Fernando Guerrero-Romero

Mexican Institute of Social Security | IMSS · Biomedical Research Unit, at Durango

The triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index is a reliable biomarker for estimating insulin resistance; however, evidence regarding the use of the TyG index in individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is scarce. Thus, we examined the association between the TyG index and the MHO phenotype. Apparently healthy men and women aged 18 years or...

Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven is widely used in traditional medicine for different illnesses, including diabetes and hypertension. However, its impact on lipotoxicity and metabolic syndrome in vivo has not been addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this plant on the metabolic syndrome parameters in a C5...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the triglycerides and glucose index (TyG) versus the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) for diagnosing insulin resistance. Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision tree based on the false-negative and false-positive tests and the tr...

Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven is widely used in traditional medicine for different illnesses included diabetes and hypertension. However, its impact on lipotoxicity and metabolic syndrome in vivo has not been addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this plant on the metabolic syndrome parameters in a C57B...

Simple Summary Magnesium is an essential nutrient, also called an essential mineral or element. Magnesium is vastly important in all life, with vital roles for the healthy functioning of the human immune, metabolic, neurological, psychological, and heart and circulatory systems. Our bodies cannot “make” magnesium; rather, we must get it from outsid...

The aim of this study was to compare the association of the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with lipoprotein(a) (lp[a]), apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), and apoliprotein B (apoB) concentrations in children with normal-weight. Children with normal weight aged 6–10 years and Tanner 1 s...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of roasting coffee degree on inflammatory (NF-kβ F-6 and TNF-α) and stress oxidative markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) end product concentrations, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in high-fructose and saturated fat (HFSFD)-fed rats. Roasting was performed using hot...

Background Among the Toll-like receptors (TLR) that are dependent of myeloid response protein (MyD88), the TLR4 and TLR2 are directly associated with low-grade chronic inflammation; however, they are not been investigated in subjects with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the association between...

Introduction. The role of leptin in humans is an essential factor in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D); and it is also related to their comorbidities. The objective of this study was to determine the influence together of rs7799039 (-2548G > A) LEP and rs1137101 (223Gln > Arg) LEPR polymorphisms, as well as biochemical and so...

We thank Dr. Scarpati and Dr. Piazza for their interest and comments [...]

Background: It is well-recognized that hyperuricemia is a common abnormality among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperuricemia is associated with the metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes. Methods: Men and women equal or greate...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Although Mexican oregano inhibits digestive enzymes in vitro its effect on the absorption of carbohydrates and lipids in vivo has not been addressed. Aim of the study Assess the effect of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth) on carbohydrates and lipids absorption in vivo. The antioxidant activity also was invest...

Purpose Serum magnesium is the most frequently used laboratory test for evaluating clinical magnesium status. Hypomagnesemia (low magnesium status), which is associated with many chronic diseases, is diagnosed using the serum magnesium reference range. Currently, no international consensus for a magnesemia normal range exists. Two independent group...

Background: It has been reported that insulin resistance is related to cognitive decline. The triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, is a reliable and inexpensive surrogate test for detecting insulin resistance. Aims: The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adu...

Introduction Evidence from clinical trials supports the efficacy of oral magnesium supplementation in the treatment of glucose-related disorders. Thus, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using oral magnesium chloride (MgCl2) in prediabetes treatment. Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed. For such purpose, we used original informa...

Purpose In less than one and a half year, the COVID-19 pandemic has nearly brought to a collapse our health care and economic systems. The scientific research community has concentrated all possible efforts to understand the pathogenesis of this complex disease, and several groups have recently emphasized recommendations for nutritional support in...

Since its foundation, more than 75 years ago, the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) has carried out multidisciplinary research -biomedical, clinical and epidemiological- focused on understanding and solving the medical problems that afflict its beneficiaries (more than 50% of the Mexican population). Initially, research was the result of...

Several studies have supported the usefulness of the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index as a surrogate measure of insulin resistance; however, it has not been evaluated in insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the TyG index and insulin secretion in young adults with normal weight. Apparently healthy non-p...

In order to search viable alternatives for detoxifying the castor bean toxic waste, and harnessing for diverse applications, the objective of this study was evaluate the thermal-detoxified method and determinate the castor bean cake nutraceutical potential properties. Autoclaving (15 psi, 15 min, 121 ° C) process in presence of humidity (30 %) was...

Although magnesium intake is inversely associated with the risk of metabolic abnormalities, whether magnesium intake plays a role on metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype has not been explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the magnesium intake is associated with the MHO phenotype. Apparently, healthy women and...

Since its foundation, more than 75 years ago, the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) has carried out multidisciplinary research –biomedical, clinical and epidemiological– focused on understanding and solving the medical problems that afflict its beneficiaries (more than 50 % of the Mexican population). Initially, research was the result of...

Given the worldwide increase prevalence of overweight, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index is associated with hepatic steatosis in children with overweight or obesity. Apparently healthy children aged 5‑17 years were included and allocat...

Background: The SLC38A4 gene encodes for the SNAT4 protein, which has been related to glucose metabolic alterations in human newborns. This study aimed to determine whether the 1304 G > A and 292 C > T polymorphisms of the SLC38A4 gene are associated with the presence of glucose levels > 95 mg/dL in normal weight full-term healthy newborns. Metho...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming in one of the most prevalent liver diseases that leads to liver transplantation. This health problem is a multisystem disease with a complex pathogenesis that involves liver, adipose tissue, gut, and muscle. Although several pharmacological agents have been investigated to prevent or treat non-alcoholic...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant potential of green tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) calyxes’ extracts. Three methods were used to obtain the extracts: maceration (M), ultrasound‐assisted (US), and infusion. Regarding in vitro hypoglycemic evaluation, glucose diffusion assay and enzymatic inhibitory action of α...

Background. Given the numerous gaps in our knowledge about the biological interactions of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], we determined whether Lp(a) was associated with hyperinsulinemia in healthy normal-weight, prepubertal children. Methods. A total of 131 healthy normal-weight Mexican children aged 6 to 9 years at Tanner stage 1 who were born appropriat...

Reduced magnesium (Mg) intake is a frequent cause of deficiency with age together with reduced absorption, renal wasting, and polypharmacotherapy. Chronic Mg deficiency may result in increased oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation, which may be linked to several age-related diseases, including higher predisposition to infectious diseases. Mg...

Aims: The 5HTT gene has been associated with obesity; this study aimed to determine the association between L- and S-alleles at the 5HTTLPR polymorphism with obesity in indigenous Mexican populations. Materials and Methods: A total of 362 individuals, 289 belonging to eight Native American (NA) groups; 40 Mexican mestizos; and 33 Caucasian Mennoni...

Introduction Diabetes is a worldwide problem with a greater impact in developing countries, where many people are unaware of their risk. In Mexico, women show the greatest risk for T2D. Current risk scores have been developed and validated in predominantly older European cohorts. They are not the best option in Mexican women. The development of a r...

Objective: To evaluate whether the Fat-to-Lean Mass (FyM) ratio is associated to hyperinsulinemia in healthy adolescents. Methods: Apparently healthy adolescents aged 10 to 15 years that according to sex, age, and percentiles of body fat percent, were included and allocated into the groups with elevated (body fat percent ≥85 percentile) and normal...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant potential of konjac in vitro and in vivo. Glucose diffusion and enzymatic starch digestion of konjac were assayed using α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and oral starch tolerance test (OSTT) were performed at dose of 102 mg/Kg of body weight (equiv...

We evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of five commercial turmeric (Curcuma longa ) supplements: (1) bulk samples, (2) turmeric root from India, (3) curcuma turmeric Pronat®, (4) turmeric & black pepper Swanson®, and (5) C3 complex® turmeric curcumin. Glucose diffusion and enzymatic starch digestion assays, using α‐amylase and α‐gluco...

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a public health challenge. Between 1999 and 2012, the prevalence in Mexico of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren went from 25.5 to 32 %. Objective: To report current prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren from the municipality of Durango, Mexico. Method: Cross-sectional survey conducted...

It has been suggested that the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index is an early indicator for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the TyG index is useful in the screening of glucose disorders (GD) in apparently healthy children and adolescents. Eligible participants were apparently healthy children a...

Introducción: La obesidad infantil es un reto de salud pública. Entre 1999 y 2012, en México la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad (SO) en niños escolares pasó de 25.5 a 32 %. Objetivo: Reportar la prevalencia actual de SO en niños escolares del municipio de Durango, México. Método: Encuesta transversal realizada entre enero de 2017 y diciembre d...

Introduction Diabetes is a worldwide problem with a greater impact in developing countries, where many people are unaware of their risk. In Mexico, women show the greatest risk for T2D. Current risk scores have been developed and validated in predominantly older European cohorts. They are not the best option in Mexican women. The development of a r...

Studies in adults show that family history of diabetes correlates with the increase of serum triglyceride levels (1) and that hypertriglyceridaemia is associated to insulin insensitivity (2). These findings suggest that hypertriglyceridaemia is an early biomarker of inadequate insulin secretion and action; results that highlight the role of triglyc...

Various anthropometric measurements have been used for the screening of individuals at risk of developing metabolic abnormalities. Bioelectrical impedance is a method for measuring body composition that provides a convenient, cheap and non‐radioactive alternative to standard methods such as Dual Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). However, data obta...

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine whether the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index is associated with the presence of metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) phenotype and related cardiovascular risk factors.Methods Apparently healthy men and non-pregnant women aged 20–65 years were enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study...

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure in pediatric population has been increasing worldwide. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index is associated with the presence of prehypertension or hypertension in children and adolescents. Apparently healthy children aged 6 to 15 years were enrolled in a po...

Objective: To assess whether zinc deficiency is associated with prehypertension (preHTN) in apparently healthy subjects. Design: Apparently healthy women and men, aged 20 to 60 years were enrolled into a case-control study. Individuals with and without preHTN were allocated into the case and control groups, respectively. Hypertension, liver disease...

Given that adipocytokines may play an important role in the pathophysiology of high blood pressure (HBP) and because related reports in children are scarce and controversial, we evaluated the relationship of leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, adiponectin, and interferon-γ with HBP. Materials and Methods. A total of 129 (53.8%...

Objective: The aim was to evaluate whether the Fat-to-Lean Mass (FyM) ratio is associated to glucose metabolic disorders (GMD). Design: Cross-sectional population based study. Methods: Eligible subjects were healthy men and non-pregnant women with new diagnosis of GMD that were allocated into following groups: 1) Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT)...

Introducción El magnesio, el catión divalente intracelular más abundante, ejerce una gran variedad de funciones biológicas que incluyen: a) cambios estruc-turales, a través de grupos complejos cargados negativamente, y en el mantenimiento de la integridad y estabilidad de la membrana celular, b) funciones catalíticas, a través de la activación o in...

Background To analyze whether the weight ratio of potassium‐to‐magnesium intake is associated with incident high blood pressure, in otherwise healthy individuals. Materials and Methods A total of 529 healthy individuals were enrolled in a cross‐sectional study and allocated into following groups: Group 1) Potassium and magnesium intake within Reco...

Background Simvastatin is a widely used drug for dyslipidemia treatment, and the best therapeutic effects are achieved at night time. Simvastatin administration has been associated with the development of myopathy. Some polymorphisms in genes that are involved in the metabolism and transport of simvastatin seem to have an important role in the deve...

Background: Previous studies have suggested that elevated triglyceride levels may precede the appearance of glucose metabolic disturbances in adults; nonetheless, this hypothesis has not been tested in children. Hence, we evaluated whether hypertriglyceridemia is associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in normal-weight children. Methods:...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of resveratrol supplementation on lipid profile in individuals with dyslipidemia. Methods: Apparently healthy men and non-pregnant women 20 to 65 y of age with new diagnosis of dyslipidemia were enrolled in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and randomly allocated to re...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral magnesium supplementation in the improvement of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. This is a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial that enrolled 198 individuals with MetS and hypomagnesemia who were randomly allocated to receive either 30 mL of magnesium...

Understanding the genetic structure of Native American populations is important to clarify their diversity, demographic history, and to identify genetic factors relevant for biomedical traits. Here, we show a demographic history reconstruction from 12 Native American whole genomes belonging to six distinct ethnic groups representing the three main...

Background Given the usefulness of the product of triglycerides and glucose (TyG) to recognize individuals at high risk for developing cardiovascular events, the aim of this study was to determine whether the TyG index is associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy normal-weight children and adolescents.Methods...

A stringent regulation of influx and efflux of magnesium by cation transporters seems to play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). With this regard, we evaluate the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on the transcription of TRPM6, TRPM7, and SLC41A1, in individuals with incident pre-hypertension (preHTN). For such purpo...

It has been reported that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit lower serum uric acid levels; however, the association between uric acid concentrations and benign MS (BMS) has not been assessed. Hence, the objective of the present study was to determine whether the serum concentrations of uric acid are associated with the presence of BMS. M...

Background: Results of previous clinical trials evaluating the effect of magnesium supplementation on inflammatory markers are controversial. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were performed to evaluating the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentr...

PurposeWe performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in order to evaluate the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on lipid profile of both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Methods PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched (from inception to February 23, 2016) to identify RCTs...

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention on hospital stay and mortality among hospitalized patients with malnutrition. Methods: Hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of malnutrition were enrolled and randomly allocated to either an intervention or control group. Participants in the interventio...

Aim: To evaluate if the TG/HDL-C index can be considered as a reference criterion of MetS and low insulin sensitivity in apparently healthy subjects. Methods: The subjects were Mexican mestizos who resided in Puebla City, Mexico, who were anthropometrically, biochemically, and clinically characterized. The TG/HDL-C index was calculated by dividi...

Aim: Although recognising insulin resistance in children is particularly important, the gold standard test used to diagnose it, the euglyceamic glucose clamp, is costly, invasive and is not routinely available in our clinical settings in Mexico. This study evaluated whether the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index would provide a useful alternative....

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether insulin resistance is associated with elevation of transaminases levels and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio in normal-weight healthy young adults. Participants and methods: Apparently healthy nonpregnant women and men, aged 18-23 years, were enrolled i...

A growing body of evidence shows the effect of magnesium on serum glucose, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, as well as on blood pressure, which strongly suggests that magnesium might play an important role in metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. We performed a systematic revi...

The 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee indicated that magnesium was a shortfall nutrient that was underconsumed relative to the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for many Americans. Approximately 50% of Americans consume less than the EAR for magnesium, and some age groups consume substantially less. A growing body of literature from anim...

Unlabelled: Introduction and aim. Given that early identification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important issue for primary prevention of hepatic disease, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of the product of triglyceride and glucose levels (TyG) for screening simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohep...

Background and aims: Although the Glucose and Triglyceride levels (TyG) index is useful for identification of insulin resistance (IR) in different ethnic groups, it has not been evaluated in young adults. We undertook this study to evaluate the TyG index as a diagnostic test for IR in young adults. Methods: A total of 5,538 healthy young adults,...

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and glucose control in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched (from inception to November 25, 2015) to identify RCTs evaluating th...

Background: Whether low serum magnesium is an epiphenomenon related with obesity or, whether obesity per se is cause of hypomagnesemia, remains to be clarified. Objective: To examine the relationship between body weight status and hypomagnesemia in apparently healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 681 healthy individuals aged 30 to 65years were...

Aim: To determine whether hyperuricemia is associated with the early phase and late phase of insulin release in apparently healthy non-obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Materials and methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was performed. Apparently healthy individuals aged 20 to 65 years were eligible to participate. Smokin...

Background: Evacetrapib, a new cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor, is being investigated as a potential therapeutic option for reducing cardiovascular events through increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. How evacetrapib affects other lipid parameters is less certain. The present study aimed to estimate t...

Objective: To evaluate the association of hypomagnesemia with prehypertension (preHTN) and hypertension in children. Study design: A total of 3954 apparently healthy Mexican children were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Exclusion criteria were type 2 diabetes; hepatic, renal, or endocrine disease; impaired fasting glucose; chronic diarrhea;...

The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the magnitude of effect of statin therapy on plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) levels through a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. A random-effects model (using DerSimonian-Laird method) and the generic inverse variance method were used for quantitative data sy...

We investigated the expression of Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites (BORIS) and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. To analyze BORIS and CTCF expression, an endocervical cytobrush sample was taken for total RNA isolation. CTCF and BORIS mRNA was quantified from total RNA using quantitative reve...

This study evaluated the efficacy of oral magnesium supplementation in the reduction of plasma glucose levels in adults with prediabetes and hypomagnesaemia. A total of 116 men and non-pregnant women, aged 30 to 65years with hypomagnesaemia and newly diagnosed with prediabetes, were enrolled into a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial t...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) confers a higher risk for active tuberculosis (TB). However, information on associated risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) inpatients with DM2 is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study to elucidate the prevalence of LTBI and its associated factors on Mexican adults with DM2 receiving medical c...

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased insulin secretion and the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes. Studies in r