having an opinion about which agents should be classified as belonging to a specific subgroup J. A Collective Identity Function (CIF) agg...

Using a simple game-theoretical model of contests, we compare the effort exerted by rugby teams under three different point systems used in tournaments around the world. The scoring systems under consideration are NB, +4 and 3+. We state models of the games under the three point systems, both static and dynamic. In all those models we find that the...

The usual procedure in the theory of social choice consists in postulating some desirable properties which an aggregation procedure should verify and derive from them the features of a corresponding social choice function and the outcomes that arise at each possible profile of preferences. In this paper we invert this line of reasoning and try to i...

Contemporary assembly line systems are characterized by an increasing capability to offer each client a different product, more tuned to her needs and preferences. These assembly systems will be heavily influenced by the advent of Industry 4.0 technologies, enabling the proposal of business models that allow the late customization of the products,...

We present an optimization procedure based on a hybrid version of an evolutionary multi-objective decision-making algorithm for its application in urban freight transportation planning problems. This tool is intended to solve the planning problems of a merchandise distribution firm that dispatches small volume fractional loads of fresh foods on dai...

The semantics of picturing, broadly understood as an isomorphism between relevant relations among parts of a picture and relations constituting a state of affairs in some target domain, are a core feature of Wittgenstein’s Tractarian theory of representation. This theory was subsequently developed by Wilfrid Sellars into a rich theory of language a...

Nowadays, oil companies have to deal with an increasingly competitive environment. In this sense, the optimization of operational processes to enhance efficiency is crucial. This article addresses the design of a decision support tool for the inland upstream transport logistics in the oil industry based on a case of study in Argentina. This problem...

Nowadays, oil companies have to deal with an increasingly competitive environment. In this sense, the optimization of operational processes to enhance efficiency is crucial. This article addresses the design of a decision support tool for the inland upstream transport logistics in the oil industry, based on a case of study in Argentina. This proble...