Fernando Muñoz

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Verified

Fernando verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• DVM PhD
• Full Professor at University of Santiago de Compostela

Purpose To evaluate intervertebral cage migration and bony ingrowth in 3D printed additive manufacturing titanium cages with hexagonal geometry in the cage walls and traditional PEEK anterior cervical cages using an in-vivo ovine model. Materials and methods A comparative animal study was performed. 3D-printed titanium and PEEK interbody cages wer...

Aim To evaluate early buccal bone resorption (BBR) in areas with or without buccal keratinized tissue (KT), and different mucosal thickness (MT) following implant placement at healed sites. Materials and Methods In 9 beagle dogs, three months following the hemimaxilla third and fourth premolars extraction, full‐thickness flaps were elevated and tw...

Objectives Nano‐structuring of zirconia dental implants would simplify the production process compared to the currently applied sandblasting and etching. Prior in vitro studies even revealed faster cell spreading and increased viability of osteoblasts on nano‐structured zirconia surfaces. The objective was to evaluate the osseointegration potential...

Recent research has shown that Avocado-Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU) greatly reduce the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA). It’s yet unknown exactly how ASU works, however, it has been demonstrated to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. These qualities can potentially lessen the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) and...

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility, mechanical performance and osteoconductive potential of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds enriched with marine bioderived calcium phosphate (bioCaP) for bone tissue engineering. Materials and methods PLA-bioCaP composite scaffolds were specifically designed for the rabbit...

This study investigates the effect of scaffold architecture on bone regeneration, focusing on 3D-printed polylactic acid–bioceramic calcium phosphate (PLA-bioCaP) composite scaffolds in rabbit femoral condyle critical defects. We explored two distinct scaffold designs to assess their influence on bone healing and scaffold performance. Structures wi...

Objective: To evaluate the potential of a novel synthetic carbonate apatite bone substitute (CO3 Ap-BS) on periodontal regeneration. Background: The use of various synthetic bone substitutes as a monotherapy for periodontal regeneration mainly results in a reparative healing pattern. Since xenografts or allografts are not always accepted by patient...

Aim To investigate the healing after heterotopic mucosa transpositioning at dental implants and teeth. Materials and Methods One hemimandible per dog ( n = 4) was allocated to receive 3 implants (test), whereby 3 premolars on the contralateral side served as controls. After osseointegration, a Z‐plasty was performed on the buccal aspect of the tes...

3D-printed composite scaffolds have emerged as an alternative to deal with existing limitations when facing bone reconstruction. The aim of the study was to systematically review the feasibility of using PLA/bioceramic composite scaffolds manufactured by 3D-printing technologies as bone grafting materials in preclinical in vivo studies. Electronic...

Background/objective: Platelet derived extracellular vesicles (pEV) are promising therapeutical tools for bone healing applications. In fact, several in vitro studies have already demonstrated the efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles (EV) in promoting bone regeneration and repair in various orthopedic models. Therefore, to evaluate the translational...

Aim: To investigate the spontaneous regeneration of the implanto-mucosal and dento-gingival unit after complete removal of keratinized tissue (KT). Materials and methods: One hemi-mandible per dog (n = 4) was allocated to receive three dental implants (test sites, premolar region), whereas three premolars on the contralateral side were controls....

Objectives: To evaluate the sequential osseointegration of a novel titanium implant system based on a 3D printing technology in comparison with conventional titanium implants. Material and methods: Two novel titanium implants based on 3D printing were tested in the mandible of eight Beagle dogs. As a control, two different commercially available...

Objective: To histologically evaluate soft tissue healing following immediately placed one-piece zirconia implant and grafting a xenograft into the buccal gap. Material and methods: The third and fourth premolars (PM3 and PM4) in both quadrants of the mandible of nine dogs were used for this experiment. Those teeth were removed flapless and impl...

Objectives To develop a new preclinical model to study early implant loss, where local infection conditions would impair the implant osseointegration. Materials and methods Forty-eight smooth, 2.9-mm diameter experimental implants were placed in the mandible of 8 beagle dogs (3 in each side). In half of the animals (test group, n = 24 implants), t...

Aim: To compare clinical and histological keratinized tissue formation around teeth and implants following coronal repositioning of alveolar mucosa with or without a connective tissue graft. Methods: In 9 beagle dogs, the third and fourth premolars (P3, P4) were extracted from one side of the maxilla. Three months after the tooth extraction, a f...

Backgroud: A variety of surgical techniques and tissue engineering strategies utilizing osteogenic potential of the periosteum has been developed for the repair of extended bone deficiencies. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of an alternating protocol of periosteal distraction osteogenesis on bone regeneration in an intra-oral...

Background context Modernization of 3D printing has allowed for the production of porous titanium interbody cages (3D-pTi) which purportedly optimize implant characteristics and increase osseointegration; however, this remains largely unstudied in vivo. Purpose To compare osseointegration of three-dimensional (3D) titanium cages without bone graft...

Background: Insufficient bone volume around an implant is a common obstacle when dental implant treatment is considered. Limited vertical or horizontal bone dimensions may lead to exposed implant threads following placement or a gap between the bone and implant. This is often addressed by bone augmentation procedures prior to or at the time of imp...

Objective Subgingival dental restorations and periodontal health have been studied for many years; however, there is a low histological evidence on the behavior of new materials in the supracrestal tissue attachment. The aim of this study is to analyze the periodontal response when a tricalcium silicate material (TSM) or composite margin restoratio...

Titanium surface is an important factor in achieving osseointegration during the early wound healing of dental implants in alveolar bone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sandblasted-etched surface implants to investigate the osseointegration. In the present study, we used two different types of sandblasted-etched surface implants, an SLA™...

The effort to develop an effective and safe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc substitute has been one of the mainstreams of tissue engineering. Biodegradable customized scaffolds could meet safety and effectiveness to regenerate a new autologous disc, rather than using non‐biodegradable materials. However, it is still technically challenging to mi...

Objectives The aim was to evaluate the rate of bone loss progression during experimentally induced peri-implantitis using two different implant-abutment connections in implants with identical surface topography. Material and methods Forty-eight Regular Neck tissue-level SLA implants with a matching implant to abutment connection (TL) and 36 bone-l...

Objective To evaluate the hard tissue volumetric and soft tissue contour linear changes in implants with two different implant surface characteristics after a ligature-induced peri-implantitis.Material and methodsIn eight beagle dogs, implants with the same size and diameter but distinct surface characteristics were placed in the healed mandibular...

Objectives Purpose of this experimental in-vivo investigation was to evaluate the influence of modifying the implant surface by adding a monolayer of multi-phosphonate molecules on the de novo bone formation and osseointegration. Material and Methods The study was designed as an animal pre-clinical trial with intra-animal control and two healing p...

Simple Summary Osteoarthritis is the most common progressive joint disease diagnosed in companion animals and its management continues to be a significant challenge. Nutraceuticals have been widely investigated over the years in the treatment of osteoarthritis and among them, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate treatments are probably the most comm...

Simple Summary Periosteal distraction osteogenesis (PDO) is a promising new technique for bone regeneration, as it avoids some of the complications that other techniques present. In this review, were examined the animal models used in preclinical studies carried out so far, as well as the quality of the studies using the ARRIVE guidelines (Animal R...

Osteoarthritis (OA) treatment is a major orthopedic challenge given that there is no ideal drug capable to reverse or stop the progression of the OA. In that regard, bisphosphonates have been proposed as potential disease-modifying drugs due to their possible chondroprotective effect related to obtaining a greater subchondral bone quality. However,...

Bone defects resulting from trauma, surgery, congenital malformations, and other factors are among the most common health problems nowadays. Although current strategies such as autografts and allografts are recognized as the most successful treatments for stimulating bone regeneration, limitations such as graft source and complications still exist....

Objective To histologically evaluate healing following grafting a xenogenous bone substitute in the buccal gap around the immediately placed one‐piece zirconia implant. Material and methods The third and fourth premolars (PM3, PM4) in both quadrants of the mandible of nine Mongrel Hound dogs were used for this experiment. They have been removed an...

Autogenous cancellous bone graft is the current gold standard of treatment for the management of bone defects since it possesses the properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis. Xenografts and synthetic grafts have been widely reported as available and low-cost alternatives, which retain good osteoconductive and mechanical prope...

Bone cysts are a very rare orthopedic pathology in veterinary medicine, the general prevalence of which is unknown. A unicameral bone cyst was diagnosed in an adult female Teckel dog with a limp that was treated surgically by filling the defect with marine bioapatites. The treatment was effective and at 8 weeks the defect had remodeled 50.24%. Eigh...

Bisphosphonates have been proposed as possible disease-modifying drugs in osteoarthritis. However, the evidence of their efficacy is poor and their outcomes presented a great heterogeneity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically review the main effects of bisphosphonate use on synovial joint tissues and biochemical markers in preclin...

Simple Summary Vertical alveolar osteogenesis distraction (VAOD) technique appears to provide the best results in terms of vertical bone gain. Before its use in humans, most devices are tested on experimental animals. Currently, there is no consensus on which is the ideal biological animal model for VAOD studies. In this review, it has been found t...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease in animals and humans. It is characterized by pain, articular cartilage damage and joint stiffness. It has been suggested that the status of the subchondral bone compartment plays an important role in the initiation and progression of OA. Bisphosphonates have been proposed as a po...

Background: The autograft is still considered the gold standard for the treatment of bone defects. However, given the significant morbidity of the donor site with which it has been associated, alternative substitutes for bone grafts have been developed. In the present study, a bone substitute composed of CaP biphasic bioceramics obtained from shark...

The goal of the present study was to evaluate human histologic healing of dental implants with a unique triangular neck design that is narrower than the implant body. Four patients in need of full-mouth reconstruction were recruited and received several implants to support a full-arch prosthesis. In each patient, two additional customized reduced-d...

Regardless of the substantial progress in designing titanium-based dental implants and aseptic techniques, infection remains as the most common complication after implantation surgeries. Although, having a weakened immune system or systematic diseases is not seen as contraindicated for dental implants anymore, controlling the immune system is requi...

Background: The aim of this histomorphometric study was to assess the bone regeneration potential of beta-tricalcium phosphate with fibronectin (β-TCP-Fn) in critical-sized defects (CSDs) in rats calvarial, to know whether Fn improves the new bone formation in a short time scope. Material and methods: CSDs were created in 30 Sprague Dawley rats,...

Roughness characteristics play an essential role in osseointegration. However, there is a concern about the susceptibility of those surfaces to bacterial colonization. New techniques for cleaning and surface treatment have appeared that could favor osseointegration without the need to create surfaces as rough. Such is the case of non-thermal low-pr...

Objective The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of alendronate (ALN) on bone remodeling following tooth extraction in a dog model. Material and methods For the study, fifteen male Beagles dogs of approximately 12 months of age were used. Mesial roots of four mandibular premolars were endodontically treated, and the distal roots we...

Purpose: There is a lack of knowledge concerning the critical buccal bone thickness required for securing favorable functional and esthetic outcomes, conditioned to the dimensional changes after implant placement. A preclinical study was therefore carried out to identify the critical buccal bone wall thickness for minimizing bone resorption during...

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the degree of bone regeneration and re-osseointegration attained when combining a xenogeneic bone replacement graft plus rhBMP-2 and a collagen membrane in ligature induced peri-implantitis osseous defects in dogs. Material and methods: 36 implants were placed in a total of 6 Beagle dogs, 3 months after tooth...

The surface modifications of titanium dental implants play important roles in the enhancement of osseointegration. The objective of the present study was to test two different implant surface treatments on a rabbit model to investigate the osseointegration. The tested surfaces were: a) acid-etched surface with sandblasting treatment (SA) and b) an...

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. The use of different animal models, for the study of its pathophysiology and treatments, is important being actually the ovariectomized rat the most widely used; although this model has several problems due its small size, lack of true closure of epiphys...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of rhBMP2 with rhBMP9 on ridge augmentation following healing of extraction sockets in dogs. Material and methods: Five male Beagle dogs, approximately 12 months of age, were used. The mesial roots of the four maxillary premolars were endodontically treated. The distal roots were e...

The cover image is based on the Original Research Recombinant human BMP9 (RhBMP9) in comparison with rhBMP2 for ridge augmentation following tooth extraction: An experimental study in the Beagle dog by Nikola Saulacic et al., DOI: 10.1111/clr.13371.

Objective This histomorphometric study compared bone regeneration potential of beta‐tricalcium phosphate with fibronectin (β‐TCP‐Fn) in critical‐sized calvarial defects (CSDs) in rats to assess whether fibronectin (Fn) improved new bone formation. Material and methods Critical‐sized calvarial defects were created in 30 adult male Sprague Dawley ra...

Objectives To study the hard and soft tissue volume after placing immediate (IMI) or delayed implants (DLI) with a triangular coronal macro‐design (Test/T) or a conventional cylindrical design (Control/C). Material and Methods T/C implants were inserted in healed ridges or in fresh extraction sockets of eight beagle dogs. Biopsies were processed f...

This study compared the in vivo behavior of two biomaterials, xenograft (Bio-Oss®) and alloplastic tricalcium phosphate (Sil-Oss®), vs a control (no biomaterial) in beagle dogs treated with guided bone regeneration (GBR). Six male adult beagle dogs were included. The third and fourth mandibular premolars and first mandibular molars (3P3, 4P4 and 1M...

Objectives: To analyze bone remodeling and peri-implant soft tissues around platform-switching implants with and without a machined collar placed at different levels in relation to bone crest. Material and methods: All mandibular premolars and the first molars were extracted in five dogs. At 6 months, six implants with and without a machined nec...

Aim: To assess volumetric and linear changes following ridge preservation (RP) or spontaneous healing plus early implant placement with or without simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR). Materials and methods: In eight adult beagle dogs, the mesial roots of the mandibular P3, P4 and M1 were extracted. Sites were randomized to either ridge p...

Purpose: To evaluate in dogs a newly developed intraosseous alveolar distractor (Mozo-Grau Alveolar Distractor) for vertical bone augmentation to allow placement of dental implants. Materials and methods: Four dogs had their posterior teeth removed, and sockets were left to heal for 20 weeks. The right and left sides of the posterior mandibles w...

Aim: To test whether guided bone regeneration (GBR) of peri-implant defects at zirconia (ZrO2 ) implants differs from GBR at titanium (Ti) implants regarding the bone integration of the implant and of the grafting material. Materials and methods: Maxillary premolars and molars were extracted in seven dogs. After 5 months, four semi-saddle bone d...

Aim: To study the healing of peri-implant tissues around implants with a triangular coronal third (test) or cylindrical (control). Material and methods: In eight beagle dogs, immediate and delayed implants were placed. Test and control implants were randomly assigned and the hard and soft tissue healing was evaluated with histology and Micro CT...

Bone turnover markers (BTMs) have been considered as an auxiliary method of following the fracture healing process and for early prediction of impaired bone healing. A better understanding of the potential of BTMs in this application could allow for earlier interventions and improved patient care. The aim of this study with a large animal experimen...

Melatonin is a hormone synthesised and secreted by the pineal gland and other organs. Its secretion, controlled by an endogenous circadian cycle, has been proven to exert immunological, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects that can be beneficial in the treatment of certain dental diseases. This article is aimed at carrying out a review of th...

Aim: to assess i) bone regeneration around implants placed early in sites with or without ridge preservation and i) if the bone substitute material (DBBM-C) has to be removed at implant placement MATERIALS AND METHODS: In eight beagle dogs, three sites were randomly assigned to ridge preservation (DBBM-C plus collagen matrix (CMX)) (two sites; RP)...

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of TiBrush(™) and chemical agents following surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis. Material and methods: 6 implants were installed in the mandible of 8 beagle dogs (unit of analysis) 3 months after tooth extraction. Experimental peri-implantitis was induced 3 months...

Objective: To investigate clinical and soft/hard tissues histomorphological outcomes of a ceramic implant comparatively to a titanium implant in a minipig model. Material & methods: Eighteen soft tissue level implants (9 Ceramic with ZLA(®) surface as test, and 9 titanium SLActive(®) as control, Institut Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) were rando...

Background: Osteoarthritis is thought to be the most prevalent chronic and disabling joint disease in animals and humans. At present, there is no ideal treatment option. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the treatment with oral diacerein on articular cartilage, synovial membrane and subchondral bone in an experimental rabbit model...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue histomorphometric composition around implant abutments comparing two different materials, titanium (Ti) and zirconia (ZrO2 ). Material and methods: Twelve implants were placed at bone level in the mandible of six beagle dogs (one in each side). At the same day of surgery one titani...

Objective: To assess whether or not peri-implant soft tissue dimensions and hard tissue integration of loaded zirconia implants are similar to those of a titanium implant. Materials and methods: In 6 dogs, two one-piece zirconia implants (VC, ZD), a two-piece zirconia implant (BPI) and a control one-piece titanium implant (STM) were randomly pla...

To test whether an equine bone substitute block used for guided bone regeneration (GBR) of peri-implant defects renders different results from bovine block or particulated bone substitutes regarding the dimensions of the augmented ridge and the amount of new bone. Mandibular premolars and molars were extracted in eight dogs. After 4 months, four se...

Background The present work aimed to describe the incidental findings in a study of immediate loading of dental implants in pigs, i.e., the correlation between implant integration and the side of implantation. Methods In 11 adult miniature pigs, maxillary and mandibular premolars and the first molar were bilaterally extracted. A total of 100 dental...

Osteoarthritis is thought to be the most prevalent chronic and disabling joint disease in animals and humans and its treatment is a major orthopaedic challenge because there is no ideal drug treatment to preserve joint structure and function, as well as to ameliorate the symptomatology of the disease. The aim of the present study was to assess, usi...

The aim was to test whether or not the marginal bone-level alterations of loaded zirconia implants are similar to the bone-level alterations of a grade 4 titanium one-piece dental implant. In six dogs, all premolars and the first molars were extracted in the mandible. Four months later, three zirconia implants (BPI, VC, ZD) and a control titanium o...

Damages in the maxillofacial bones are frequent in humans following trauma, metabolic diseases, neoplasia, or inflammatory processes. Many of the available treatments to regenerate bone are often ineffective. The goal of this work was to assess the in vivo behavior of an innovative double-layered scaffold based on a blend of starch and polycaprolac...

AimTo evaluate the impact that immediate implant placement may have on bone remodelling in comparison with adjacent sockets left to heal spontaneously.Materials and methodsIn a beagle dog model (N = 16 dogs), mandibular premolars were extracted, and implants were placed in each distal socket (test) with the corresponding mesial site left to heal un...

Objectives To investigate soft tissue histomorphology and quality around implants with a modified transgingival collar surface comparatively to a machined.Material and methodsTwenty-seven Straumann Standard Tissue Level implants belonging to the following groups (nine of each group): Ti modSLA with machined collar (Ti-M), Ti modSLA with machined, a...

The osteoarthritis (OA) treatment in humans and in animals is a major orthopaedic challenge because there is not an ideal drug for preserving the joint structure and function. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the treatment with oral glucosamine and risedronate alone or in combination on articular cartilage, synovial membrane and s...

Objective The effect on the marginal peri-implant tissues following repeated platform switching abutment removal and subsequent reconnection was studied.Material and Methods Six adult female Beagle dogs were selected, and Pm3 and Pm4 teeth, both left and right sides, were extracted and the sites healed for 3 months. At this time, 24 bone level (BL)...

Human and canine periodontium are often affected by an inflammatory pathology called periodontitis, which is associated with severe damages across tissues, namely in the periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone. However, the therapies used in the routine dental practice, often consisting in a combination of different techniques, do not allo...

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease which constitutes an important health problem in humans due to its enormous prevalence and life threatening implications on systemic health. Routine standard periodontal treatments include gingival flaps, root planning, application of growth/differentiation factors or filler materials and guided tissue...

The first objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of the hydrophilicity on the early phases of osseointegration. The second objective was to compare two hydrophilic implant surfaces with different geometries, surface roughness, and technologies achieving hydrophilicity. Twelve weeks after extraction, all four quadrants of nine mini...

To study early bone healing of immediately loaded implants placed in fresh extraction sockets versus immediate implants without occlusal loading in the dog. A total of 48 implants were placed in the distal sockets of Pm3 and Pm4 in the lower jaw of 12 Beagle dogs immediately after tooth extraction. In the control group, no loading was applied. In t...

Aim: To describe the early healing events in the alveolar socket during the first 8 weeks of spontaneous healing after tooth extraction. Materials and methods: 16 adult beagle dogs were selected and five healing periods were analysed (4 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks). Mandibular premolars were extracted and each socket corresponding to th...

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory process that has recently been associated with a higher risk of early implant failure. Herein we provide information on the impact of colitis on peri-implant bone formation using preclinical models of chemically induced colitis. Colitis was induced by intrarectal instillation of 2,4,6-trinitro-benzene-sulfo...

Background: Growth hormone (GH) and melatonin belong to the group of growth factors. These substances have been proposed to improve and accelerate osseous healing using topical applications. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the topical administration of GH and melatonin on osseointegration of dental implants in Beagle do...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the early bone response of tapered and cylindrical root form implants with two different surface treatments in fresh extraction sockets after 4 and 8 weeks. Materials and methods: Surface treatments and implant design comprised (n = 9 each): tapered with dual acid-etched surface; tapered with dual a...

External skeletal fixation is generally considered the best stabilization technique for immobilizing avian long bone fractures, but one of its major complications is the failure of bone-fixation pin interface or the loss of holding power. Consequently, this study is aimed at elucidating which pin design offers more pull-out strength in certain bone...

The purpose of this investigation is to describe histologically the undisturbed healing of fresh extraction sockets when compared to immediate implant placement. In eight beagle dogs, after extraction of the 3P3 and 4P4, implants were inserted into the distal sockets of the premolars, while the mesial sockets were left to heal spontaneously. Each a...

The periodontal regeneration of bone defects is often unsatisfactory and could be largely improved by cell therapy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the regenerative potential of implanting canine cementum-derived cells (CDCs) and canine periodontal ligament-derived cells (PDLDCs) in experimentally created periodontal intrabony...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone remodeling dynamics after immediate implant placement at different levels in relation to the crestal bone with two different implant designs in beagle dogs. The mandibular second, third and fourth premolars of six beagle dogs were extracted bilaterally and three imp...

To describe the histological and clinical outcomes of the use of a xenogeneic collagen matrix (CM) in combination with the coronally advanced flap (CAF) in the treatment of localized Miller class-I gingival recessions. Gingival recession defects were surgically created on 12 minipigs. The defects were randomly treated with either the CAF procedure...