Felix Wilhelm Siebert

Technical University of Denmark | DTU · Department of Technology, Management and Economics

Since smooth pursuit eye movements can be used without calibration in spontaneous gaze interaction, the intuitiveness of the gaze interface design has been a topic of great interest in the human-computer interaction field. However, since most related research focuses on curved smooth-pursuit trajectories, the design issues of linear trajectories ar...

Current implementations of automated driving rely on the driver to monitor the vehicle and be ready to assume control in situations that the automation cannot successfully manage. However, research has shown that drivers are not able to monitor an automated vehicle for longer periods of time, as the monotonous monitoring task leads to attention rea...

While the introduction of highly automated vehicles promises lower accident numbers, a main requirement for wide use of these vehicles will be the acceptance by drivers. In this study a crucial variable for the acceptance of highly automated vehicles, the vehicle to vehicle distance expressed in time headway, was researched in a driving simulator....

Developing countries are subject to increased motorization, particularly in the number of motorcycles. As helmet use is critical to the safety of motorcycle riders, the goal of this study was to identify observable patterns of helmet use, which allow a more accurate assessment of helmet use in developing countries. In a video based observation stud...

Background The number of motorized two-wheelers is increasing rapidly in Tanzania. At the same time, the WHO estimates that this road user group makes up 23% of road-related fatalities in Tanzania (WHO, 2018). One of the contributing factors to crashes that result in fatalities is motorcycle rider behavior. Objective This study investigates differ...

Background Motorcycle crashes carry considerable head injury risks. Hence, helmets are crucial for reducing the severity of injuries and fatalities. Despite mandatory helmet use laws in many countries, the lack of comprehensive and timely data on helmet use impedes the identification of urban areas with low helmet use, preventing targeted legislati...

Zusammenfassung Ein weit verbreitetes Instrument zur standardisierten Erfassung der Technikaffinität ist der 19-Items umfassende Fragebogen TAEG (Karrer et al. 2009). Er erfasst Technikaffinität auf vier Skalen: (1) selbsteingeschätzte Kompetenz, (2) Begeisterung, (3) wahrgenommene positive Folgen und (4) wahrgenommene negative Folgen. In der vorli...

This study identifies a gap in data-driven approaches to robot-centric pedestrian interactions and proposes a corresponding pipeline. The pipeline utilizes unsupervised learning techniques to identify patterns in interaction data of urban environments, specifically focusing on conflict scenarios. Analyzed features include the robot's and pedestrian...

This Data in Brief (DiB) article presents the differences in cycling behaviors related to violations, errors, and positive behaviors by region. The study data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire applied to a full sample of 7,001 participants from 19 countries, distributed over 5 continents. This paper proposes descriptive statisti...

Personal assistance robots are making inroads into our private and public life. At the same time, most humans are still unfamiliar with this technology and hesitate to accept and use it for daily tasks. Fortunately, the designs of robots can be adjusted to yield greater acceptance, subsequently enabling their utilization across various tasks. Using...

Background Although motorcycle helmets can save lives in case of a crash, no helmet use data are available for many countries. When data is available, it is often only analysed as a global average, preventing targeted road safety education and legislative action. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of motorcycle helmet use in the capita...

Eye typing interfaces enable a person to enter text into an interface using only their own eyes. But despite the inherent advantages of touchless operation and intuitive design, such eye-typing interfaces often suffer from slow typing speeds, resulting in slow words per minute (WPM) counts. In this study, we add word and letter prediction to the ey...

Eye typing interfaces enable a person to enter text into an interface using only their own eyes. But despite the inherent advantages of touchless operation and intuitive design, such eye-typing interfaces often suffer from slow typing speeds, resulting in slow words per minute (WPM) counts. In this study, we add word and letter prediction to the ey...

Although most actions aimed at promoting the use of active transport means have been con-ducted in ‘large’ cities, recent studies suggest that their cycling dynamics could hinder the ef-forts put into infrastructural, modal share, and cycling culture improvements. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the role of city sizes on riding behavioral an...

Today, many cities seek to transition to more sustainable transportation systems. Cycling is critical in this transition for shorter trips, including first-and-last-mile links to transit. Yet, if individuals perceive cycling as unsafe, they will not cycle and choose other transportation modes. This study presents a novel approach to identifying how...

Delivery robots can contribute to efficient transportation and handover of goods in urban areas. To realize the full potential of this technology, users need to accept these novel systems. One possibility to increase acceptance is adapting the design of robots. The design of delivery robots, which are meant to function as tools but also interact cl...

Even before the Covid-19 pandemic, beneficial use cases for hygienic, touchless human-machine interaction have been explored. Gaze input, i.e., information input via eye-movements of users, represents a promising method for contact-free interaction in human-machine systems. In this paper, we present the GazeVending interface (GaVe), which lets user...

The last few years have brought about a series of substantial changes for mobility on two wheels, especially if the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is considered as a relevant fact for transportation dynamics [1,2]. Social distancing recommendations have promoted the use of individual transportation systems instead of massive transportations means....

Given different advances in applied literature, risky and positive behaviours keep gaining ground as key contributors for riding safety outcomes. In this regard, the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) represents one of the tools available to assess the core dimensions of cycling behaviour and their relationship with road safety outcomes from a b...

In Antananarivo, Madagascar’s capital city, motorcycle and scooter traffic is increasing, and newspapers frequently report on crashes that injure or kill motorcycle riders. Despite this, no detailed data on the share of motorcyclists on overall traffic is available. Furthermore, no data is collected on motorcycle helmet use, leaving policy makers w...

Context Motorcycle helmet use represents one of the main progress metrics in the Second Decade of Action for Road Safety and the Sustainable Development Goals. Still, data on this critical variable is only infrequently collected, hence no evidence based and timely interventions to influence the helmet use of motorcyclists are possible. A main obsta...

Context The motorcycle helmet is the most effective injury prevention measure in case of a crash. Still, many countries do not have adequate motorcycle helmet use data, preventing targeted legislative or enforcement-based interventions. A primary obstacle to assess the helmet use of riders is the use of human observers, which are expensive to emplo...

Context The COVID-19 pandemic has increased bicycle use in cities worldwide as citizens shift from public transport towards individual transportation modes. At the same time, cycling infrastructure is slow to adapt to this increase in traffic. For crowded infrastructure, the safe behaviour of cyclists increases in importance. But while automated so...

Given different advances in applied literature, risky and positive behaviours keep gaining ground as key contributors for riding safety outcomes. In this regard, the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) represents one of the tools available to assess the core dimensions of cycling behaviour and their relationship with road safety outcomes from a b...

Facilitating safe pedestrian road crossings is a major prerequisite for safe urban environments. In multiple cities around the world, 3D crosswalks have been painted, which provoke an optical illusion, of e.g., a crosswalk floating above the road, in car drivers who approach the crosswalk. However, to date, no detailed study of road users’ safety r...

We present an eye typing interface with one-point calibration, which is a two-stage design. The characters are clustered in groups of four characters. Users select a cluster by gazing at it in the first stage and then select the desired character by following its movement in the second stage. A user study was conducted to explore the impact of audi...

Shared e-scooters are introduced as a new form of mobility around the world. Alongside this rise in micromobility, e-scooter crashes are reported, and e-scooter riders are injured and killed in traffic. Little research has been conducted on the relation between ergonomics and the safe use of e-scooters, and it is unclear whether e-scooter riders kn...

Shared e-scooters, whose supply and coverage keeps increasing in many cities around the globe, are rapidly changing mobility in urban road environments. As rising injury rates have been observed alongside this new form of mobility, researchers are investigating potential factors that relate to safe/unsafe e-scooter use. In Germany, e-scooter sharin...

Urban mobility is changing due to the emergence of new technologies like autonomously navigating robots. In the future, various transport operators and micro mobility services will be integrated in an increasingly complex mobility system, potentially realizing benefits such as a reduction of congestion, travel costs, and emissions. The field of per...

In Germany, approximately 2.7 million crashes occurred in 2019. Especially vulnerable road users (VRU) have a high risk of being seriously injured or killed in traffic. Within the safe system approach, changes to the traffic infrastructure have been implemented to increase VRU safety. The creation of so-called shared spaces, in which all road users...

Like many low- and middle-income countries, Nepal is experiencing a massive motorization, predominantly from increased use of motorcycles which is driving a surge in road-related injuries and fatalities. Motorcycles and their riders have been identified as a focal point for road traffic injury prevention measures. While helmet use is mandatory for...

Background Mandatory motorcycle helmet use regulation is essential, but its enforcement is even more important for head injury prevention, especially in a country like Nepal with a high share of motorcycle traffic. We assessed the impact of one-sided motorcycle helmet use regulation in Nepal, where helmet use is mandatory, but only drivers are fine...

Background The motorcycle is the main form of transport for many road users in the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). and since motorcycle riders are critically vulnerable in case of a crash, there should be strong enforcement of road safety related rules, such as helmet use. However, insufficient resources in LMIC hinder...

Cycling behavior remains a key issue for explaining several traffic causalities occurring every day. However, recent studies have shown how the assessment of the own safety-related behaviors on the road may substantially differ from how third parties assess them. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between cyclists' self-rep...

The spatial behavior of robots working alongside humans critically influences the experience of comfort and personal space of users. The spatial behavior of service robots is especially important, as they move in close proximity to their users. To identify acceptable spatial behavior of Follow Me robots, we conducted an experimental study with 24 p...

Road Safety in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Technical Report on a Motorcycle helmet use study.

Observations sur les usagers de la route et l’utilisation de casque par les motocyclistes et leurs passagers à Antananarivo, capitale de Madagascar.

Automated detection of motorcycle helmet use through video surveillance can facilitate efficient education and enforcement campaigns that increase road safety. However, existing detection approaches have a number of shortcomings, such as the inabilities to track individual motorcycles through multiple frames, or to distinguish drivers from passenge...

Robots that are designed to work in close proximity to humans are required to move and act in a way that ensures social acceptance by their users. Hence, a robot's proximal behavior toward a human is a main concern, especially in human-robot interaction that relies on relatively close proximity. This study investigated how the distance and lateral...

The continuous motorization of traffic has led to a sustained increase in the global number of road related fatalities and injuries. To counter this, governments are focusing on enforcing safe and law-abiding behavior in traffic. However, especially in developing countries where the motorcycle is the main form of transportation, there is a lack of...

The poster shows the results of a study conducted in three different primary and secondary schools in the Arusha Region in January 2019, to investigate the students' declared gaze behaviour to explore the visual field within nine selected road scenarios, showing road crossings divided into three groups: straight road, road with zebra crossing, and...

Human behavior plays a major role in the causation of road traffic crashes and the severity of their outcomes. The accurate and detailed registration of road user behavior is therefore vital to identify variables that can decrease the number of road crashes. Naturalistic observation of road user behavior in the field presents a main pillar of injur...

Although motorcycle helmets are vital to prevent heavy injuries and fatalities in motorcycle crashes, only one third of low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) regularly collects helmet use data. When data is available, it is often undetailed or based on small sample sizes. Hence, methods for regular and detailed monitoring of motorcycle helmet use...

In this study the location of vehicle to vehicle distance thresholds for self-reported subjective risk and comfort was researched. Participants were presented with ascending and descending time headway sequences in a driving simulator. This so called method of limits of ascending and descending stimuli (Gouy, Diels, Reed, Stevens, & Burnett, 2012)...

There is no agreement on the relation between driving parameters and drivers’ subjective states. A linear as well as a threshold relationship for different subjective variables and driving parameters has been put forward. In this study we investigate the relationship between time headway and the ratings of risk, task difficulty, effort, and comfort...

Maladaptive driving is an important source of self-inflicted accidents and this driving style could include high speeds, speeding violations, and poor lateral control of the vehicle. The literature suggests that certain groups of drivers, such as novice drivers, males, highly motivated drivers, and those who frequently experience anger in traffic,...

Due to the increasing amount of automation in vehicles the role of the driver changes from having an active part in the driving of the vehicle to a reactive monitoring task. Since there is currently no method to measure subjective comfort or discomfort we developed a 14-item scale to measure the discomfort of a driver. Research suggests that it is...

Emotion detection provides a promising basis for designing future-oriented human centered design of Human-Machine Interfaces. Affective Computing can facilitate human-machine communication. Such adaptive advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) which are dependent on the emotional state of the driver can be applied in cars. In contrast to the majo...

As cars become increasingly computerized, automatic emotion detection and affective computing provides a promising basis for future-oriented human-computer interaction (HCI) in cars. However, we are still facing severe problems when trying to detect the users’ emotional state reliably. This experimental study investigated grip-strength as a new non...