
Felix A. López- Doctor
- Spanish National Research Council
Felix A. López
- Doctor
- Spanish National Research Council
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255
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Publications (255)
Zinc-based oxides are the main products obtained after the Waelz process, a metallurgical method used industrially for the treatment of electric arc furnaces. These oxides have certain impurities in their composition, which can be a disadvantage. Carbochlorination reduction reactions have proven to be useful in eliminating certain impurities (espec...
This work aims to recover rare earths from wind turbines NdFeB magnets through pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical techniques. First, a NdFeB hydride powder is obtained by decrepitation with hydrogen. Subsequently, this powder was subjected to a chlorination roasting process and successive leaching with water to bring the metals into solution....
The amount of waste Li-Ion Batteries (LIBs) is significantly growing. Therefore, scholars and industries are exploring efficient ways to recover their valuable elements. Meanwhile, steel production generates Fe-rich slag, which is often sold for construction purposes without fully utilizing its potential metal content. Reusing this slag in LIB recy...
The recycling and recovery of value-added secondary raw materials such as spent Zn/C batteries is crucial to reduce the environmental impact of wastes and to achieve cost-effective and sustainable processing technologies. The aim of this work is to fabricate reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based sorbents with a desulfurization capability using recycle...
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a greener alternative to other more polluting traditional solvents and have attracted a lot of interest in the last two decades. The DESs are less toxic dissolvents and have a lower environmental footprint. This paper presents an alternative synthesis method to the classical heating–stirring method. The...
The abundant use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in a wide variety of electric devices and vehicles will generate a large number of depleted batteries, which contain several valuable metals, such as Li, Co, Mn, and Ni, present in the structure of the cathode material (LiMO2). The present work investigates the extraction of lithium, as lithium chlor...
This study reviews the possibilities of recovering the pickling waters from carbon and galvanised steel. Acid pickling with hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the most widely used chemical process to remove iron oxides from the metal surface without any significant attack on the steel itself. The acid pickling bath contains mainly ferrous chloride (FeCl2)...
Spent batteries recycling is an important way to obtain low-cost graphite. Nevertheless, the obtaining of crystalline graphite with a rather low density of defects is required for many applications. In the present work, high-quality graphites have been obtained from different kinds of spent batteries. Black masses from spent alkaline batteries (bat...
The zinc alkaline battery is one of the most popular sources of portable electrical energy, with more than 300,000 tons being consumed per year. Accordingly, it is critical to recycle its components. In this work, we propose the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) microparticles recovered from worn-out batteries as fillers of epoxy resins. These nanocomposites...
Spent batteries recycling is an important way to obtain low-cost graphite. Nevertheless, the obtaining of crystalline graphite with a rather low density of defects is required for many applications. In the present work, high-quality graphites have been obtained from different kinds of spent batteries. Black masses from spent alkaline batteries (bat...
Two FCC spent catalysts with different amounts of La2O3 and similar Al2O3/SiO2 ratios and the corresponding residues of an optimized process of La-extraction are studied. The potential of the powders as feedstock for mullite refractories is established. The four powders have been fully characterized – chemical composition, crystalline phases, parti...
A laboratory-scale procedure was developed to obtain lanthanum oxide from spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst, commonly used in the heavy crude oil cracking process. Two different solids, consisting mainly of silica, alumina, and a certain amount of rare earth elements, were leached under several conditions to recover the rare earths. Nitric ac...
In this paper, the transport of iron(III) from iron(III)-manganese(II)-hydrochloric acid mixed solutions, coming from the treatment of spent alkaline batteries through a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane, is investigated (the carrier phase being of Cyanex 923 (commercially available phosphine oxide extractant) dissolved in Solvesso 100 (commerci...
An laboratory procedure has been developed to obtain lanthanum oxide from spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst, commonly used in the cracking the heavy crude oil process. Two different spent fluid catalytic cracking catalysts, which are mainly formed by silica and alumina, and a certain amount of rare earths were leached under several conditions...
The transport of iron(III) from Fe(III)-Mn(II)-HCl mixed solutions through a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane is investigated, being the carrier phase of Cyanex 923 (commercially available phosphine oxide extractant) dissolved in Solvesso 100 (commercially available diluent), as a function of hydrodynamic conditions, concentration of manganese...
In this work, we analyzed the suitability of a versatile recombinant lipase, secreted by Ophiostoma piceae (OPEr) and produced in Pichia pastoris, as a catalyst of the synthesis of biodiesel. The enzyme was immobilized by five covalent procedures and by hydrophobicity on functionalized nanoparticles of magnetite or of a novel Zn/Mn oxide named G1....
Demand for niobium and tantalum is increasing exponentially as these are essential ingredients for the manufacture of, among others, capacitors in technological devices and ferroniobium. Mine tailings rich in such elements could constitute an important source of Nb and Ta in the future and so alleviate potential supply risks. This paper evaluates t...
Even in the first quarter of the XXI century, the presence of organic dyes in wastewaters was a normal occurrence in a series of countries. As these compounds are toxic, their removal from these waters is a necessity. Among the separation technologies, adsorption processing appeared as one of the most widely used to reach this goal. The present wor...
As a hazardous waste, water pickling liquors must be properly treated. An alternative consists of promoting the formation of ferrous salts from this residue due to their higher ferrous content. Since FeCl2·4H2O is widely used in several applications, obtaining pure crystals of this material appears to be an interesting prospect. However, this compo...
As a hazardous waste, pickling waste liquor must be properly treated. An alternative consists in promoting the formation of ferrous salts from this residue, due to its higher ferrous content. Since FeCl2·4H2O is widely used in several applications, obtaining pure crystals of this material appears to be an interesting prospect. However, this compoun...
Even in the first quarter of XXI century, the presence of organic dyes in wastewaters is a normal occurrence in a series of countries, and being these compounds toxics, their removal from these waters is of a necessity. Among the separation technologies, adsorption processing appeared as one of the most widely used to reach this goal. The present w...
A process aimed at the recovery of terbium from liquid solutions using activated carbon (AC) derived from spent coffee grounds (SCG) was assessed. AC was obtained using the hydro-alcoholic treatment of SCG, followed by the physical activation of the as-obtained product. The AC exhibited both microporous and mesoporous structures, which were shown b...
The use of clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy as well as the minimization of waste disposal are fundamental aspects to be considered nowadays in a circular economy approach. In this way, the development of efficient systems for sulfur removal in biomass and waste gasification is of key relevance and the use of recycled materials wi...
The ionic liquid A327H⁺Cl⁻ is generated by reaction of the tertiary amine A327 (industrial mixture of tri-octyl and tri-decyl amines) and hydrochloric acid solutions. In this study, the extraction of Au(III) by A327H⁺Cl⁻ ionic liquid under various variables, including metal and ionic liquid concentrations, was investigated. Results indicate that A3...
The ionic liquid A327H+Cl- is generated by reaction of the tertiary amine A327 (industrial mixture of tri-octil and tri-decyl amines) and hydrochloric acid solutions. Further, the extraction of Au(III) by A327H+Cl- ionic liquid under various variables, including metal and ionic liquid concentrations, has been investigated. Results indicate that A32...
By the use of the tertiary amine A327 and 1 M HCl solution as precursors, the ionic liquid A327H⁺Cl⁻ was generated and used to investigate its performance in the transport of Au(III) from hydrochloric acid medium. The influence of the stirring speed (600–1800 min⁻¹), ionic liquid concentration (1.25–50% v/v) in the membrane phase, and gold concentr...
A winemaking waste was used as a precursor of activated carbon used for the removal of hazardous Cr(VI) from solutions. The preparation process consisted of a hydrothermal process and a chemical activation of the resulting product, with KOH. The adsorption results show that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the obtained activated carbon is strongly depen...
An activated carbon manufacturing process from winemaking waste is analyzed. In that way, vine shoots conversion is studied as a basis for plant designing, and mass and energy balances of hydrothermal carbonization and physical activation are fulfilled. To develop an energy-integrated plant, a network of heat exchangers is allocated to recover heat...
The preparation of a low-cost cellulose-based bioadsorbent from cellulosic material extracted from rose stems (CRS) was carried out; rose stems are considered agricultural waste. After the required pretreatment of this waste and further treatment with an acidic mixture of acetic and nitric acids, the CRS product was produced. The resulting bioadsor...
In this work, a deep characterization of the properties of K6Ta10.8O30 microrods has been performed. The starting material used to grow the microrods has been recovered from mining tailings coming from the Penouta Sn-Ta-Nb deposit, located in the north of Spain. The recovered material has been submitted to a thermal treatment to grow the microrods....
By the use of the tertiary amine A327 and 1 M HCl solution as precursors, the ionic liquid A327H+Cl- was generated and used to investigate its performance in the transport of Au(III) form hydrochloric acid medium. The influence of the stirring speed (600-1800 min-1), ionic liquid concentration (1.25-50% v/v) in the membrane phase and gold concentra...
An activated carbon manufacturing process using winemaking waste is analyzed and designed at industrial scale. Starting from experimental research, the chemical transformations and thermodynamics during pruning wood conversion are studied as a basis for plant design. In this way, mass and energy balances of hydrothermal carbonization and physical a...
The problem of the treatment of contaminated wastewaters is of the upmost worldwide interest. This contamination occurs via the presence of inorganic or organic contaminants of different nature in relation with the industry they come from. In the case of organic dyes, their environmental impact, and thus, their toxicity come from the air (releasing...
Preparation of a low-cost cellulose-based bioadsorbent from the cellulosic material extracted from the rose stems (CRS) was carried out; rose stems were considered agricultural wastes. After the required pretreatment of this waste, and its further treatment with an acidic mixture of acetic and nitric acids, the CRS product was yielded. The resultin...
Revalorizing organic biowaste is critical to achieve a full circular economy, where waste is transformed into resources. One of the main strategies is to produce activated carbons and use them as functional materials for electrochemical energy storage. In this study, winemaking wastes, bagasse (BAG), and cluster stalks (CS) were recovered and used...
Oxides with ZnxMn3−xO4 stoichiometries and ZnO were synthesized from the “black mass” material recovered from spent alkaline batteries. The oxides were characterized by XRF, XRD with Rietveld refinement, SEM, and TEM methods. Optical characterization included diffuse reflectance (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. ZnO presented a clear b...
Microporous activated carbon (MAC) was synthesized from winemaking waste and was used to adsorb Mn(VII) from aqueous solutions under various experimental conditions. Moreover, Mn(VII) adsorption on MAC was compared to other adsorbents and an ion‐exchange resin, as well as those of other anionic complexes. Langmuir type‐1 isotherm best fitted the ad...
The behavior of oxidized and non-oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the adsorption of lanthanum(III) from aqueous solutions is described. Metal uptake is studied as a function of several variables such as the stirring speed of the system, pH of the aqueous solution and metal and nanomaterial concentrations. The experimental results a...
The slag from the extraction processes of metals from their ores may contain valuable components that, if adequately recovered, can be reintroduced in the technological life cycle. This is the case for the material obtained in Penouta mines in the North of Spain. These mineral sites are a main source of tin obtained from cassiterite. The mineral is...
Mercury is a toxic metal, thus, it is an element which has more and more restrictions in its uses, but despite the above, the removal of this metal, from whatever the form in which it is encountered (zero valent metal, inorganic, or organic compounds), and from different sources, is of a widespread interest. In the case of Hg(II), or Hg²⁺, the inve...
In the system Au(III)-HCl-A324H⁺Cl⁻, liquid-liquid extraction experiments were used to define the extraction equilibrium and the corresponding extraction constant; furthermore, the facilitated transport of this precious metal from HCl solutions across a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane was investigated using the same ionic liquid as a carrier,...
Mercury is a toxic metal, thus, it is an element which has more and more restrictions in its uses, but despite the above, the removal of this metal, from whatever the form in which it is encountered (zero valent metal, inorganic or organic compounds), and from different sources, is of a widespread interest. In the case of Hg(II), or Hg2+, the inves...
This work presented data using always real solutions yielded from the treatment of Spanish raw material, in detail, from a slag obtained in a pyrometallurgy process of tin production from mining tailings containing mainly cassiterite and columbo tantalite. In this investigation the raw material was treated by acid leaching, using HF/H2SO4 as a leac...
Since the 1960s Rare earths (REs) applications gradually have expanded to everyday life. REs have great strategic importance in industrial and technological development, so it is expected an increase in their demand. Among the REs the European Commission considered Cerium and Lanthanum as critical raw materials. This research article studies the ad...
The transport of indium(III), from HCl solutions, across a supported liquid membrane in flat-sheet configuration was investigated, being the carrier the ionic liquid HA324H+Cl- (derived from the tertiary amine Hostarex A324 and hydrochloric acid). Different variables affecting the metal transport: hydrodynamic conditions in the source and receiving...
Copper ion adsorption was studied using an activated carbon from winemaking wastes. The pH, temperature, activated carbon amount, and initial copper concentration were varied based on a full factorial 2k experimental design. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies were also performed. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. The adso...
The transport of indium(III), from HCl solutions, across a supported liquid membrane in flat-sheet configuration was investigated, being the carrier the ionic liquid HA324H+Cl- (derived from the tertiary amine Hostarex A324 and hydrochloric acid). Different variables affecting the metal transport: hydrodynamic conditions in the source and receiving...
The present investigation deals with the adsorption of chromium(III) from alkaline media using multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The adsorption of Cr(III) has been studied under various experimental conditions: stirring speed of the aqueous solution, initial metal and adsorbent concentrations, NaOH concentration in the aqueous solution, and temperatur...
This article presents the copper ions adsorption process using an activated carbon from winemaking wastes. The pH, temperature, activated carbon amount and initial copper concentration were varied based on a full factorial 2k experimental design. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies were also carried out. The adsorption kinetics was found follow a pse...
Several phases with variable stoichiometry ZnxMn3−xO4 (with x = 0.25, 0.85 and 1) and ZnO have been obtained from the black mass, a widely generated residue of wasted alkaline batteries. The obtained samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy showing results consistent with the stoichiometry obtained from chem...
The recombinant lipase from Ophiostoma piceae OPEr has demonstrated to have catalytic properties superior to those of many commercial enzymes. Enzymatic crudes with OPEr were immobilized onto magnetite nanoparticles by hydrophobicity (SiMAG-Octyl) and by two procedures that involve covalent attachment of the protein (mCLEAs and AMNP-GA), giving thr...
This research describes the adsorption of Cu²⁺ onto a helical ribbon carbon nanofiber. The characterization of carbon nanofiber by zeta potential showed an isoelectronic pH of 1.9. The influence of different adsorption factors, such as stirring speed, temperature, pH, adsorbent concentration, etc., on the Cu²⁺ adsorption capacity have been evaluate...
Recycling carbon fiber from residual carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is one of the key aspects of the future in the field of waste management. This work presents the possibility of recovering chemical compounds through the thermo-catalytic treatment of the gases and vapors produced from the decomposition of the polymeric resin that takes pl...
A series of Zn/Mn binary oxides with different molar ratios (1.4–11) were synthesized via co-precipitation from a solution obtained through the acidic (HCl) leaching of a black mass originating from the mechanical recycling of spent alkaline and Zn–C batteries. The oxides obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform inf...
This work reports the preparation of activated carbons via the hydrothermal treatment at 523 K/30 bar of two common winemaking wastes: bagasse and cluster stalks. The hydrothermal carbons produced by the above treatment were turned into activated carbons via their exposure to KOH and carbonization at 1073 K. These were then subjected to Raman spect...
The great amount of wasted alkaline batteries produced nowadays constitutes a driving force for obtaining valuable materials from the recycling process. Zn is one of the major components of the batteries residues; hence, the possibility to obtain good quality ZnO appears very attractive. In this work, we have characterized ZnO obtained by different...
A concentrate obtained from mining tailings containing mainly cassiterite and columbotantalite was reduced for the production of tin metal. The compounds CaCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, and borax were used as fluxes in the pyrometallurgical reduction smelting process, and graphite was employed as the reducing agent. The greatest recovery of Sn (>95%) was obt...
The transport of indium(III) through pseudo-emulsion based hollow fiber strip dispersion technology was investigated. The extractant being an ionic liquid RNH3⁺HSO4⁻, previously generated from the reaction of the primary amine Primene JMT, dissolved in Solvesso 100, and sulphuric acid. The feed solution containing In(III) was flowed through the tub...
ZnO powders were obtained via thermal decomposition of Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 precursor, resulting from the ammoniacal leaching of the black mass produced during recycling of spent alkaline batteries. Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and then calcined under oxidizing conditions resu...
This paper examines Ni(II) and Co(II) adsorption from an aqueous sulfate solution onto Lewatit TP-260 ion exchange resin, and the later desorption of these ions. The influence on metals adsorption of contact time, the pH of the metal-containing solution, the initial concentration of metals in the solution, and the amount of resin was examined in ba...
Two different precursors of zinc oxide were prepared via the ammoniacal ammonium carbonate leaching of the black mass obtained during the recycling of alkaline batteries. For a concentration of 0.1 mol/L of ammonium in the leaching solution, zinc basic carbonate, was obtained, while for higher ammonium concentrations (0.5 and 1 mol/L), zinc ammoniu...
The potential of adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) (hazardous element) and Au(III) (valuable element), from aqueous solutions, with carbon nanotubes was investigated. Kinetic experiments were performed in order to investigate the influence of different variables on the adsorption kinetics, that is, the stirring speed (250–2,000 min–1) and adsorbent dosa...
The recycling of waste generated by industrial production processes is a topic of considerable environmental and economic interest. The minimization of waste disposal, avoiding its direct release into the environment, generates environmental benefits for industries in addition to the manufacture of the main product. Some of these wastes, measured b...
Indium has numerous applications in different industrial sectors and is not an abundant element. Therefore appropriate technology to recover this element from various process wastes is needed. This research reports high adsorption capacity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for In(III). The effects of pH, kinetics, isotherms and adsorption mec...
Mercury soil contamination is an important environmental problem that needs the development of sustainable and efficient decontamination strategies. This work is focused on the application of a remediation technique that maintains soil ecological and environmental services to the extent possible as well as search for alternative sustainable land us...
A laboratory-/bench-scale investigation relating to copper recovery from Chilean copper flue dust is described. Since the dust contained a high amount of copper (nearly 24%), the considered option consisted in the leaching of the metallic material with ammonium chloride solution, thus enabling the dissolution of copper via its ammoniacal complexes,...
This paper presents a review of the environmental possibilities of using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for extracting metals, taken into account the characteristics of carbon nanotubes to be used as adsorbents and the influence of different factors on the adsorption processes, among them: kind of carbon nanotubes used as adsorbent, particle size, pH of s...
Titanium-based nanostructures due to their special physicochemical properties are receiving a great deal of interest for their applications in several fields. Among these applications, the various Ti-based nanostructures are finding their value as “green adsorbents” or ion exchangers for metals present in aqueous solutions arising from various envi...
The extraction of cadmium(II) by the ionic liquid (R3NH+Cl-) (R: tri-iso-octyl) in Exxsol D100 from hydrochloric acid solution has been investigated. The extraction reaction is exothermic. The numerical analysis of metal distribution data suggests the formation of R3NH+CdCl3- and (R3NH+)2CdCl24- species in the organic phase. The results obtained fo...
This work reports the oxidation behaviour and waste-to-energy output of different semi-rigid and flexible aluminium packagings when incinerated at 850°C in an air atmosphere enriched with 6% oxygen, in the laboratory setting. The physical properties of the different packagings were determined, including their metallic aluminium contents. The ash co...
The transfer of cadmium(II) from acidic chloride solutions through a smart liquid membrane technology was investigated in a microporous polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor. The organic solution of tri-isooactylammonium chloride (TiOAC) in Exxsol D100 was used as carrier. The acidic chloride feed solution containing the metal was passed th...
Phsophogypsum is a by-product from the processing phosphate rock. Before the use of it in cement industry such as setting regulator is necessary a study of dehydration reaction of phosphogypsum to avoid the false setting during the milling. The aim is to study the thermal behavior of two different phosphogypsum sources (Spain and Tunisia) under non...
Sintered wollastonite-plagioclase glass ceramics were prepared through crystallization of a parent glass generated by vitrification of pyrolysis residual glass fibers that had been pyrolytically recovered from waste composite materials. A vitrifiable mixture consisting of 95% by weight glass fiber and 5% by weight Na2O was melted at 1,450°C to obta...
European Directive 2013/39/EU records mercury as a priority hazardous substance. Regulation n° 2008/1102/EC banned the exportation of mercury and required the safe storage of any remaining mercury compounds. The present work describes the encapsulation of three wastes containing combinations of HgS, HgSe, HgCl2, HgO2, Hg3Se2Cl2, HgO and Hg(0), acco...
A laboratory-/bench-scale investigation relating to copper recovery from Chilean copper flue dust is described. Since the dust contained a high amount of copper (nearly 24%), the considered option consisted in the leaching of the metallic material with ammonium chloride solution, thus enabling the dissolution of copper via its ammoniacal complexes,...
Nowadays and in the recent past when the word "nano" appeared in almost anything it attracted immediate attention and interest, this is why carbon nanotubes, since its discovery nearly twenty years ago, caught the interest of a wide scientific and industrial population to apply the somewhat amazing properties of these nanomaterials in a number of a...
SUMMARY: The Almadén mining district (Ciudad Real, Spain) was the largest cinnabar (mercury sulphide) mine in the world. Its soils have high levels of mercury a consequence of its natural lithology, but often made much worse by its mining history. The present work examines the thermal desorption of two contaminated soils from the Almadén area under...
The crystalline phase evolution during firing of glass-ceramic materials from residual E-glass fibres was investigated as a function of temperature and time. The thermal stability and crystallisation mechanism were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The mineralogical and microstructural characterisation of the sintered glass-cerami...
Chars were obtained by the pyrolysis of waste wood samples of different origin - silver fir (Abies alba), holm oak (Quercus ilex), stone pine (Pinus pinea) and Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica) - at 600 C in a pilot scale installation. The thermo-chemical characteristics of the resulting materials were fully investigated using a combination of stand...
The extraction of Cr(VI) from acidic solutions through pseudo-emulsion-based membrane strip dispersion (PEMSD) was conducted in a microporous hydrophobic polyvinylidenedifluoride (PVDF) membrane support and permeation cell. As organic extractant ionic liquids derived from the primary amine Primene JMT in cumene was used. The acidic feed solution co...
This paper examines the recovery of carbon fibres from a composite used in the aeronautical industry, via a combined process of thermolysis and gasification in an air atmosphere. The waste was thermolysed at 500 degrees C, 600 degrees C or 700 degrees C in a pilot plant to determine the optimum thermolysis temperature. The solid residues produced -...
The influence of thermolysis temperature (range 500–700 °C) on the products produced from granulated scrap tyres (GST) (2–6 mm Ø) in a semi-batch pilot plant that uses several fixed bed reactors in parallel (GRAUTHERMIC-Tyres® process) was examined. This pilot unit consisted of six vertical fixed bed reactors in parallel, each with a capacity of 12...
Pyrolysis is a technology with a promising future in the recycling of scrap tyres. This paper determines the thermal decomposition behaviour and kinetics of granulated scrap tyres (GST) by examining the thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric (TGA/DTG) data obtained during their pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere at different heating rates. Th...
The objective of the present work is to study thermal decomposition and thermal desorption of mercury in two different soils from the old mercury mining district of Almadén (Spain). One of these soils was taken from a “dehesa” where natural Mediterranean vegetation is combined with agrosilvopastoral activities. It has 34 ± 7 mg kg-1 of Hg. The othe...
In this research, a new type of phosphogypsum-sulfur polymer cement (PG-SPC) for use in the manufacture of building materials was obtained. Physicochemical, radiological characterization, and modeling of exhalation rates were carried out in phosphogypsum (PG) and PG-SPC samples. Because the PG is enriched in several natural radionucleides, a leachi...
The permeation of chromium (III) using PEHFSD technology and the ionic liquid (RNH3+HSO4−), formed by reaction of the primary amine PRIMENE JMT and sulphuric acid, dissolved in n-decane as mobile carrier has been investigated. The alkaline feed solution containing Cr(III) was passed through the tube side, and pseudo-emulsions of the ionic liquid +...
This paper reports the preparation of sulphur polymer cements (SPCs) incorporating waste ilmenite mud for use in concrete construction works. The ilmenite mud raw material and the mud-containing SPCs (IMC-SPCs) were characterised physico-chemically and radiologically. The optimal IMC-SPC mixture had a sulphur/mud ratio (w/w) of 1.05 (mud dose 20 wt...
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The char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres has few market outlets, reducing the economic viability of the thermolytic process. This paper reports the potential of this char as a low-cost precursor of porous carbons. The tyre-derived char was demineralized in either alkaline or acidic media to reduce its ash, zinc, s...